


























































































































































































































































































#LIBRARY OF CONGRESS.# 

# - 

J [SMHHSONIAS DEPOSIT.] 

H S 7 














































/ 




























• ■ 








































































































* 







































































































— 



m afwu / o/utAst 


4 

15? 

Rill 

i'liiil lllllliillilllllll !llllllllillllll tllilllllllll III 1 Hill 1 ! Ifflli! ! i;!^ 1 !ii 1 ! f 1 

s v 


if 

11 

i its 3i ii ili iiiiiii iii iiiSii i 




























































































































































































































































































































































































































































■ 




















• - 































THE 



MONITOR 




CONTAINING A 


DELINEATION OF THE FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES 

OF 

jTrmnosonri), 

w 

OPERATIVE AND SPECULATIVE, AS WELL IN A RELIGIOUS AS A 

MORAL VIEW. 


WITH EXPLANATIONS AND PLATES 

OF ALL THE 

EMBLEMS OF THE DEGREES OF ENTERED APPRENTICE, FELLOW CRAFT, MASTER 
MASON. MARK MASTER, PAST MASTER. MOST EXCELLENT MASTER, ROiAI. 
ARCH MASON, ROYAL MASTER, SELECT MASTER, HIGH PRIEST- 
HOOD, KNIGHTS OF THE RED CROSS, KNIGHTS TEMPLARS, 

AND KNIGHTS OF MALTA ; 

ALSO, CONSTITUTIONS, REGULATIONS, ETC., 

COMPILED AND ARRANGED FROM THE MOST APPROVED WRITERS. 

WITH 

ADDITIONS, NOTES, AND REMARKS; ALSO, CHARGES AND 

SONGS. 

BY Z. A. DAVIS, 

A NEW EDITION REVISED AND ENLARGFD 

EMBELLISHED WITH A CORRECT LIKENESS OF 

IOSEPH K. CHANDLER, ESQ., 

P. Q. M. and P. G. H. P. of the Grand Lodge and Chapter of the State of 

Pennsylvania 



PHILADELPHIA: 

CLARK & HESSER, 

NO. 18 SOUTH FOURTH STREET. 







Entered according to the Act of Congress, in the year 1853, 
by Clark & Hesser, in the Clerk’s Office of the District Court 
of the Eastern District of Pennsylvania. 



U't 'T3'W 



N 




TO HIE RIGHT WORSHIPFUL BROTHER, 

JOSEPH R. CHANDLER, 

PAST GRAND MASTER AND PAST GRAND HIGH PRIEST OF THE 
GRAND T ODGE AND CHAPTER OF THE STATE OF PENN¬ 
SYLVANIA, AND MASONIC JURISDICTION 
THEREUNTO BELONGING. 

R. W. Sir and Brother, 

The high esteem in which your valuable services 
have been held amongst Masons, and the benefits I have 
received from your instructions, have laid me under obli¬ 
gations which I feel myself incompetent to discharge. As 
a tribute of my respect and gratitude, permit me to dedi¬ 
cate to you this humble effort, which I hope may be of 
benefit to the fraternity. 

1 remain yours fraternally, 


£. A. DAVIS. 























r 








































































































' 








INDEX, 


Origin of Masonry 
Opinion of Modern Writers 
General Regulations 


CONSTITUTIONS. 

Chapter I. 

Of those who would be free and accepted Masons 
Sect. I. Of God and Religion 

II. Of Government and the Civil Authority, 

III. Of Private Duties 

IV. Of Prerequisites 

V. Instructions for the Candidates 

VI. Of Proposing Candidates 

VII. The Candidate ... 


Page. 

. 13 

21 

. 33 


47 

47 

48 
50 

53 

54 

54 

55 


Chapter II. 

Of a Lodge and its Government 

Sect. I. Of a Lodge ..... 57 

II. Of Officers and Members in general . . 57 

III. Of the Master, his Election, Office and Duty 58 

IV. Of the Wardens of a Lodge . . .60 

V Of the Secretary of a Lodge ... 60 

VI. Of the Treasurer of a Lodge . . .61 

VII. Of the Deacons of a Lodge . . 62 

VIII. Of the Stewards, or Masters of Ceremonies . 62 

IX Of the Tyler of a Lodge ... 62 

X. Of the Number to be Initiated . . 63 

XI. Privileges of Lodges . . . 63 

Chapter III. 

Of the Behaviour of Masons, as Members of a Lodge . 64 

Sect. I. Of Attendance .... 64 

II. Of Working.61 

III. Of Behaviour in Ihe Lodge while open . 65 

IV. Of Behaviour after the Lodge is closed . 66 


v 


VI 


INDEX. 


Chapter IV. 

Concerning' the Behaviour of Masons in their Private Character 67 
Sect. I. When a Number of Brethren happen to meet, 
without any strangers among them, and not in a 
formal Lodge ..... 67 

II. When in the presence of Grangers who are not 
Masons . . . . . .67 

III, When at home and in your neighbourhood 68 

IV. Of Behaviour towards a Foreign Brother or 

stranger ...... 68 

V. Of Behaviour towards a Brother, whether pre¬ 
sent or absent ..... 69 

VI. Concerning Differences and Lawsuits, if any 
such should unhappily arise among Brethren . 69 

Chapter V. 

Sect. I. Of Grand Lodges in General . . 71 

II. Of the Election of Grand Masters, . . 73 

III. Of the Election or Appointment of the Deputy 

G. M. . . . . . 73 

IV. Of the Grand Wardens . . .74 

V. Of the Grand Secretary ... 74 

VI. Of the Election and Office of the Grand Treasurer 75 

VII. Of the Grand Tyler and the Grand Pursuivant 76 

VIII. General Rules for conducting the business of the 
Grand Lodge, in case of the absence of any of 
the Grand Officers . . . .76 

IX. Of Grand Visitations, Communications, Annual 

Feasts, &c. .... 78 


ENTERED APPRENTICE DEGREE. 

Entered Apprentice .... 

Charge at Initiation .... 
Dalcho’s Explanation of the Working Tools 
Entered Apprentice’s Song 

FELLOW CRAFT DEGREE. 

Remarks on the Second Degree . , , 

Of Operative Masonry .... 

Of Speculative Masonry .... 

Of the Use of the Globes .... 

Of Order in Architecture . . . 


80 

88 

89 

92 


94 

97 

98 

98 

99 


INDEX. 


vii 


Of its Antiquity 
The Tuscan . 

The Doric. . . . 

The Ionic , . 

The Corinthian 
The Composite . . 

The Five Senses of Human Nature 
Grammar 
Rhetoric _. 

Logic .... 
Arithmetic 

Geometry . . . 

Music . . . , 

Astronomy 
Charge at passing to the Second Degree 


99 

99 

100 

100 

100 

101 

102 

106 

106 

106 

107 

107 

108 
108 
110 


MASTER MASON DEGREE. 

Master Mason • . . . . . Ill 

The Pot of Incense . . . . . .114 

The Bee Hive . . . . . . 114 

The Book of Constitution . . . . .115 

The Sword pointing to a Naked Heart . . . 115 

All-seeing Eye . . . . . .115 

The Anchor and Ark . . . . . 115 

Tlie Forty-seventh Problem of Euclid . . .114 

The Hour Glass . . . . . . 116 

The Scythe. .116 

The Three Steps . . . . . .. 117 

Charge at Raising to the Sublime Degree of a Master Mason i 17 
Illustration of the Master’s Degree . . . .118 

The Five Points of Fellowship farther illustrated . 120 


The Advantages which the truly worthy Brother may derive 
from a perfect knowledge of this sublime degree . 121 


MARK MASTER DEGREE. 


Mark Master ...... 123 

King Solomon’s Letter to Hiram .... 129 

Hiram’s Reply . . . . . . 129 

Charge Read in the Lodge . . . . .131 

Remarks on the Fourth Degree .... 132 

Charge on Advancement in this Degree . . . 135 

Mark Master’s Song . . . . . 136 



viii 


INDEX. 


Parable . . . . . . . 137 

Prayer . . . . . . . 138 

PAST MASTER DEGREE. 

Observations on the Degree of Past Master . . 140 

Chapter I. 

The manner of constituting a Lodge, including the ceremony 

of Consecration and Installation . . .112 

Sect. I. On the manner of constituting a Lodge . 142 

Form of a Petition for a New Lodge . . 142 

Ceremony of Constitution . . . 143 

Services. . . . . .147 

Ceremony of Consecration . . . 148 

PAST MASTER. 

Ceremony of Installation . . . , .151 

Charge to Senior Warden .... 154 

“ Junior Warden ..... 155 

“ Secretary . . . . . 155 

“ Treasurer . . . . . .155 

“ Senior Deacon .... 156 

“ Junior Deacon ..... 156 

“ Stewards or Masters of Ceremonies . . 156 

“ Tyler ...... 157 

Chapter II. 

Ceremony observed at laying the foundation of Public Build. 

ing« ....... 158 

Chapter III. 

Ceremony at the opening of a Bridge . . . 160 

Chapter IV. 

Ceremony observed at the dedication or consecration of Ma¬ 
sons’ Halls . . . , . . . 101 

Chapter V. 

Ceremony observed at Funerals, with the Service to be used 

on those occasions . . . . # 163 

Chapter VI. 

Processions, No. 1. 

Order of Procession for one Lodge on common occasions 173 


INDEX. 


ix 


Grand Processions, No. 2 . 

Order of Procession when the ceremony of consecrating and 

constituting a Lodge is performed in public, &c. 174 

No. 3. Order of Procession at laying the foundation 

stones of Public Buildings, &c. . . .175 

Chapter VII. 

The government of the Fraternity explained . . 178 

Chapter VIII. 

General Remarks . , . . . .180 

Chapter IX. 

The Ceremony of Opening and Closing a Lodge . 181 

PRAYERS, 

Which may be used on several occasions . . 184 

At Opening and Initiation . , . . 184 

Used in ancient times at Jerusalem . . .185 

At the Opening of a Lodge .... 187 


At the Closing of a Lodge . . . . .187 

MOST EXCELLENT MASTER. 

Chapter I. 

Remarks on the Sixth or Most Excellent Master’s Degree 188 
Charge to be delivered to a Brother who is accepted and 


acknowledged as a Most Excellent Master . 193 

ROYAL ARCH MASON. 

Chapter I. 

Observations on the Seventh, or Degree of Royal Arch Mason 195 
Prayers rehearsed, during the ceremony of exaltation, . 203 

Prayer repeated in the Royal Arch Lodge at Jerusa¬ 
lem ...... 204 

Particulars, relative to King Soloman’s Temple . . 216 

Charge to a newly exalted Companion . . . 221 

ROYAL MASTER . . . • . 223 

SELECT MASTER . 225 

Charge to a Select Master .... 227 

Charge at closing ..... 229 

Installation ceremonies for Councils of Royal and Select 

Masters .....* 229 

Charge to the Right Illustrious Grand Master . . 232 

Charge to the Illustrious Grand Master . . . 232 


X 


INDEX. 


Charge 

to the Grand Treasurer . . 

• 


233 

Charge to the Grand Recorder 


• 

234 

Charge to the Grand Captain of the Guards 

• 


234 

Charge to the Grand Conductor . . 


• 

235 

Charge to the Grand Marshal . 

# 


235 

Charge 

to the Grand Steward 


• 

235 

Charge to the Officers and Members . 

• 


236 

HIGH PRIESTHOOD 


• 

237 

Ceremonies and Charges upon the Installation of 

a Royal 


Arch Chapter .... 

• 


240 

Prayer 

.... * 


• 

241 

Address to the High Priest . . . 

# 


245 

Address 

to the King 


• 

250 

Address to the Seribe . . • 

# 


252 

(ft 

Captain of the Host 


• 

253 

(ft 

Principal Sojourner 

• 


254 

(ft 

Royal Arch Captain 


• 

255 

(ft 

Master of the Third Veil 

. 


256 

(ft 

Master of the Second Veil 


• 

256 

(ft 

Master of the First Veil 

# 


256 

(ft 

Master of three Veils as overseers 


• 

257 

(ft 

Treasurer . . . 



258 

(ft 

Secretary . . 


• 

258 

(ft 

Chaplain . 

. 


259 

(ft 

Stewards . . 



260 

(ft 

Tyler .... 

• 


260 

(ft 

High Priest . , 



261 

• (ft 

Officers Generally . 

• 


263 

(ft 

Chapter at large . . 



263 


CONSTITUTION OF THE GENERAL GRAND ROYAL 
ARCH CHAPTER OF THE U. S. A. 

Article. I. Of the General Grand Chapter . . 265 

Article II. Of the State Grand Royal Arch Chapter . 268 

Article III. Of the subordinate Chapters and Lodges. 272 

Article IV. Of constituting New Chapters • .276 

ENCAMPMENT DEGREES. 


Knights of the Red Cross . . 277 

Titles, Stations and Decorations .... 278 

Prayer at opening, &c., &c. . . • . 278 

Knights Templars, • 291 




INDEX. 

XI 

Decorations and Stations of Officers 

Uniform • 

Prayer at opening . . 

Charge at opening, &c., &c. 

292 
. 292 

293 
. 294 

Knights of Malta 

Charge to the candidate 

Exhortation at closing . 

303 
. 305 

308 


CEREMONIES AND CHARGES UPON CONSTITU¬ 
TING AND DEDICATING AN ENCAMPMENT, AND 
INSTALLING ITS OFFICERS . . .309 

CONSTITUTION OF THE GENERAL GRAND EN¬ 
CAMPMENT OF KNIGHTS TEMPLARS AND AP¬ 
PENDANT ORDERS OF THE U. S. A. 

Article I. General Grand Encampment . . 324 

Article II. State Grand Encampments . • . 327 

Article III. Subordinate Councils and Encampments . 329 

Hymns, Songs and Odes . 332 

Forms of Applications, Petitions and Reports thereon . 342 

HISTORY OF FREE MASONRY IN AMERICA 368 


Grand Lodge 

of Pennsylvania 

. 374 

a 

New Hampshire 

375 

ct 

Massachusetts . 

. 375 

a 

Rhode Island 

375 

44 

Connecticut 

. 375 

44 

Vermont 

376 

44 

New York • . 

. 376 

44 

New Jersey 

. 376 

44 

Kentucky 

376 

44 

Virginia .... 

. 377 

44 

Delaware . . • 

377 

44 

North Carolina . 

. 377 

49 

South Carolina 

378 

44 

Ohio .... 

. 378 

44 

Georgia 

378 

44 

Maryland . . . 

. 379 

44 

District of Columbia 

379 








. 






























tf 





















THE 


FREE MASON'S MONITOR. 


ORIGIN OP MASONRY 

To proclaim and encourage virtue, in whatever Form it 
may appear, is truly laudable, and will always meet with 
the approbation of the good in this, and every other country. 
Such has been the endeavour of Free Masonry from the 
earliest period to the present day. 

When the wild savage leaped from his den, in all the 
horrors of barbarian ferocity, and men knew no rights but 
those of the strongest, Free Masonry, shackled, but not 
destroyed, exerted itself in filial tenderness, paternal re¬ 
gard, an adoration of the deity, and gratitude for benevolent 
actions. 

In the dark times of primeval history, when mad ambi¬ 
tion rashly overrun the bounds of property, trod uncon¬ 
trolled the barren wilds of savage freedom, it was then that 
the originals of our present order framed the rude but glo¬ 
rious superstructure of the moral world: and we plainly 
perceive that Masonry has in all ages been instrumental in 
ameliorating the condition of the human race. 

The disciples of Religion and Reason, have in all ages * 
gone hand in hand: and we see the moral and divine 
precepts of the Scriptures have, from time immemorial, 
been introduced under the symbolic expressions of masonic 
art. 


2 



14 


ORIGIN OF MAbONRY. 


Free Masonry (or Virtue , its true name) ventured to 
correct the ferocious manners of men, to tame their savage 
cruelty, convoke their synod, frame their laws, and, with 
a sort of magic power, convert the lawless robber into the 
peaceful citizen: it was the order of Philanthropy, or, to 
speak in more explicit language, of Free Masonry . 

The structures of humanity were often erased by the in¬ 
roads of barbarian fury, mutilated by the ignorants in an¬ 
cient times often prostituted to the service of an ecclesiastic 
council; where debate, rancour, and animosity, with daring 
projects were too often seen through the gilded veil of cleri¬ 
cal dignity. The religious, it is well known, engrossed in 
the early ages of Christianity the whole stock of general 
knowledge, together with Christian learning; and whatever 
mankind might be possessed of, flowed through the channels 
of intolerant zeal and religious prejudice. The ignorance of 
some of the ancient transcribers has been already very judi¬ 
ciously detected in a former masonic treatise,* and I fear 
they have been less merciful, respecting the cardinal ex¬ 
pression Philanthropy, erasing the first four letters, and 
substituting Mis, exposed to the world that horrid collection 
of letters Misanthropy. 

From this mistake alone religious persecution raged, car¬ 
nage strewed the plains with the mangled bodies of our 
noble ancestors, laid waste the ripening fields of golden 
harvest, and devastation raged, until toe masonic spirit en¬ 
lightened the reason. 

From that period the clouds of darkness began to disap¬ 
pear. Virtue travelled westerly, and meeting with patrons, 
has now fixed her seat with imperial greatness in the Grand 
and Subordinate Lodges of the United States of America. 

It is a public misfortune, that the purity of manners of 

* See annotations of Mr. Locke, under the name of Peter Gower, in 
Preston's Illustrations of Masonry, page 136. 


ORIGIN OF MASONRY. 


15 


a society, which exceeds every other, should not be more 
generally known among all ranks. The people have too 
long been ignorant of our masonic principles. Virtue, when 
hunted from her abode on the continent of Europe, seems 
to have formed her only phalanx in this Society, to wipe 
the tear from the eye of distress, to cheer the heart of the 
unfortunate, clothe the naked, feed the hungry, and prevent, 
by anticipation, the wants of the unfortunate, has always 
been the practice of masons. 

We may equal, but cannot surpass such actions: it is 
not here they can be excelled ; and it is our fervent wish 
that people may no longer be ignorant of the true princi¬ 
ples of our institution. Such a confession, indeed, reflects 
on themselves as men: nor should they perplex the mind 
in the minute investigation of the secret signs, when they 
reflect that the base of this order is Charity , the figurative 
and typical emblems are illustrations of a nobler subject. 
Buildings, however strong or noble, will decay; but Virtue, 
immortal Virtue! takes its flight from these to the celestial 
abodes, and is at last received into the bosom of its God. 

Far different from the designs of many meetings of the 
day, whose features are excess, the Free Masons’are a 
standing exception, they revel in Charity and riot in no- 
bleness of heart. 

Free Masons are a public benefit to the world, uniting in 
the strongest ties people of all countries, and all religious 
creeds ; their language is as general as that of the eyes, 
and in all parts of the globe it is understood. By commu¬ 
nicative signs it has become peculiarly valuable, and Free 
Masons possess, what the learned have sought in vain, an 
invariable cypher for universal communication; theirs is a 
sort of personal short hand. 

We now come to the operative part, called Masonry, 
which is distinct from the social aim of the institution, 
although the original cause of it. 


16 


ORIGIN OF MASONRY. 


This consists in rearing stately fabrics to the honour of 
God, the glory of our country, and the welfare of the pub¬ 
lic : and as we in that must observe the strictest order and 
regularity in the course of the work, so we must in the 
other act upon the square, and frame our behaviour to the 
good of society, the honour of our order, and the credit of 
every individual; as the more a building is ornamented with 
ingenious devices, the more it redounds to the honour of 
the workman, so here, the more accomplishments men 
possess, the higher they will rise in the estimation of their 
brethren. Among them every art and science is alternately 
treated ; it forms within itself a living encyclopaedia, where 
every one adorns his subject with the most instructive 
lessons. It is to be hoped that the Masonic will in time 
thoroughly agree with the social part. We already behold 
the living graves of society (convents) in a great degree 
abolished; and may they ever continue so! I am sure, 
no Free Mason wishes the craft to erect another, under the 
mask of religious retirement, for ever to exclude a human 
being from the social intercourse of civilized life. In re¬ 
counting the many stately edifices raised by architectural 
skill, we admire,-we stand astonished at the art, but when 
reflection weighs in the scales of reason the various ends 
for which they were founded, we admire the work, but de¬ 
test the purposes of it. The temples, which locked up the 
vestal virgins, have now few votaries, and we indulge the 
pleasing hope that in future ages there will be no such an 
order as the inquisition ever re-established. 

These sentiments, we presume, are not hostile to Free 
Masons, who glow with the love as well as the peace of 
mankind. Their influence by the aid of an honourable bro¬ 
ther,* has already wrested the fetters from the ancles of the 
galled African, after the toils of a tedious but weak oppo- 


Wilberforcc, M. P. 


ORIGIN OF MASONRY. 


17 


sition. We feel the most glowing pleasure at thus address¬ 
ing these sentiments to our brethren, as we daily feel the 
truth of the observation : “ That in every nation a Mason 
may find a friend, in every climate he may find a home.” 

It is proper here to premise, that Masonry, in its ancient 
history, is used in a sense equivalent to the liberal sciences, 
but particularly geometry; upon this assumption the early 
Masonic history dates the commencement of the Masonic 
institution with the beginning of time, and begins its history 
with the work of creation. 

All things necessary for man’s felicity were perfected by 
the Grand Architect of the universe according to geometry.* 

That Adam, our great progenitor, was ignorant of the 
principles of geometry can hardly be supposed, for after 
his expulsion from the garden of Eden, he built an habita¬ 
tion for himself and family, and no doubt instructed his 
descendants in that noble science, and its application to 
whatsoever crafts were convenient for those early times. 

Cain with his family and adherents being pre-instructed 
in the principles of geometry and architecture, built a strong 
city and called it, Dedicate or Consecrate, after the name 
of his eldest son Enoch, whose race following his example 
improved themselves, not only in geometry and masonry, 
but made discoveries of several other useful arts. 

The descendants of Seth came nothing behind those of 
Cain, in the cultivation of geometry and masonry. This 
patriarch greatly profited in those noble sciences, under the 
tuition of Adam, with whom he lived till the year of the 
world 930, and succeeded him in the direction of the craft; 
who, as a monument of his superior abilities, and love to 
posterity, foreseeing the universal desolation which would 
happen by fire or water, and deprive mankind of those arts 


* See John Entick’s work, published under the sanction of the Grand 
Lodge in London, England, in 17i)6, and Anderson, 1723. 


18 


ORIGIN OF MASONRY. 


and sciences at that time existing, raised two pillars of stone^ 
and inscribed thereon an abridgment of the arts and sciences, 
particularly geometry or masonry, in order to withstand the 
overthrow of the flood, which Josephus the historian in¬ 
forms us was to be seen in his time, in the land of Siriad , 
by the name of Seth’s or Enoch’s pillars. 

Methuselah, with his son Lamech and grandson Noah, 
retired from the corrupt world, and in their own peculiar 
family preserved the religion of the promised Messiah pure, 
and also the art of masonry till the flood. 

The ark was built on principles of geometry. Noah and 
his family, besides a number of all created beings, were 
saved from the general deluge; he and his four sons are, 
therefore, the*progenitors of the present race of mankind. 

From the Sacred Writings we learn, that Noah and his 
sons, being all of one language and speech, it came to pass 
as they journeyed from the East to the West , they found 
a plain in the land of Shinar, and dwelt there together as 
Noachidae or sons of Noah, the first name of Masons, and 
under which name many brethren are known in France up 
to the present day. 

In following that great luminary of the craft, the Holy 
Bible, we find the tower of Babel is built, and before its 
entire completion, by the will of the Divine Architect, the 
language of the builders is confounded and the people dis¬ 
persed, all which shows that, after the dispersion, they still 
carried with them the knowledge of masonry, and improved 
it to a great degree of perfection. 

Nimrod or Belus, the son of Cush, the eldest son of 
Ham, and founder of the Babylonian Monarchy, kept pos¬ 
session of the plain, and founded the first great empire at 
Babylon. 

From Shinar the science and the art were carried to dis¬ 
tant parts of the world, notwithstanding the confusion of 
the dialects, and which is presumed to having given rise to 


ORIGIN OF MASONRY. 


19 


the universal practice of conversing without speaking, and 
communications between Masons by tokens or signs. 

Mizraim, the second son of Ham, carried to, and pre¬ 
served in Egypt the original skill, and cultivated the arts, 
monuments of which are still extant in that country under 
the name of Pyramids, which are, and have been, the uni¬ 
versal admiration of succeeding ages. The successors of 
Mizraim, who were styled the sons of ancient kings, en¬ 
couraged the art, down to the last of their race, the learned 
King Arnasis. 

It is-presumed that the offspring of Shem propagated the 
science as far as China and Japan. 

Abraham, born two years after the death of Noah, had 
learned the science, before the Grand Architect of the uni¬ 
verse called him to travel from Ur of the Chaldees. He 
communicated it to the Canaanites, for which they honoured 
him as a prince. 

Isaac, Ishmael, and Jacob no doubt were taught the 
science by their progenitor. Joseph was also well in¬ 
structed by his father, for Scripture informs us he excelled 
the Egyptians in knowledge, and was installed by Pharaoh 
himself as a ruler over the people. 

It is well known, and needs no comment here, that Mel- 
chizedeck is recognised amongst us as one of the most 
venerable patrons of the order. 

That the Israelites practised masonry in Egypt is a well 
authenticated fact from the Bible. We read “ they were 
trained up” to the building of two cities with stone and 
brick for the Egyptians, and undoubtedly was the design 
of the Most High, to make them expert masons before 
they should possess the promised land. 

In their peregrinations through the wilderness after their 
singular delivery of Egyptian bondage, on their voyage to 
the land which was promised they should possess for an 
inheritance for ever, God was pleased to inspire Moses, and 
gave him the decalogue which can be summed up in those 


20 


ORIGIN OF MASONRY. 


two doctrines, Honour God and love thy neighbour, (and 
in what society are those two precepts better exemplified 
than among Masons.) When Moses, after a sojourn of 
forty days on Mount Sinai, came down with the laws, he 
entered into his tent. Aaron his brother, who afterwards 
became high priest, came to visit him, and Moses acquainted 
hi in with the laws he had received from God with the ex¬ 
planation of them. After this Aaron placed himself at the 
right hand of Moses, and Eleazar and Ithamar (sons of 
Aaron) were admitted, to whom Moses repeated what he had 
sail' to Aaron. Moses afterwards declared the same over 
to the Elders of the Sanhedrim composed of seventy mem¬ 
bers, after which instruction he reduced the law to writing, 
except the explanations; these lie thought sufficient to 
commit and entrust to their memories, witli instructions to 
teach them to their children and their offspring. He also 
ordered the more skilful to meet him as in a lodge or 
tabernacle, and gave them wise charges and regulations, 
from which they should not deviate. 

Joshua, the faithful follower of Moses, succeeded him, with 
Caleb and Eleazer the high priest, and Phineas his-deputy. 

After the conquest and settlement of the promised land, 
the Israelites made further progress in the study of geome¬ 
try and architecture, having many expert artists. 

The city of Tyre or Tsor was built by a great body of 
Sidonian masons from Gabala, under a grand master and a 
number of princes. 

In alter times, Ahibal, king of Tyre, repaired and beau¬ 
tified that city, and so did his son Hiram, being also a 
mason. lie became one of the principal architects of that 
stupendous edifice which has been and always will remain 
the admiration of the world, viz. Solomon’s temple. 

Having traced Masonry thus far, I will reserve to its 
proper place the commencement, building, and completion 
of that edifice, from which, with more accuracy, we trace 


OPINION OF MODERN WRITERS. 


Free Masonry denotes a system of mysteries and se¬ 
crets peculiar to free and accepted Masons. The origin of 
its history is no doubt ancient, as l have attempted, and I 
trust successfully, to show in the foregoing pages, although 
I have no authentic source from which to date its ^com¬ 
mencement, or what could have been the reason for the 
formation of a society under the title of Masons, in prefer¬ 
ence to any other mechanical profession; from the fore¬ 
going pages, and also from Dr. Henry’s history, we find 
the origin of the order attributed to the difficulty in ancient 
times of procuring a sufficient number of expert workmen 
to build the multitude of churches, abbeys and other religi¬ 
ous edifices. Hence, the Masons were greatly favoured by 
the Popes, who granted them many privileges, in order to 
encourage the arts and augment their numbers. In those 
times it is needless to say, that such encouragement from 
the heads of the church must have been of great benefit to 
the fraternity. In confirmation of which, Dr. Henry quotes 
the following: “ The Italians, with some Greek refugees, 
also some French, Germans, and Flemish, joined into a 
fraternity of architects; they styled themselves Free Ma¬ 
sons, and travelled from one nation to another, as they found 
edifices to be built. They had regular rules and regula¬ 
tions among themselves, fixing their residence in a camp 
near the place where they were employed. A Surveyor 
governed in chief; every tenth man was called a Warden, 
whose duty was to overlook the other nine. The gentle¬ 
men in the neighbourhood, out of regard for their excel¬ 
lent conduct and skill, and the laudable object they had in 

21 


22 OPINION OF MODERN WRITERS. 

view in building such edifices, or, perhaps, out of charity 
or penance, gave the materials. Those who have seen the 
accounts in records of the charge of the fabrics of some ot 
the cathedrals many centuries old, cannot but have a great 
esteem for their economy, and admire how soon they 
erected such lofty structures. 

By other accounts, the antiquity of the order is carried 
farther, even as far back as the building of Solomon’s tem¬ 
ple. In Great Britain, the introduction of the order has 
been fixed by some at the year 674, A. C., when glass 
making was invented, as old records prove that many Gothic 
buildings were erected by men in companies, who styled 
themselves free, and who were governed by their own laws 
and regulations. While others are of opinion that the in¬ 
stitution of the order is derived from a combination of peo¬ 
ple who agreed not to work without an advance of their 
wages. This is presumed to have been the case in the 
reign of Edward the Third, who directed the sheriffs to 
assist in rebuilding and enlarging the castles, as also the 
church and chapel of St. George, at Windsor. At this 
time, it is said, Masons agreed on certain tokens to 
know each other by, and to prevent being impressed, nor 
to work unless free, and on such terms as they agreed oil 
between themselves. 

As already premised, the origin of Masonry is traced 
from the creation. Brother Preston, in his treatise on the 
order, published in 1792, says, “ Ever since symmetry 
began, and harmony displayed its charms, our order has 
had a being.” He also supposes its introduction in Eng¬ 
land prior to the Roman invasion. This presumption is 
strengthened by the existence of the remains of some stu¬ 
pendous works executed by the Britons, much earlier even 
than the time of the Romans, which display considerable 
ingenuity. So that there remains not a shadow of doubt 
of the existence of the order at that early period. The 


OPINION OF MODERN WRITERS. 


23 


Druids, at that time, also, had many customs similar to 
those of the Masons, and, it is said, derived their govern¬ 
ment of Pythagoras. Although, at the present day, we cannot 
exactly trace any resemblance either to the rules or usages 
of Masonry. 

Caesar and many other Roman generals encouraged the 
order, and were appointed Governors of Britain ; and 
although we know that at this period the members of the 
order were employed in building many magnificent build¬ 
ings, nothing can be found on record concerning their 
lodges and assemblies. 

Carausius, a Roman general, patronized the fraternity, 
and encouraged learning. He also collected the best arti¬ 
ficers from many countries, particularly Masons. He ap¬ 
pointed Albanus, his steward, the principal superintendent 
of their meetings. Under his government, lodges began to 
be introduced, and the business of Masonry regularly carried 
on. They obtained, through the influence of Albanus, a 
charter from Carausius to hold a general council, at which 
Albanus presided and made many new members. This 
Albanus was the celebrated St. Albans, the first martyr in 
Britain for the Christian faith. 

The progress of Masonry was unfortunately interrupted 
by the departure of the Romans from Britain, owing to the 
furious irruptions of the Scots and Piets, which left no time 
for the cultivation of the arts, and afterwards through the 
ignorance of the Saxons, whom the Britons had called in 
as allies, but who soon became their masters. After the 
introduction of Christianity, the arts received encourage¬ 
ment, and Masonry, as a natural consequence, began to 
flourish. 

In the year 557, A. C., St. Austin with a number 
of monks, among whom the arts had been preserved, came 
to England. By these the principles of Christianity were 
propagated with such zeal, that a number of Kings were 


24 


OPINION OF MODERN WRITERS. 


converted. St. Austin then became the patron of the order, 
and by the aid of foreigners introduced the Gothic style of 
building. He appeared at the head of the fraternity in 
founding the old Cathedral of Canterbury, in the year 600 ; 
that of Rochester in 602 ; St. Paul’s, in London, in 604 ; 
St. Peter’s, in Westminster, in 605; as well as many 
others. 

In 640, a few expert brethren arrived from France, and 
formed themselves into a lodge under the direction of Ben- 
net, Abbot of Wirral; whom Kenred, King of Mercia, ap¬ 
pointed Inspector of Lodges and Superintendant of Masons. 
Under the patronage of St. Swithin, in 856, whom Ethel- 
wolf employed to repair some churches, the order improved ; 
when in the year 872 they found a great protector in Alfred 
the Great, who patronized the arts; appropriating one 
seventh part of his revenue for maintaining a number of 
workmen whom he employed in repairing the ruins caused 
by the Danes. He was succeeded by Edward. Masons 
then held their lodges under the sanction of Ethred, hus¬ 
band to the king’s sister, and Ethel ward, his brother, to 
whom the care of the fraternity was entrusted. The latter 
founded the university of Cambridge. 

The positive establishment of the order in England, can 
be traced to King Athelstane, in the year 926. There is 
still extant a lodge of Masons in York, who trace their ex¬ 
istence from this period, and which is the most ancient 
lodge in England. This lodge was founded by Edwin, 
the king’s brother, who obtained a charter from Athelstane, 
aud became Grand Master himself. By virtue of that 
charter all Masons in the kingdom were assembled, and for 
the first time a Grand Lodge was established for their 
future government. Under its patronage the fraternity in¬ 
creased. Kings, Princes, and nobles, who had been initia¬ 
ted into its mysteries, paid due allegiance to the assembly. 
Hence originated the appellation of Ancient York Masons, 


OriNlON OF MODERN WRITERS. 


25 


although the general tradition is that the first Grand Lodge 
was held at Auldby, near York ; and as Auldby was a seat 
of Edwin, this tradition gives confirmation of the above 
account. 

After the death of Atlielstane, the Masons were dis¬ 
persed, and remained in an unsettled state till 960, A. C., 
in the reign of Edgar. St. Dunstan then encouraged 
them, which partially revived their lodges. However, in 
1041, A. C., under Edward the Confessor, it flourished, 
who, with the assistance of Leofrick, Earl of Coventry, 
rebuilt Westminster Abbey, the earl being appointed Su- 
perintendantof Masons, by whom many other superb struc¬ 
tures were erected. 

In 1066, Gundulph, Bishop of Rochester, and Roger de 
Montgomery, Earl of Shrewsbury, who were both archi¬ 
tects and patrons of the Masons. Under their auspices 
the famous Tower of London was begun, although only 
finished during the reign of William Rufus, who likewise 
rebuilt London Bridge with wood, and in 1087 first con¬ 
structed the palace and hall of Westminster. 

Masonry flourished under the auspices of Henry the 
first, and during Stephen’s reign the society were employed 
in building a chapel at Westminster, (now the House of 
Commons,) Gilbert de Clare, the Marquis of Pembroke, 
being the President of the lodges. In Henry the II.’s time, 
the lodges were under the superintendance of the Grand 
Lodge of the Knight Templars, who in the year 1155 em¬ 
ployed them in the erection of their temple in Fleet street, 
London. They continued under the patronage of the order 
until 1199, when John, succeeding Richard the first in the 
throne of England, Peter de Colechurch was then appointed 
Grand Master. Peter de Rupibus succeeded Colechurch, 
and Geoffrey Fitz Peter acted as his deputy. On the ac¬ 
cession of Edward the first, in 1272, the superintendence 
of the craft was entrusted to several noblemen, amongst 

3 


26 


OPINION OF MODERN WRITERS. 


others to Walter GifFard, Archbishop of York. By these 
architects, Westminster Abbey, which had been begun in 
1220, was finished. During the reign of Edward the II. 
the craft were employed under the auspices of Walter Sta¬ 
pleton, Bishop of Exeter, who had been appointed their 
Grand Master in 1307, in building Exeter College, in Ox¬ 
ford, and Clare Hall, in Cambridge. 

Edward the III. patronized the fraternity. He revised 
the ancient charges, added several useful regulations to the 
original code then in existence. He appointed several de¬ 
puties under him to inspect the proceedings. William 
Wykeham was the Grand Master, on the accession of Ri¬ 
chard the II., who founded, at his own expense, the new 
college at Oxford, and Winchester College. After the ac¬ 
cession of Henry IV., Thomas Fitz Allan, Earl of Surrey, 
became Grand Master, by whom Battle Abbey was founded, 
and the Guildhall, in London, built. During the reign of 
Henry the V., Henry Chichely, Archbishop of Canter¬ 
bury, was appointed Grand Master, under whom the lodges 
and communications of the fraternity were very frequent. 

In 1425, however, during the reign of Henry the VI., 
an act was made to prevent the meetings of lodges and 
chapters. It was pretended that by such meetings the good 
course and effect of the labourers were violated in subver¬ 
sion of the law. This act, however, through the influence 
of Archbishop Chicheley, was never put in force, and who 
continued still to preside over them. Dr. Anderson, in the 
first edition of the book of constitutions, makes the fol¬ 
lowing comment upon this act: “It was made in ignorant 
times, when true learning was a crime, and geometry con¬ 
demned for conjuration. The king, it is presumed, was 
then too much influenced by the illiterate clergy, who were 
not Masons nor understood architecture, (as the clergy of 
some former years.”) 

In 1442, Henry the VI. was initiated in masonry. He 


OPINION OF MODERN WRITERS. 


27 

spared no pains to perfect himself. He perused the ancient 
charges, revised the constitution, and honoured them with 
his sanction. The example of the sovereign was followed 
by many of the nobility. The King presided over the 
lodges, nominating William Wanefleet, Bishop of Win¬ 
chester, Grand Master. During his reign, the following 
colleges were built and founded : Magdalen College, Ox¬ 
ford ; King’s College at Cambridge, as also Christ College. 
Margaret of Anjou, his queen, founded Queen’s College, 
of the same place. 

About this time James I. of Scotland protected the Ma¬ 
sons ; who, after his return from captivity, became a zealous 
patron of the art. He presided in the lodges. His office 
entitled him to regulate every thing in the fraternity, which 
could not come under the jurisdiction of the courts, and to 
prevent litigations* amongst brethren, both master and ma¬ 
son, builder and founder, appealed to him, or in his absence 
to his Deputy, or Grand Warden, whose residence was 
nearest to the parties. 

The following state of the order was considerably inter¬ 
rupted by the civil war then raging between the houses of 
York and Lancaster, which brought it almost entirely into 
neglect. Under the auspices of Robert Beauchamp, Bishop 
of Samm, in 1471, who had been appointed G. M. by Ed¬ 
ward IV., it revived. He repaired the. castle and chapel 
at Windsor, for which he was honoured with the title of 
Chancellor of the Garter. During the reigns of Edward V. 
and Richard III. it again declined, but ftme again in repute 
on the accession of Henry VII., in 1485. It was then 
patronised by the master and fellows of the order of St. 
John of Rhodes, (now Malta,) who, at a Grand Lodge 
meeting in 1500, chose Henry for their protector. On the 


* How desirable would it be, if Masons had recourse to the Grand 
Master, instead of petty litigations amongst brethren. 


28 


OPINION OF MODERN WRITERS. 


24th of June, 1502, a lodge of masters was formed in the 
palace, at which the King presided as G. M.; and after 
appointing his wardens, proceeded in great state to West¬ 
minster Abbey, where the foundation stone was laid of that 
excellent piece of Gothic architecture, called Henry the 
VII.’s Chapel. The cape stone of this building was cele¬ 
brated in 1507. The following noble structures were all 
finished in this reign : The Palace of Richmond, the Col¬ 
lege of Brazen-nose in Oxford, as also Jesus and St. John’s 
College in Cambridge. 

Cardinal Wolsey was appointed G. M. by Henry VIII., 
who built Hampton Court, White Hall, Christ Church Col¬ 
lege, Oxford, and several other noble edifices, all of which 
upon the disgrace of that prelate in 1530, were forfeited to 
the crown. Wolsey was succeeded in 1534 by Thomas 
Cromwell, Earl of Essex, who employed the fraternity in 
building St. Janies’ Palace, Christ Hospital, and Greenwich 
Castle. Cromwell, who was beheaded in 1540, was suc¬ 
ceeded by John Touchet, who built Magdalen College in 
Cambridge. In 1547, the Duke of Somerset became Su- 
pcrintendant of Masons, who built Somerset House, in the 
Strand, London, which stands the admiration of the present 
generation. 

The Duke of Somerset was succeeded by John Poynet, 
Bishop of Winchester, who presided over the Lodges until 
the death of the King in 1553. The Craft then remained 
some time without a patron, until the reign of Elizabeth, 
when Sir Thomas Sackville became G. M. A curious 
circumstance happened during her reign, which certainly 
merits a passing notice. 

Hearing that the Masons usually held their lodges at York 
and that they were in possession of many secrets, which 
under no circumstances they ever revealed, and besides 
being jealous of all secret,assemblies, she sent an armed 
force to break up their assemblies. The design was pre® 


OPINION OF MODERN WRITERS. 


29 


vented by the interposition of Sackville, the G. M., who 
took care to initiate some of the officers whom she sent on 
this duty, in the secrets of the order. They made such 
favourable reports to the queen, that her orders were coun¬ 
termanded, and she never attempted afterwards to disturb 
their meetings. In 1567, Sir Thomas Sackville resigned 
the grand mastership in favour of Francis Russell, Earl of 
Bedford, and Sir Thomas Gresham. The former took 
charge of the brethren in the north, while the latter super¬ 
intended the meetings at the south, where the society aug¬ 
mented considerably, owing to the favourable reports made 
to the queen. All records were kept at York, where all 
appeals were made before the general assembly. 

On the 7th of June, 1566, Sir Thomas Gresham appeared 
publicly in his capacity as G. M., and laid the foundation 
stone, with great solemnities, of the Royal Exchange, 
London. This edifice was completed in November, 1567. 
Queen Elizabeth opened the same in person, on which occa¬ 
sion the queen dined with the G. M. She was now more 
than ever satisfied that the fraternity of Masons did not 
interfere in state affairs; she became reconciled to their 
meetings, and from this time Masonry made great progress. 

Several great works were carried on, under the supervi¬ 
sion of Sir Thomas Gresham, who was succeeded as G. 
M. by Charles Howard, Earl of Effingham, who continued 
to preside until the year 1558, when George Hastings was 
chosen G. M., and remained in office till the decease of the 
queen in 1603. 

During the reign of James the First, Masonry flourished 
in the kingdom. About this time, the celebrated Inigo 
Jones was appointed General Surveyor to the king. lie 
was named G. M. of England, and was deputed by the 
king to preside over all the Lodges. Several learned men 
became members of the fraternity, which caused the society 
to increase in numbers as well as in reputation. Under the 

3 * 


80 


OPINION OF MODERN WRITERS. 


direction of the present G. M. many magnificent structures 
were raised ; he was employed by command of the king to 
plan a new palace at White Hall. He continued in office 
until 1618, when he was succeeded by the Earl of Pembroke, 
under whose auspices the order flourished. 

During the reign of Charles the First, Henry Danvers, 
Earl of Danby, became G. M. in 1630. He was succeeded 
in 1633 by Thomas Howard, Earl of Arundel, the ancestor 
of the Norfolk family. In 1635, Francis Russell, Earl of 
Bedford, succeeded him, and continued in his office until 
1646. In Charles the Second’s reign, who became Patron 
of the order, Masonry revived, having previously been ob¬ 
structed by the civil wars ; during his reign, on the 27th 
December, 1663, a general assembly was held, when Henry 
Jernyu, Earl of St. Albans, was elected G. M., who ap¬ 
pointed John Denham his deputy, Mr. Christopher Wren 
(afterwards the celebrated Sir Christopher Wren) and John 
Webb, his wardens. At this assembly, many useful regu¬ 
lations for the better government of the Lodges were made, 
and the greatest harmony prevailed among the craft. In 
1666, the Earl of St. Albans was succeeded by Earl Rivers, 
who appointed Sir Christopher Wren his deputy, and dis¬ 
tinguished himself more than any of his predecessors in 
promoting, not alone the prosperity of the Lodges, but the 
general welfare and reputation of the craft, but more espe¬ 
cially St. Paul’s Lodge, now the Lodge of Antiquity: he 
presented them with three magnificent candlesticks, which 
are still preserved, as also the mallet used by Charles the 
First, in 1673, at the laying of the foundation stone of St. 
Paul’s church, which had been destroyed during the great 
fire which destroyed London. 

In 1674, Earl Rivers resigned his Grand Mastership in 
favour of George Villiers, Duke of Buckingham, who left 
the care of the fraternity to his wardens and Sir Christo¬ 
pher Wren, who continued to act as his deputy. In 1679, 
Rivers resigned in favour of Henry Bennett, Duke of Ar- 


OPINION OF MdDERN WRITERS. 31 

lington, during whose term of office many noblemen joined 
the order. 

In 1685, Sir Christopher Wren became G. M., and not¬ 
withstanding the celebrity of this architect, Masonry de¬ 
clined until the year 1695, when King William was initi¬ 
ated into its mysteries, who honoured the Lodges with his 
presence, and presided in the one held in Hampton Court. 
Many of the nobility were present, in particular at a gene¬ 
ral assembly, in 1697, when Charles, Duke of Richmond 
and Lenox, was elected G. M. for that year; the next year 
he resigned his office in favour of Sir Christopher Wren, 
who continued in office till the death of King William, in 
1702. 

During the reign of Queen Anne, Masonry declined, 
owing to Sir Christopher’s age and infirmities ; the festi¬ 
vals were neglected, and the number of Masons diminished, 
when it was determined that the privileges of Masonry should 
not alone be confined to operatives, but that people of all 
professions should be admitted to participate in them, pro¬ 
vided they were approved previous to their initiation. 

The society during the reign of George the First rose in 
esteem ; the lodges then in existence met at the Apple Tree 
Tavern in Charles street, Covent Garden, London, consti¬ 
tuting themselves into a Grand Lodge pro tempore, where 
they agreed to renew the quarterly communications, and at 
the annual meeting Mr. Anthony Sayer was elected G. M. 
He was invested by the oldest Master Mason of the oldest 
lodge present, who had due homage paid him by the fraternity. 
In 1718 Mr. Sayer was succeeded by Mr. George Payne, 
who collected many valuable manuscripts on the subject of 
Masonry, and requested the brethren to bring to the Grand 
Lodge any old writings or records concerning the fraternity, 
to show the ancient usages, and see that none of the land¬ 
marks had been infringed, which throughout many genera¬ 
tions had never been deviated from. At this assembly 



32 


OPINION OF MODERN WRITERS. 


several Gothic records were produced. Oil the 24th of 
June, 1719, at the annual communication, Dr. Desaguliers 
was unanimously elected G. M. At this festival the regular 
toasts were introduced; and from this time we may date 
the progress of Masonry on its present plan in England. 
In 1720 the fraternity met with an irreparable loss by 
the burning of many valuable manuscripts. This was 
done by some scrupulous brethren, who became unne¬ 
cessarily alarmed at the publication of the Masonic Consti¬ 
tution. 

The fraternity was, as before stated, divided into two 
different governments; the one in the north, the other in 
the south of England. The greatest harmony, however, 
prevailed, and many persons were initiated into the myste¬ 
ries of the order. The only distinction between the two 
grand lodges was, that those of the north bore the title of 
Grand Lodge of all England, while the other was only 
called the Grand Lodge of England. 

In the year 1723, under the Grand Mastership of the 
Duke of Buccleugh, who succeeded the Duke of Wharton, 
the noble project originated, the scheme of raising a general 
fund for distressed Masons. A committee was appointed to 
mature a plan to carry the scheme into execution. 

The disposal of the funds was vested in twelve masters 
of contributing lodges, who in rotation, with some of the 
grand officers, should form a committee of charity, who 
were to meet four times a year, or whenever a case of exi¬ 
gency should require, at the discretion and command of the 
G. M. The petitions of distressed brethren were then con¬ 
sidered, and if found worthy, a sum of five guineas was 
immediately granted. Should the necessities of .a distressed 
worthy brother require further relief, at a subsequent meet¬ 
ing twenty guineas were granted. Thus the distresses of a 
brother found always ready relief from this general charity 
fund, which is supported by the voluntary contributions of 


GENERAL REGULATIONS. 


33 


the different lodges, out of their private funds, without being 
burthensome to any member in particular. 

Thus was the charity fund of the Grand Lodge esta¬ 
blished, which has its existence up to this day in every 
country. And so liberal have its contributions at all times 
been, that although the sums yearly expended have been 
great, the excellent management of these funds always left 
plenty in its coffers to alleviate the distresses of the worthy 
distressed brother, his widow or orphans. 

The two Grand Lodges of England remained under 
separate governments until the 27th of December, 1813, 
when a happy union took place, and all differences healed, 
under the auspices of his Royal Highness, Prince Augustus 
Frederick, Duke of Sussex, who was elected and pro¬ 
claimed Grand Master of the United Grand Lodge of 
Ancient Free Masons of England, and who continues in 
his office up to the present day. 


GENERAL REGULATIONS. 

Extract from a work written in 1772, by the R. TV. D . 

G. M ., Laurence Dermott. 

In the first place, when you intend to be made a Free 
Mason, go with your friend to the lodge and desire him to 
show you the warrant or dispensation by which the lodge 
is held, which you will find to be an instrument printed or 
written on parchment, and signed by the Right Worshipful 
Grand Master, his Deputy, Wardens, Grand Secretary and 
Treasurer, and sealed with the Grand Lodge Seal, consti¬ 
tuting and appointing certain persons therein named, and 
their successors, as Master and Wardens with power to 
congregate and hold a lodge at a certain place, and therein 



34 


GENERAL REGULATIONS. 


make and admit Free Masons, according to the ancient cus¬ 
tom of the craft, well known in all ages and nations through¬ 
out the whole world, with power to nominate and choose 
their successors ; without such an authority no regular lodge 
can be in operation. After satisfying yourself as to the 
genuineness of this document, you have a right to call for 
and peruse the by-laws, to consider whether your natural 
disposition will incline you to be conformable to them. 
Next you may look at the list of the members, where you 
may find the names of your intimate and most esteemed 
friends, or perhaps the names of such (other of your 
acquaintances) as you would not choose to associate with; 
when at the perusal of the list of members of another 
lodge you may find a greater number of your acquaint¬ 
ances. You will very naturally ask, when you see an objec¬ 
tionable name on the list of the members of some of the 
lodges, by what means such an individual got admittance 
into a society which boasts of so much honor and virtue as 
to rank themselves with kings and princes ? To this I 
answer, that often a sufficient scrutiny had not been taken 
by the committees who have in charge the application of 
every candidate as regards his standing and moral character; 
while others, who have stood the test of strict investiga¬ 
tions, behaved well for years, and afterwards fell into all 
manner of vices, which serves to show the instability and 
weakness of human beings, and that all the doctrine of 
laws upon earth, without the grace of God, is not suffi¬ 
cient to make men wise, or deter them from evil. Never¬ 
theless, in the system of Free Masonry, there are many 
ways to mend the manners, polish the disposition, correct 
the judgment, and refine the taste of a soul virtuously 
inclined. And as the number of wise and good Free 
Masons have always, and I trust shall ever, exceed that of 
the foolish and wicked, it would be as absurd to condemn 
the whole for parts, as it would be in the Israelites to 


GENERAL REGULATIONS. 


35 


condemn Shem and Japhet for the curse brought upon Ham, 
or the Christians to condemn the eleven apostles because 
Judas turned traitor. But this is not altogether the busi¬ 
ness of a guide, and I resume my proper character, and 
earnestly desire you to shun Mason clubs; that is to say, 
lodges formed without such an authority as described, for 
you may rest fully assured that such clubs are generally 
composed of excluded members, or persons clandestinely 
made by them, and consequently incapable of giving proper 
instructions to their pupils. Or, admit them capable of 
giving proper instructions, even then the new brethren will 
be led in the dark, because it is the interest of the rebel 
party to conceal the essentials of the craft, which if revealed 
must of course prove themselves to be villains. Therefore, 
m order to avoid falling into such hands, I entreat you to 
have no communication with any lodge or set of men under 
the denomination of a Free Masons Lodge, until they pro¬ 
duce the Grand Master’s authority, signed and sealed as 
before described. But having produced such authority to 
the satisfaction of your friend, who it is presumed to be 
well versed in such matters, you may then enter in the 
name of God, where you will be made acquainted with 
mysteries which are not permitted to be revealed here. 
And if, after such entrance or admission you find that I 
have misled you, I give you full liberty to expose me as a 
blind guide; but if experience teach you that my instruc¬ 
tions (as well as my intentions) were just, then I hope you 
will do me the honor of calling me a faithful brother. And 
that the God of all light and truth, (who is the giver of all 
good gifts and graces) may bless, prosper, and direct you, 
in all your public and private (lawful) undertakings, is my 
hearty and sincere prayer. 


GENERAL REGULATIONS OF ANCIENT 
YORK MASONS. 


SECTION I. 

Article 1.—The Grand Master, or his Deputy, hath 
authority and right, not only to be present in any true 
lodge, but also to preside wherever he is, with the Master 
of the Lodge on his left hand, and to order his Grand 
Wardens to attend him, who are not to act in particular 
lodges as Wardens, but in his presence, and at his com¬ 
mand ; because there the Grand Master may command the 
Wardens of that Lodge, or any other brethren he pleaseth, 
to attend and act as his Wardens ; pro tempore. 

Article 2. —The Master of a particular lodge has the 
right and authority of congregating the members of his 
lodge into a chapter at pleasure, upon any emergency or 
occurrence, as well as to appoint the time and place of 
their usual forming. And in case of sickness, death, or 
necessary absence of the Master, the Senior Warden shall 
act as Master pro tempore , if no brother is present who 
has been Master of that lodge before; for in that case, 
the absent Master’s authority, reverts to the last Master 
then present; though he cannot act until the said Senior 
Warden has once congregated the lodge, or in his absence, 
the Junior Warden. 

Article 3. —The Master of each particular lodge, or 
one of the Wardens, or some other brother by his order, 
shall keep a book containing their by-laws, the names of 
their members, with a list of all the lodges in town, and 
the usual times and places of their forming, and all their 
transactions that are proper to be written. 

36 



GENERAL REGULATIONS. 


37 


Article 4. —No lodge shall make more than fiye new 
brethren at one time, nor any man under the age of 
twenty one years, who must be also his own master; 
unless by a dispensation from the Grand Master or his 
Deputy. 

Article 5. —No man can be made, or admitted a 
member of a particular lodge, without previous notice 
one month before given to the said lodge, in order to 
make due inquiry into the reputation and capacity of the 
candidate ; unless by the dispensation aforesaid. 

Article 6 . —But no man can bo entered a brother in 
any particular lodge, or admitted to be a member thereof, 
without the unanimous consent of all the members of 
that lodge, then present, when the candidate is proposed, 
and their consent is formally asked by the master; and 
they are to signify their consent, or dissent, in their own 
prudent way, either virtually, or in form, but with 
unanimity. Nor is this inherent privilege subject to a 
dispensation ; because the members of a particular lodge, 
are the best judges of it; and if a fractious member 
should be imposed on them, it might spoil their harmony, 
or hinder their freedom ; or even break and disperse the 
lodge ; which ought to be avoided by all good and true 
brethren. 

Article 7. —Every new brother at his making, is 
decently to clothe the lodjre, that is, all the brethren 
present, and to deposite something for the relief of in¬ 
digent and decayed brethren, as the candidate shall think 
fit to bestow, over and above the small allowance stated 
by the by-laws of that particular lodge, which charity 
shall be lodged with the Master or Wardens, or the 
Cashier, if the members think fit to choose one. (This 
part of Article 7 is generally commuted.) 

4 


38 


GENERAL REGULATIONS. 


And the candidate shall also solemnly promise to sub¬ 
mit to the constitution, the charges, and regulations, and 
to such other good usages as shall be intimated to them 
in time and place convenient. 

Article 8.—No set or number of brethren shall with¬ 
draw or separate themselves from the lodge in which they 
were made brethren, or were afterwards admitted mem¬ 
bers, unless the lodge becomes too numerous ; nor even 
then, without a dispensation from the Grand Master or his 
Deputy : and when they are thus separated, they must 
either immediately join themselves to such other lodge as 
they shall like best, with the unanimous consent of that 
other lodge to which they go (as above regulated) or else 
they must obtain the Grand Master’s warrant, to join in 
forming a new lodge. 

If any set or number of Masons, shall take upon them¬ 
selves to form a lodge, without the Grand Master’s war¬ 
rant, the regular lodges are not to countenance them, nor 
own them as fair brethren, and duly formed, nor approve, 
of their acts and deeds ; but must treat them as rebels 
until they humble themselves, as the Grand Master shall 
in his prudence direct, and until he approve of them by 
his warrant, which must be signified to the other lodges, 
as the custom is when a new lodge is to be registered in 
the list of lodges. 

Article 9.—But if any brother so far misbehave 
himself, as to render his lodge uneasy, he shall be twice 
duly admonished by the Master and Wardens in a formed 
lodge; and if he will not refrain his imprudence, and 
obediently submit to the advice of the brethren, and re¬ 
form what gives them offence, he shall be dealt with 
according to the by-laws of that particular lodge, or else 
in such a manner as the quarterly communication shall in 
their great prudence think fit; for which a new regulation 
may be afterwards made. 


GENERAL REGULATIONS. 


39 


Article 10.—The majority of every particular lodge, 
when congregated, shall have the privilege of giving 
instructions to their Master and Wardens, before the 
assembling of the Grand Chapter, or Lodge at the three 
quarterly communications hereafter mentioned, and of the 
Annual Grand Lodge too ; because their Master and War¬ 
dens, are their representatives, and are supposed to speak 
their minds. 

Article 11.—All particular lodges are to observe the 
same usages as much as possible ; in order to which, and 
for cultivating a good understanding among Free Masons, 
some members out of every lodge shall be deputed to 
visit the other lodges, as often as shall be thought con¬ 
venient. 

Article 12.—The Grand Lodge consists of, and is 
formed by the Masters and Wardens of all the regular 
particular lodges upon record, with the Grand Master at 
their head, and his Deputy on his left hand, and the 
Grand Wardens in their proper places. 

These must have their Quarterly Communications or 
monthly meetings and adjournments, as often as occasion 
requires, in some convenient place, as the Grand Master 
shall appoint, where no brother shall be present, who is 
not a member thereof, without permission, and while he 
stays, he shall not be allowed to vote, nor even give his 
opinion, without leave of the Grand Lodge, asked and 
given, or unless it be duly asked by the said Lodge. 

All matters are to be determined in the Grand Lodge 
by a majority of votes, each member having one vote, and 
the Grand Master having two votes, unless the said Lodge 
leave any particular thing to the determination of the 
Grand Master, for the sake of expedition. 

Article 13.—At the said quarterly communication, all 


40 


GENERAL REGULATIONS. 


matters that concern the fraternity in general, or par¬ 
ticular lodges, or single brethren, are quietly, sedately, 
and maturely to be discoursed of and transacted. Ap¬ 
prentices must be admitted Masters, and Fellow Craft, 
only here, unless by a dispensation. 

Here also all differences, that cannot be made up and 
accommodated privately, nor by a particular lodge, are to 
be seriously considered and decided. And if any brother 
thinks himself aggrieved by the decision of this board, he 
may appeal to the annual Grand Lodge next ensuing, and 
leave his appeal in writing, with the Grand Master, or his 
Deputy, or the Grand Wardens. 

Here also the Master or the Wardens of each particular 
lodge shall bring and produce a list of such members as 
have been made, or even admitted in their particular 
lodges, since the last communication of the Grand Lodge ; 
and there shall be a book kept by the Grand Master, or 
his Deputy, or rather by some brother whom the Grand 
Lodge shall appoint for Secretary, wherein shall be re¬ 
corded all the lodges, with their usual times and places 
of forming, and the names of all the members of each 
lodge ; and all the affairs of the Grand Lodge that are 
proper to be written. 

They shall also consider of the most prudent and 
effectual methods of collecting and disposing of what 
money shall be given to, or lodged with them in charity, 
towards the relief only of any true brother fallen into 
poverty or decay, but of none else. But every particular 
lodge shall dispose of their own charity for poor brethren, 
according to their own by-laws, until it be agreed by all 
the lodges (in a new Regulation) to carry in the charity 
collected by them to the Grand Lodge, at the quarterly 
or annual communication, in order to make a common stock 
of it, for the more handsome relief of poor brethren. 

They shall also appoint a Treasurer, a brother of good 
worldly substance, who shall be a member of the Grand 


GENERAL REGULATIONS. 


41 


Lodge by virtue of his office, and shall be always present, 
and have power to move to the Grand Lodge anything, 
especially what concerns his office. 

To him shall be committed all money raised for charity, 
or for any other use of the Grand Lodge, which he shall 
write down in a book, with the respective ends and uses 
for which the several sums are intended; and shall 
expend or disburse the same by such a certain order 
signed, as the Grand Lodge shall afterwards agree to in a 
new regulation. But by virtue of his office, as Treasurer, 
without any other qualification he shall not vote in 
choosing a Grand Master and Wardens though in every 
other transaction. 

In like manner the Secretary shall be a member of the 
Grand Lodge by virtue of his office, and vote in every¬ 
thing except in choosing Grand Officers. 

The Treasurer and Secretary shall have each a clerk, 
who must be a brother and a Master Mason, but never 
must be a member of the Grand Lodge, nor speak without 
being allowed or desired. 

The Grand Master or his Deputy shall always command 
the Treasurer and Secretary with their clerks and books, 
in order to see how matters go on, and to know wffiat is 
expedient to be done upon any emergent occasiou. 

Another brother, who must be a Master Mason, should 
be appointed to look after the door of the Grand Lodge, 
but shall not be a member of it. 

But these offices may be farther explained by a new 
regulation, when the necessity and expediency of them 
may more appear than at present to the fraternity. 

Article 14.—If at any Grand Lodge, stated or occa¬ 
sional, monthly, quarterly, or annual, the Grand Master 
and his Deputy should be both absent, then the present 
Master of a Lodge, that has been the longest a Free Ma¬ 
son, shall take the chair, and preside as Grand Master 

4 * 


42 


GENERAL REGULATIONS. 


pro tempore ; and shall be vested with all his power and 
honour for the time ; provided there is no brother present 
that has been Grand Master formerly, or Deputy Grand 
Master ; for the last Grand Master present, or else the 
last Deputy present, shall always of right take place in 
the absence of the present Grand Master and his Deputy. 

Article 15. —In the Grand Lodge none can act as 
Wardens, but the Grand Wardens themselves, if present; 
and if absent, the Grand Master, or the person who pre¬ 
sides in his place, shall order private' Wardens to act as 
Grand Wardens pro tempore , whose places are to be sup¬ 
plied by two Master Masons of the same lodge, called 
forth to act, or sent thither by the particular Master 
thereof; or if by him omitted, then they shall be called 
by the Grand Master, that so the Grand Lodge may be 
always complete. 

Article 16. —The Grand Wardens, or any others, are 
first to advise with the Deputy about the affairs of the 
Lodge, or of the brethren, and not to apply to the Grand 
Master without the knowledge of the Deputy, unless he 
refuse his concurrence in any certain necessary affair; in 
which case, or in case of any difference between the 
Deputy, and the Grand Wardens, or other brethren, both 
parties are to go by concert to the Grand Master, who can 
easily decide the controversy and make up the difference 
by virtue of his great authority. 

The Grand Master should receive no intimation of 
business concerning Masonry, but from his Deputy first, 
except in such cases as his worship can well judge of; for 
if the application to the Grand Master be irregular, he 
can easily order the Grand Wardens, or any other 
brethren thus applying, to wait upon his Deputy, who is 
to prepare the business speedily, and lay it orderly before 
his Worship. 


GENERAL REGULATIONS. 


43 


Article 17.—No Grand Master, Deputy Grand Master, 
Grand Wardens, Treasurer, Secretary, or whoever acts 
for them, or in their stead, pro tempore, can at the same 
time be the Master, or Warden of a particular lodge ; but 
as soon as any of them has honourably discharged his 
Grand office, he returns to that post or station in his 
particular lodge, from which he was called to officiate 
above. 

Article 18.—If the Deputy Grand Master he sick, or 
necessarily absent, the Grand Master may choose any 
brother he pleases to be his Deputy pro tempore : but he 
that is chosen Deputy at the Grand Lodge, and the Grand 
Wardens too, cannot be discharged without the cause 
fairly appear to the majority of the Grand Lodge ; and the 
Grand Master, if he is uneasy, may call a Grand Lodge, 
on purpose to lay the cause before them, and to have their 
advice and concurrence : in which case, the majority of 
the Grand Lodge, if they cannot reconcile the Master and 
his Deputy, or his Wardens, are to concur in allowing the 
Master to discharge his Deputy, or his said Wardens, and 
to choose another Deputy immediately; and the said 
Grand Lodge shall choose other Wardens in that case, 
that harmony and peace may be preserved. 

Article 19.—If the Grand Master should abuse his 
power, and render himself unworthy of the obedience and 
subjection of the lodges, he shall be treated in a way and 
manner, to be agreed upon in a new regulation ; because 
hitherto the ancient fraternity have had no occasion for it, 
their former Grand Masters having all behaved themselves 
worthy of that honourable office. 

Article 20.—The Grand Master, with his Deputy and 
Wardens, shall (at least once) go round and visit all the 
lodges about town, during his Mastership. 


44 


GENERAL REGULATIONS. 


Article 21.—If the Grand Master die during his Mas¬ 
tership, or by sickness, or by being beyond sea, or any 
other way should Ife rendered incapable of discharging his 
office, the Deputy, or in his absence, the Senior Grand 
Warden, or in his absence the Junior, or in his absence, 
any three present Masters of lodges, shall join to con¬ 
gregate the Grand Lodge immediately, to advise together 
upon that emergency, and to send two of their number, to 
invite the last Grand Master to resume his office, which 
now in course reverts to him ; or if he refuse, then the 
next last, and so backward : but if no former Grand Mas¬ 
ter can be found, then the Deputy shall act as principal, 
until another is chosen, or if there be no Deputy, then 
the oldest Master. 

Article 22.—The Grand Lodge must meet in some 
convenient place on St. John the Evangelist’s day, in 
every year, in order to proclaim the new or recognise the 
old Grand Master, Deputy, and Grand Wardens. When 
St. John’s day happens to be on a Sunday, then meetings 
of the lodges shall be on the next Monday. 

Article 23.—If the present Grand Master shall con¬ 
sent to continue a second year; then one of the Grand 
Lodge, deputed for that purpose, shall represent to all the 
brethren his Worship’s good government, &c., and turning 
to him, shall, in the name of the Grand Lodge, humbly 
request him to do the fraternity the great honour of con¬ 
tinuing to be their Grand Master for the year ensuing ; 
and his Worship declaring his consent thereto, in manner 
he thinks proper, the Grand Secretary shall thrice pro¬ 
claim him aloud—Grand Master of Masons. And all the 
members of the lodge shall salute him in due form. 

Article 24.—But if the Master and Wardens shall not 
consent to serve another year, then the present Grand 


GENERAL REGULATIONS. 


45 


Master shall nominate his successor for the ensuing year, 
who, if unanimously approved of by the Grand Lodge, 
and if then present, he shall be proclaimed, saluted, and 
congratulated the new Grand Master as above hinted, and 
immediately installed by the last Grand Master according 
to usage. 

Article 25.—But, if that nomination is not unan¬ 
imously approved, the new Grand Master shall be chosen 
immediately by ballot, and if present, shall be proclaimed, 
saluted, and congratulated, as before hinted, and forth¬ 
with installed by the last Grand Master, according to 
usage. 


Article 26. —The last Grand Master, thus continued, 
or the new Grand Master thus installed, shall next nomi¬ 
nate, and appoint his Deputy Grand Master, either the 
last or a new one, who shall be also declared, saluted, and 
congratulated in due form. 

The new Grand Master shall also nominate the new 
Grand Wardens, and if unanimously approved by the 
Grand Lodge, shall be declared, saluted, and congrat¬ 
ulated, as above, but if Dot, they shall be chosen by 
ballot, in the same manner as the Grand Master ; as the 
Wardens of private lodges are also to be chosen by ballot, 
in each lodge if the members thereof do not agree to their 
Masters nomination. 

Article 27.—But if the brother whom the present 
Grand Master shall nominate for his successor, or whom 
the majority of the Grand Lodge shall choose by ballot, 
is by sickness, or other necessary occasion, absent from 
the Grand Lodge, he cannot be proclaimed the new Grand 
Master, unless the old Grand Master, or some of the 
Masters, and Wardens of the Grand Lodge can vouch, 
upon the honour of a brother, that the said person, so 


46 


GENERAL REGULATIONS. 


nominated or chosen, will readily accept of the said office ; 
in which case the old Grand Master shall act as proxy, 
and shall nominate the Deputy and Wardens in his name, 
and in his name also, receive the usual honours, homage, 
and congratulations. 

Article 28.—Every Grand Lodge has an inherent 
power and authority to make new regulations, or to alter 
these for the real benefit of the ancient fraternity ; pro¬ 
vided, always, that the old landmarks be carefully 
preserved, and that such alterations, and new regulations, 
be proposed and agreed to by the Grand Lodge, and that 
they be submitted to the perusal of all the brethren in 
writing, whose approbation and consent, or the majority 
thereof, is absolutely necessary to make the same binding 
and obligatory. 


CONSTITUTIONS. 


CHAPTER I. 

OF THOSE WHO WOULD BE FREE AND ACCEPTED MASONS. 

Before we enter upon the duties of the operative Mason, 
in the various stations to which he may be called in a Lodge, 
it is necessary that some acccount should be given of what 
is absolutely requisite in all who aspire to partake of the 
honours of those who are duly initiated into the mysteries, 
and instructed in the art of ancient Masonry. 

Section I. 

OF GOD AND RELIGION. 

Whoever, from the love of knowledge, and a desire to 
^advance the interest of his fellow creatures (but not through 
curiosity or self-interest) desires to be a Mason, is to know 
that, as his foundation and corner-stone, he is firmly to be¬ 
lieve in the existence of a Supreme Being, who will be the 
judge of our actions, and reward us according to merit, to 
pay him that worship and veneration which is due to him, 
as the Great Architect of the Universe. 

A M ason must, therefore, observe the moral law; and if 
he properly understands the fundamental rules of our order, 
he will never be an atheist or an irreligious libertine, and 
will never act against that great inward monitor, his own 
conscience. 

47 



48 


CONSTITUTIONS. 


He will likewise shun the gross errors of bigotry and 
superstition; making a due use of his own reason, accord¬ 
ing to that liberty wherewith a Mason is made free; for al¬ 
though in ancient times, Masons were charged to comply 
with the religious opinions and usages of the country or na¬ 
tion where they sojourned or worked, yet it is now most 
expedient that the brethen in general should only be charged 
to adhere to the essentials of religion, in which all men 
agree ; leaving each brother to his own judgment as to par¬ 
ticular forms, or as his own conscience might dictate. 
Whence it follows, that all Masons are, or ought to be, good 
men and true, men of honour and honesty, by whatever re¬ 
ligious names or persuasions distinguished ; always follow¬ 
ing that golden rule, of “doing unto all men (as upon a 
change of condition) they would that others should do unto 
them then the order cannot fail in becoming the centre 
of union, and the only means of conciliating true friend 
ship, and cementing into one body, those who might other¬ 
wise have remained at a perpetual distance ; thereby strength¬ 
ening and not weakening the divine obligations of Religion 
and Love . 


Section IT. 

OF GOVERNMENT AND THE CIVIL AUTHORITY. 

Whoever would be a true Mason, is also to be made 
acquainted that, by the rules of the order, his obligations as 
a subject and citizen will not be relaxed, but enforced. He 
is to be a lover of quiet, peaceable and obedient to the civil 
powers, which yield him protection, and are set over him 
where he resides or works, never to be concerned in plots 
against the state or government to whom he owes allegiance, 
or be disrespectful to the magistrate in the execution of his 
duties, because the welfare of his country ought to be his 
only object. 


CONSTITUTIONS. 


49 


Bat if any brother, by forgetting for a time the rules of 
the order, and listening to evil counsels, should unhappily 
fall into a contrary conduct, he is not to be countenanced in 
his crimes or rebellion ; but by such conduct forfeits all 
claims and benelits of the society, and his fellows will refuse 
to associate or converse with him in private, while he con¬ 
tinues in his guilt; that no offence may be given to lawful 
government. But such a person is still considered as a 
Mason, his character as such being indefeasible; and hopes 
are to be entertained, that the rules of the craft may again 
prevail with him, over every evil counsel and device that 
may have led him astray. 

From this quiet and meek temper of true Masons, and 
their constant desire to adorn the countries where they re¬ 
side with all useful arts, sciences, and improvements, they 
have been, from the earliest ages, encouraged and protected 
by the wisest rulers of states and commonwealths, who 
have likewise thought it an honour to have their names en¬ 
rolled among the fraternity. And thus Masonry, having 
flourished most- in the peaceable times of every country, 
and having often suffered in a particular manner through 
the calamities of war, bloodshed and devastation, the Ma¬ 
sons are therefore the more strongly engaged to act agree¬ 
able to the fundamental principles of their art, in following 
•peace and love, as far as practicable with all men. 

Religious and political discussions have often occasioned 
discord amongst the nearest relations, and an animosity been 
fostered, from a difference in such belief, which time could 
hardly obliterate; Masons are therefore enjoined to permit 
every brother to enjoy his own particular religious and poli¬ 
tical belief, and to banish such topics either in conversation 
or discussion from within the walls of the Lodge. 

5 






50 


CONSTITUTIONS. 


Section III. 

OF PRIVATE DUTIE3. 

Iii regard to yourself, whoever would be a Mason, should 
know how to practise all the private virtues. He should 
avoid all manner of intemperance or excess, which might 
obstruct his performance of the laudable duties of the order, 
or lead him into crimes which would reflect dishonour upon 
the fraternity. He is to be industrious in his profession, 
and true to the lord and master he serves. He is to labour 
justly, and not to eat any man’s bread for nought; but to 
pay truly for his meat and drink. What leisure his labour 
allows, he is to employ in studying the arts and sciences 
with a diligent mind, that he may the better perform all his 
duties as aforesaid, to his creditor, his neighbour and himself. 
For in a few words “ To walk humbly in the sight of God, 
to do justice and love mercy,” are the true and indispensa¬ 
ble characteristics of a real free and accepted Mason. 

For the better attainment of these qualities, he is to seek 
and acquire, as far as possible, the virtues of patience, 
meekness, self-denial, forbearance, and the like, which 
give him the command over himself, and enable him to 
govern his own family with affection, dignity and prudence, 
at the same time checking every disposition injurious to 
the world, and promoting that love and harmony which 
brethren of the same household owe to each other. There¬ 
fore, to afford relief to the unfortunate, to divide our bread 
with the distressed poor, and to put the misguided traveller 
into the right path, are qualities inherent to the craft, and 
suitable to its dignity. But, though a Mason is never to 
shut his ear unkindly to the complaints of any of the human 
species, yet when a brother is oppressed or suffers, he is in 
a more peculiar manner called to open hi& whole soul in 


CONSTITUTIONS. 


51 


love and compassion to him, and to relieve without preju¬ 
dice, according to his capacity. 

It is further necessary, that all who would be true 
Masons, should learn to abstain from all malice, slander 
and evil speaking, from all unmannerly, scornful, provok¬ 
ing, reproachful or ungodly language, keeping always a 
tongue of good report; and that he should know how to 
obey those who are set over him on account of their supe¬ 
rior qualifications as Masons, however inferior they may be 
in worldly rank or station. For although Masonry divests 
no man of his temporal honors, or titles, but on the con¬ 
trary highly respects them, yet, in the lodge, pre-eminence 
of virtue and knowledge in the art is considered as the true 
fountain of all nobility, rule and government. 

The last quality and virtue which it is necessary here to 
mention, and absolutely requisite to those who would be 
Masons, is that of secrecy , which, indeed, from its impor¬ 
tance, ought to have held the first place in this chapter, had 
1 not intended to treat of it more fully as a conclusion to this 
section. 

So great a stress is laid upon this particular quality or 
virtue, that it is enforced among Masons under the strongest 
penalties and obligations ; nor, in their esteem, is any man 
to be accounted wise, who is void of intellectual strength and 
ability sufficient to cover and conceal such honest secrets 
which are committed to his trust, as well as his own more 
serious affairs. Both sacred and profane history teaches us, 
that numerous virtuous attempts have failed of their intended 
scope and end through defect of secret concealment. 

The ancient philosophers were so fully persuaded of the 
great virtue of secrecy, that it was the first lesson which 
they taught their pupils and followers. Thus in the school 
of Pythagoras , we find it was a rule that every noviciate 
was to be silent for a time, and refrain from speaking, unless 
a question was asked, to the end that the valuable secrets 


52 


CONSTITUTIONS. 


which he had to communicate might be the better preserved 
and valued. Lycurgus made a perpetual law obliging 
every man to keep secret whatever was committed to him, 
unless it were to the injury of the state. And Cato , the 
.Roman Censor, told his friends, that of three things (if ever 
lie happened to be guilty) he always repented, viz. 1st, if 
he divulged a secret; 2dly, if he went on water when he 
might stay on dry land ; and 3dly, if he suffered a day to 
pass without doing (or endeavouring to do) some good. 
We are also informed, that the betraying of a secret (by the 
Persian law) was more grievously punished than any other 
crime. 

The virtue of secrecy is also recommended by the heathen 
philosophers and law givers, and the primitive fathers of the 
church. 

King Solomon deems the man unworthy to reign, or have 
any rule over others, who cannot command himself; and 
keep his own secrets. A discoverer of secrets he deems 
imfamous and a traitor; but him that conceals them, he ac¬ 
counts a faithful brother. “A tale bearer, says he, revealeth 
secrets ; but he that is of a faithful spirit concealeth them. 
Discover not a secret to another, lest he that heareth it put 
thee to shame, and thine infamy turn not away.” lie that 
keepeth his tongue, keepeth his own soul. 

The following beautiful passage, from Ecclesiasticus, 
chap. 27,1 have thought should come very appropriate here, 
and ought to be recorded in the heart of every true brother. 

“ Whosoever discovered secrets loseth his credit, and 
shall never find a friend to his mind. Love thy friend, and 
be faithful to him, but if thou betrayest his secrets, follow 
no more after him ; for as man hath destroyed his enemy, 
so hast thou lost the love of thy neighbour : as one that 
letteth a bird go out of his hand, so hast thou let thy neigh¬ 
bour go, and shall not get him again. Follow after him no 
more, lor he is too far oil; he is as a roe escaped out of 


CONSTITUTIONS. 


53 


the snare. As for a wound, it may be bound up, and after 
reviling there may be no reconcilement, but he that be - 
trayeth secrets , is without hope. 

Thus far I have attempted to explain the internal qualities 
and virtues required in all who aspire to the honour and 
advantage of becoming a free and accepted Mason. In 
addition to the external qualities here described, a strict 
attention to the following remarks are necessary. 

Section IV. 

PREREQUISITES. 

No person is capable of becoming a member of a Lodge 
unless (in addition to the above-mentioned qualities, or at 
least a disposition and capacity to seek and acquire them) 
he is also free born, of mature and discreet age, of good 
report, of sufficient natural endowments and the senses 
of a man, with an estate, office, trade, occupation, or some 
visible means of acquiring an honest livelihood, and'of 
working in his craft, as becomes members of this ancient 
and honourable fraternity, who ought not only to earn what 
is sufficient for themselves and family, but likewise some¬ 
thing to spare for acts of charity, and for supporting the 
ancient grandeur of the order. Every person desiring ad¬ 
mission must also be upright in person, not deformed or 
dismembered at the time of making, but of hale and entire 
limbs, as a man ought to be. 

No person ought to propose, in this ancient society, any 
person, through friendship or partiality, who does not pos¬ 
sess the moral and social virtues, a sound head and a good 
heart, and who has not an entire exemption from all those 
ill qualities and vices, which would bring dishonor on the 
order. 


5 * 


54 


CONSTITUTIONS. 


Section V. 

INSTRUCTIONS FOR TIIE CANDIDATE. 

A strict, though private and impartial inquiry will be 
made into your character and ability, before you can be 
admitted into any lodge ; and by the established rules of 
the order, (from which there is never any deviation) no 
friend who may wish to propose you can show you any 
favor in this respect. But if you have a friend who is a 
Mason, and is in every way satisfied in these various 
points and particulars, his next step is described in 

Section VI. 

OF PROPOSING CANDIDATES. 

Any individual desirous of being made a Free Mason, 
shall be proposed by a member of the lodge he intends to 
join, who shall present a petition signed by the candidate, 
stating bis age, profession, and residence, and any other 
requisitions which may be enjoined by the rules of the 
Grand Lodges under whose jurisdiction the lodge is held. 
It is required that such petition be recommended by two 
Master Masons, also members of said lodge, who ought to 
be personally acquainted with the candidate, or at least 
know enough about him to give a fair statement to any 
questions which any member of the lodge may propound to 
them. Such proposal shall always take place at a stated 
lodge night, and during lodge hours,* at least one month 
prior to initiation, in order that all present may have suffi¬ 
cient time and opportunity to make a strict inquiry into the 

* From 25th March to 25th Sept., between the hours of 7 and 10. 

“ 25th Sept, to 25th March, ilo do 6 and 9. 


CONSTITUTIONS. 


55 


morals, character, and circumstances of the'candidate; for 
which purpose a special committee is usually appointed ; 
although standing committees in some lodges have charge 
of all such petitions. It is to be regretted that in some 
lodges this custom prevails : it ought universally to be 
abolished, strict justice and impartiality require it. The 
recommending brethren are always excluded from such 
committees, in order that the investigation shall be just and 
impartial. 

The brother who proposes a candidate, shall at the same 
time deposit such a sum of money as the by-laws of the 
particular lodge may require, which is forfeited to the lodge 
if the candidate should not attend, according to his propo¬ 
sal, within a certain time, as stipulated by the by-laws, but 
is invariably to be returned to him, if he should not be 
approved or elected. In case of his approval or election, 
he is to pay, in addition to the deposit money, such further 
sum as the by-laws of the lodge require. 

Having shown that a strict scrutiny will be made into 
your character, justice requires that you should also be 
advised to be alike circumspect on your side, and to make 
inquiry into the character of the lodge and its members, for 
there is no excellence without its opposite. 

Section VII. 

THE CANDIDATE. 

Although I have partially explained the tenor of this sec¬ 
tion, in the General Regulations, page 33, justice to the can-. 
didate requires that he should be put in full possession of 
his rights and privileges. 

In the first place, he has a right before admission, to 
desire his friend who proposed him to show him the war¬ 
rant by whose authority the lodge is held, as also the list 
of the members, and perusal of the by-laws, by which he 


56 


CONSTITUTIONS. 


is to judge for himself whether he thinks proper to asso- 
ciate with them, and submit to be conformable to the by¬ 
laws. Being thus free to judge for himself, he may either 
withdraw, or if he thinks proper to continue the primary 
steps taken for his admission, he will find that he has no 
cause of regret for having been admitted into a society 
where he will meet with men of honor, be exercised in all 
the offices of brotherly love, and be made acquainted with 
mysteries which it is not my province here to describe, but 
which can be obtained by any brother who has the pre¬ 
scribed requisitions, and will pay due attention to the lec¬ 
tures which are explained in the lodge. He also ought to 
reflect in his own mind whether he could conscientiously 
subscribe the following queries, which in some lodges is 
required to be given before admission, signed by the candi¬ 
date in presence of two witnesses. 

“I, A. B., do seriously declare, upon my honour, that 
unbiassed by friends, and uninfluenced by unworthy mo¬ 
tives, I freely and voluntarily offer myself a candidate for 
the mysteries of Free Masonry ; that I am solely prompted 
by a favourable opinion preconceived of the institution, a 
desire of knowledge, and a sincere wish to render myself 
serviceable to my fellow creatures; and that I will cheer¬ 
fully conform to the established rules and customs of the 
order. 

Witness my hand, this-day of- 18—, 

A. B. 

C. 

E. 

Having in the foregoing chapter treated as briefly as pos¬ 
sible of the temper and qualifications of those who wish to 
become free and accepted Masons, I shall now proceed to 
collect and digest the regulations of a Lodge and its go¬ 
vernment. 


D. -> 

p Witnesses. 




CONSTITUTIONS. 


57 


CHAPTER II. 

* 

OF A LOl GE AND ITS GOVERNMENT. 

Section I. 

OF A LODGE.. 

A Lodge is a plane where Masons congregate and work; 
the assembly of such a body of Masons is called a Lodge, 
just as the word church or chapel is expressive both of the 
congregation of people, and of the place in which they 
meet for worship, and every brother ought to belong to one, 
and to he subject to its particular by-laws, and the rules of 
the G. L. under whose jurisdiction it is .situated. In ancient 
times, no brother could absent himself, especially when 
summoned to attend, without incurring a censure, until he 
could satisfy the Lodge that pure necessity, and not neglect, 
had been the cause of his absence. 


Section II. 

of officers and members in general. 

A Lodge ought to assemble for work at least once in 
every calendar month, or as often as the by-laws of each 
particular Lodge require; and must consist of one Master, 
two Wardens, Secretary, Treasurer, two Deacons, two 
Stewards, a Tyler, and as many members as the majority 
of the Lodge from time to time think proper; although 
more than forty or fifty, when they can attend regularly, are 
generally found inconvenient for working to advantage ; 
and therefore, when a lodge comes to be thus numerous, 
some of the ablest master workmen, and others under their 




58 


CONSTITUTIONS. 


direction, will obtain leave to separate, and apply to the 
Grand Lodge for a warrant to work by themselves, in order 
to the further advancement of the order. But such war¬ 
rant cannot be granted to any number of Masons, nor can 
a new Lodge be formed, unless there be among them three 
Master Masons, to be nominated and installed officers, for 
governing and instructing the brethren of such Lodge, and 
promoting them in due .time according to merit. 


Section III. 

OF THE MASTER, HIS ELECTION, OFFICE AND DUTY. 

Preferment among Masons depends on real worth and 
personal merit only, in order that the society may be well 
served, and the ancient order maintained. 

No brother should be elected to serve as master or pre¬ 
siding officer, until he has first served a Lodge in the capa¬ 
city of Warden ; unless in extraordinary cases, or when a 
new Lodge is formed, and no Pastmaster or former War¬ 
dens can be found among them. But three Master Masons, 
although they have not served in any offices, may, if well 
skilled in the art, be constituted Master and Wardens of 
such new Lodge, or of any old Lodge, in such cases as laid 
down by the rules and regulations of the Grand Lodge, 
under whose jurisdiction they are; it is a duty incumbent 
on the presiding officer, and in fact of every subordinate 
officer and member, to qualify themselves thoroughly for 
the offices they are called upon to fill, or to the work en¬ 
trusted to them. 

The Master of the Lodge shall be annually chosen by 
ballot,* on a stated meeting, of which each member ought 

* In some Countries the election takes place semi-annually, the rules 
of the G. L. and by-laws of the Lodge generally regulate this matter. 


CONSTITUTIONS. 


59 


to receive special notice ; a majority of the votes is ne¬ 
cessary for an election. In like manner, at the same time, 
the Lodge proceeds in the choice of all the other officers. 
Care ought to be taken that none be put in nomination for 
favour or affection, birth or fortune, except the consideration 
of real merit, and ability to fill the office. The Master of 
every regular Lodge duly elected and installed, ha§ it in 
especial charge, as appertaining to his office, duty and dig¬ 
nity, to see that the by-laws of his Lodge, as well as the 
general regulations of the Grand Lodge, be duly observed ; 
that his Wardens discharge their duty, and be examples of 
diligence to the fraternity; that true and exact minutes of 
the proceedings be made and kept by the Secretary ; that 
the Treasurer keep and render just accounts, at such times 
as the by-laws require it, and that all the property of the 
Lodge be taken proper care of, and no money expended 
unless by a legal vote of the Lodge. 

It is the special duty of the master, that no advancement 
be given in any degree, unless the brother has duly quali¬ 
fied himself in his former studies, always having a due 
regard to reward true merit. The master of every par¬ 
ticular Lodge has the right and authority of calling his 
Lodge, upon any emergency, which, in his judgment, may 
require their meeting; it is likewise his duty to attend the 
Grand Lodge at their communications or special meetings, 
whenever the welfare of the craft requires it, and when 
duly summoned by the Grand Secretary, and within rea¬ 
sonable distance of the place.of holding the Grand Lodge. 
When in the Grand Lodge, the Master has full autho¬ 
rity and power to represent his Lodge, and to transact all 
matters, as well and truly as if the whole body was 
present. 

It is the Master’s duty to see that all laws, enacted by 
the lodge and sanctioned by the Grand Lodge, be entered 
in a proper book, as also to have a correct list kept of all 


60 


CONSTITUTIONS. 


the members of the lodge. Other duties equally impor¬ 
tant can only be acquired by a constant attendance at the 
meetings of the lodges. 

© O 


Section IV. 

of the wardens of a lodge. 

None but Master Masons are eligible to the office of 
Wardens. The Senior Warden succeeds to all the duties 
of the Master, and fills the (hair when he is absent. If 
the Master goes abroad on business, resigns, or is deposed, 
the Senior shall fill his place until the next stated election. 
Although formerly it was customary in the absence of the 
Master, his authority reverted to the last Pastmaster, it is 
now however uniformly settled, that the authority devolves 
on the Senior Warden, and in his absence upon the Junior 
Warden. Generally, out of respect, the Wardens will 
honour a Pastmaster to preside, in which case, however, 
he still holds his authority under the Wardens. 

The business of the Wardens of the lodge is generally 
to assist the Master in conducting the business, and manag¬ 
ing the craft in due form and order. 


Section V. 

of tiie secretary of a lodge. 

The Secretary is an elective officer and chosen by ballot, 
lie shall keep a proper register or record of all transactions 
and proceedings of the meetings, which may be committed 
to writing: and which shall be faithfully entered on the 
minutes, in open lodge, and after being read, amended, if 
necessary, and ought to be approved of before the close of 
every meeting, in order that nothing might be put down 


CONSTITUTIONS. 


61 


that is not strictly correct, as well as to see that nothin? has 
been omitted, in order that the same may be presented to 
the Grand Lodge whenever required. He shall keep exact 
lists of the Christian and surnames of all the members of the 
lodge, as also their residences, with the date of their admis¬ 
sion and advancements ; and shall send to the Grand Secre¬ 
tary a copy of such lists whenever required, with all the 
expulsions, rejections, deaths and resignations, which have 
taken place since the last time reported, in order that the 
Grand Lodge may be at all times enabled to know the names 
of the members of each lodge under its jurisdiction ; as also 
he is to furnish tiie Grand Secretary with the names of all 
the officers who are elected, so that he may pay due respect 
to the brethren recommended by them. In some lodges he 
receives all monies due, paying them over to the Treasurer, 
from whom he is to take a receipt for the same. All war¬ 
rants drawn by the Master for the payment of any sum of 
money voted for by the lodge are attested with his signature. 

Section VI. 

of the treasurer of a lodge. 

The Treasurer is also an elective officer, chosen by ballot, 
having a majority of the votes. lie is to receive all monies 
due to the lodge, keeping correct entries of the same, and 
on no occasion to pay out any monies from the Treasury 
without the sanction of the lodge, on warrants drawn by the 
Master, and countersigned by the Secretary. His receipts 
and expenditures are to be regularly entered, and the vouch¬ 
ers always prepared, ready for examination, at such times 
as the Master of the lodge may call for the same, or the by¬ 
laws require. 

The Treasurer has likewise charge of all the furniture, 
jewels, and other property of the lodge, unless special 

6 


G2 


CONSTITUTIONS. 


committees or trustees have been appointed for that pur¬ 
pose. The warrant or charter alone is in the proper cus¬ 
tody of the Master. 


Section VII. 

OF THE DEACONS‘OF A LODGE. 

The Deacons are appointed officers at the pleasure of the 
Master. They are to assist the Master and Wardens in the 
execution of their duty, prepare candidates, and perform 
such other services as are assigned to them. 


Section VIII. 

OF THE STEWARDS OR MASTERS OF CEREMONIES. 


The Stewards are to provide refreshments, whenever 
required by a vote of the lodge, and make report of the 
expenses to the Treasurer. As the custom of having 
refreshments is nearly obsolete, the office of Stewards is 
abolished in most of the lodges, and superseded by the 
Masters of Ceremonies. 

Section IX. 

OF THE TYLER OF A LODGE. 

In order that due decorum be observed while the lodge is 
engaged in what is serious and solemn, and for the preser¬ 
vation of order, a brother, who has at least the degree of a 
Master Mason, is appointed and paid for tyling the outer 
door. 

His appointment he receives from the Master, although 
the emolument is either fixed by the by-laws or custom. 


CONSTITUTIONS. 


G3 


A brother is usually preferred to whom the fees of the 
oflice are an object. As his station always brings him in 
contact with visiters, many of whom must of course be 
strangers, it is recommended that the person so appointed 
should be of pleasing manners, and give every information 
(consistent with his duty) to the visiting brethren. 


Section X. 

. OF THE NUMBER TO BE INITIATED. 

No more than five new members can at any time be 
made, nor can any person be made or admitted in a lodge, 
without being proposed at least one lodge night previous to 
his introduction, unless in case of emergency, or by a dis¬ 
pensation obtained in due form from the Grand Master, or 
the proper authority. Due notice must be given to all the 
members for the necessary inquiries to be made into the 
candidate’s character. 


Section XI. 

PRIVILEGES OF LODGES. 

The majority of every lodge when duly met, have the 
privilege of instructing their representatives respecting 
any particular object or vote in the Grand Lodge. It is 
customary for lodges who are at a great distance from the 
place where the meetings of a Grand Lodge is held, to 
appoint a brother who is to be a Past-Master, as their proxy 
to the Grand Lodge, to vote in their behalf. He is to be 
furnished with a certificate of such an appointment, under 
the seal of the lodge, and the signature of the Master and 
Wardens ; which, if approved of by the Grand Lodge, he 


64 


CONSTITUTIONS. 


is permitted to take his seat as proxy for su3h a lodge 
which he represents. 

All lodges which cease to meet regularly for twelve sue- 
cessive months, without a dispensation Irom the proper 
authority, its charter shall be void. 


CHAPTER III. 

OF THE BEHAVIOUR OF MASONS, AS MEMBERS OF A 

LODGE. 

Section I. 

OF ATTENDANCE. 

Every brother ought to belong to some regular lodge, 
and should always appear therein at the time of opening, 
(of which he always receives notice,) properly clothed, and 
in clean decent apparel, subjecting himself always to the 
by-laws and the general regulations. He ought to attend 
all meetings, whether regular or special, (when duly sum¬ 
moned) unless he can offer such a plea of necessity as the 
laws and regulations require. 

All members of a lodge, who are not in arrears or under 
censure, have a right to vote ; but no brother can be a mem¬ 
ber of more than one lodge under the same jurisdiction. 


Section II. 

OF WORKING. 

All Masons should work faithfully, at such hours ap¬ 
pointed by the rules of the lodge, and approved by the 
Grand Lodge. The usual hours are from “seven o’clock 



CONSTITUTIONS. 


65 


in the evening, until ten, between the 25th of March and 
the 25th of September; and from six until nine, between 
the 25th of September and the 25th of March. 

The Master and Wardens shall faithfully finish all the 
regular work of the lodge, nor shall any brother envy 
another’s prosperity, nor supplant him out of his work, if 
capable of finishing it. 

All brethren shall weekly receive their wages, without 
murmuring ; avoiding all unbecoming modes of expression, 
calling each other brother, or by such title as the lodge has 
honoured him with, and with that courtesy which should 
characterize Masons. It is also a duty incumbent on every 
brother who has the capacity, and whose leisure time will 
permit, to instruct the younger brethren, in order that in 
the course of time they may become expert workmen, that 
the lodge may have honour and profit thereby. 


Section III. 

OF BEHAVIOUR IN THE LODGE WHILE OPEN. 

While the Lodge is open for work, Masons must hold 
no private conversations or be assembled in committees, 
without leave from the master, nor converse of any thing 
foreign or impertinent to the work in hand, nor interrupt 
the Master or Wardens, or any brother addressing himself 
to the chair; nor act ludicrously while the Lodge is en¬ 
gaged in what is serious and solemn ; every brother shall 
pay due reverence to the Master and Wardens, and all the 
brethren. 

Every brother found guilty of a fault, after due and im¬ 
partial trial, shall stand to the award ot the Lodge ; from 
which he has a right to an appeal to the Grand Lodge, 
whose decision shall be final and compulsory. 

No private piques, or quarrels about nations, families, 
6 * 


G6 


CONSTITUTIONS. 


religions or politics, must be brought within the doors of 
the Lodge, as being directly contrary to the rules laid down. 
Masons ought to reflect, that all men being created by the 
Great Architect of the Universe, are members of the great 
human family ; a firm belief in the existence of one Su¬ 
preme Being, before whom we shall all, at some future day, 
have to account for our actions in this sublunary world, and 
receive the just rewards and punishments of our actions ; 
this being the universally acknowledged religion, we ought 
to know no distinctions of particular religious sects, but to 
reflect that we are bound to live upon the square with each 
other, following the footsteps of our predecessors in culti¬ 
vating peace, harmony, and good fellowship, without dis- 
tinction of sect or political party. 


Section IV. 

OF BEHAVIOUR AFTER TIIE LODGE IS CLOSED. 

When the Lodge is closed, and the labours are finished, 
the brethren, before they depart to their respective homes 
to rest, may enjoy themselves with innocent mirth, enli¬ 
vened and exalted with their own peculiar ceremonies and 
songs, but avoiding all excess or compulsion, either in eat¬ 
ing or drinking; considering each other, in the hours of 
labour as well as festivity, as always free; and, therefore, 
no brother is to be hindered from going home when he 
pleases, for although after Lodge hours Masons are as other 
men, yet, if they should fall into excess, the blame (though 
unjustly) may be cast upon the fraternity , by the ignorant 
and those who seek opportunities to vent their hatred and 
malice against the existence of the society . 


CONSTITUTIONS, 


G7 


CHAPTER IV. 

CONCERNING THE BEHAVIOUR OF MASONS IN THEIR 

PRIVATE CHARACTER. 

Section I. 

WHEN A NUMBER OF BRETHREN HAPPEN TO MEET, WITHOUT 
ANY STRANGERS AMONG THEM, AND NOT IN A FORMAL LODGE. 

9 

In such a case, you are to salute each other in a courteous 
manner as you are or may be instructed in the Lodge; 
calling each other brother, and freely communicating bints 
of knowledge, but without disclosing secrets, unless to those 
who have long given proof of their taciturnity and honour; 
taking care, in all your actions and conversations, that you 
are neither overseen nor overheard by strangers. In such 
friendly intercourse, no brother shall derogate from the 
respect due to another were he not a Mason. For though 
all Masons, as brothers, are upon the level, yet Masonry 
(as I have remarked in a former section) divests no man of 
the honours due to him before, or that may become due 
after, he was made a Mason. On the contrary, it increases 
his respect, teaching us to add to all his honours those 
which, as Masons, we cheerfully pay to an eminent ‘bro¬ 
ther; distinguishing him above all his rank and station, and 
serving him readily according to our ability. 

Section II. 

WHEN IN THE PRESENCE OF STRANGERS, WIIO ARE NOT MASONS. 

Before those who are not Masons, you cannot he too cau¬ 
tious of your words, carriage and motions ; so that the most 
penetrating stranger shall not be able to discover what is 


(58 


CONSTITUTIONS. 


not proper to be intimated. The impertinent and ensnaring 
questions, or ignorant and idle discourse, of those who seek 
to pry into the secrets and mysteries committed to your 
charge, must be prudently answered and managed, or the 
discourse widely diverted to another subject, as discretion 
or duty shall direct 


Section III. 

WHEN AT HOME AND IN YOUR NEIGHBOURHOOD. 

Masons ought to be moral men, and fully qualified, as is 
required in the foregoing sections. Consequently, they 
should be good husbands, good parents, good sons, and good 
neighbours; not staying too long from home, avoiding all 
excess injurious to themselves or families, and wise as to 
all affairs, both of their own household and of the Lodge, 
for reasons best known to themselves. 


Section IV. 

OF BEHAVIOUR TOWARDS A FOREIGN BROTHER OR STRANGER. 

You are cautiously to examine a stranger, or foreign bro¬ 
ther, as prudence and the rules of the craft direct, in order 
not to be imposed upon by a pretender ; and if you disco¬ 
ver any one to be such, you are to reject him with scorn 
and shame,* taking care to give him no hints. But 
such as are found to be true and faithful, you are to respect 
as brethren, relieving them, if in want, to your utmost 


* This injunction may seem uncharitable, but when it is considered 
that the secrets of Masonry are open to all men of probity and honour, 
well recommended, an illegal intruder, who could wish to obtain that 
to which he has no claim, and to deprive the public charity of a small 
pittance at his admission, deserves no better treatment. 


CONSTITUTIONS. 


G9 

power, without injuring the wants of those who have n 
prior claim on your beneficence, directing them where to 
find relief, and employing them if you can, or else recom¬ 
mending them to obtain employment, in preference to those 
who are not Masons.* 


Section V. 

OF BEHAVIOUR TOWARDS A BROTHER, WHETHER PRESENT OR 

ABSENT. 

Free and accepted Masons have ever been charged to 
avoid all manner of slandering and backbiting of all true 
and faithful brethren, with all malice and unjust resentment, 
or talking disrespectfully of a brother’s person or perform¬ 
ance. Nor must they sutler any others to spread unjust 
reproaches or calumnies against a brother in his absence, 
nor to injure him in his fortune, occupation or character; 
but they shall defend such a brother, and give him notice 
of any danger or injury wherewith he may be threatened, 
to enable him to escape the same, as far as is consistent 
with honour, prudence, the safety of religion, morality and 
the laws of the country ; but no farther. 

Section VI. 

CONCERNING DIFFERENCES AND LAWSUITS, IF ANY SUCH 
SHOULD UNHAPPILY ARISE AMONG BRETHREN. 

If a brother do you injury, or if you have any difference 
with him about any worldly or temporal business or interest, 

* On this principle, unfortunate captives in war, and sojourners acci¬ 
dentally cast on a distant shore, are particular objects of attention, 
and seldom fail to experience indulgence from Masons; and, what is 
very remarkable, there has not been one instance of a breach of fidelity 
or ingratitude where that indulgence has been extended. 


70 


CONSTITUTIONS. 


apply first to your own or his Lodge, to have the matter in 
dispute adjusted by the brethren. And if either party is 
not satisfied with the decision of the Lodge, an appeal may 
be carried to the Grand Lodge ; and it is recommended 
never to enter into a lawsuit, unless the matter has been 
previously submitted to your Masonic brethren. In case it 
is a matter which wholly concerns Masonry, lawsuits are 
to be entirely avoided, and the good advice of prudem breth¬ 
ren is to be followed, as they are the best referees of such 
differences. 

But where references are either impracticable or unsuc¬ 
cessful, and courts of law or equity must at last decide, the 
general rules of the order must still be followed ; avoiding 
all wrath, malice, rancour, and personal ill will in carrying 
on the suit with a brother; neither saying nor doing any 
thing to hinder the continuance of that brotherly love and 
friendship which are the glory and cement of our ancient 
and honourable fraternity. 

Thus shall we show to all the world the benign influence 
of Masonry, as wise, true, and faithful brethren before us, 
have done from the beginning of time. 

O O 

These regulations, and many others which shall be given 
to you (in a way that cannot be written,) you are strictly 
and conscientiously to follow ; and that they may be the 
better observed, they should often be perused by every 
intelligent brother; and at the discretion of the Master, 
(whenever time will permit,) be read, for the information 
and instruction of every brother in a Lodge. 


CONSTITUTIONS. 


71 


CHAPTER V. 

OF GRAND LODGES IN GENERAL. 

* 1 

A Grand Lodge consists of the Masters and Wardens, 
and all Pastmasters* of the regular lodges within its juris¬ 
diction, with the following officers: The Grand Master, 
Deputy Grand Master, Grand Wardens, Deacons, Trea¬ 
surer, Secretary, Grand Pursuivant, Marshal, Sword 
Bearer, Chaplain, and other necessary officers, as will 
be explained in its proper place, all of whom must be 
Master Masons. 

No officers of any new lodge are acknowledged as mem¬ 
bers of the Grand Lodge, until such new lodge is first regu¬ 
larly constituted, and registered in accordance with the 
established rules. 

All Past Grand Masters, are considered as members of, 
and admitted to vote in, the Grand Lodge. 

It is customary for all members attending the Grand 
Lodge, to wear the jewels they are entitled to in their subor¬ 
dinate lodges, and take such seats as custom has established. 

All brethren, of the degree of a Master Mason, are per¬ 
mitted to be present at the meetings of the Grand Lodge, 
upon motion, or leave asked and given; but such brother, 
thus admitted, shall have no vote, nor be allowed to speak 
to any question, without leave, or unless desired to give his 
opinion. 

The Grand Lodge meets usually four times a year, at 
stated periods, or at such other times as the Grand Master 
thinks it necessary. 

All matters in the Grand Lodge are determined by a 
majority of votes, each member having one vote; the 

* So long only af? they continue members of a subordinate lodge. 


CONSTITUTIONS’. 


72 

Grand Master, on an equality of votes, has the right of 
the casting vote. 

The business of the Grand Lodge, whether at quarterly 
communications or other meetings, is to receive the reports 
of the various committees, and seriously to consider the 
same ; all expenditures must originate in that body by appro¬ 
priations ; transact and settle all matters that concern the 
prosperity of the fraternity in general ; also, at stated 
periods, reports from all the lodges under its jurisdiction, 
with the number of admissions, rejections, deaths, resigna¬ 
tions, and expulsions, which have taken place since the last 
yearly meetings. It also takes cognizance of all appeals, 
from brethren of subordinate lodges, who have been unable 
to heal their differences, and which are here referred to a 
proper committee, to be by them mutually heard, con¬ 
sidered, and reported upon at the next ensuing meeting, or 
sooner, if necessity require despatch. 

The Grand Master, by virtue of his oflice, has full power 
and authority to confer the degrees of Masonry on any one 
in his presence, in the Grand Lodge, or in whatever other 
place he thinks proper: provided he is accompanied by the 
Grand Secretary, who in such case must make a minute of 
the proceedings in the minute book of the Grand Lodge;* 
but no individual can be made a Mason without first being 
proposed and submitted to the established rules of the sub¬ 
ordinate lodges, unless by a dispensation from the proper 
authorities. 

The Grand Lodge, at their meetings, shall consider the 
most prudent and effectual means of collecting and manag¬ 
ing the funds, which cannot be disbursed except on vouch¬ 
ers, signed by the Grand Master, and countersigned bv the 
►Secretary. 

* This, however, does not admit him as a member of any particular 
lodge, unless he has been regularly ballotted for 


CONSTITUTIONS. 


73 


Section II. 

OF THE ELECTION OF THE GRAND MASTER. 

The Grand Lodge must meet in some convenient place 
in order to elect new or re-appoint old officers, and such 
election or re-appointment shall be made in such season 
that the Grand Lodge may be completely organised, and 
duly prepared for the celebration of the Annual Feast in 
June, and other important business of the season. 

The election shall be made either by holding up of 
hands or by ballot, as may be agreed by the majority, on 
motion made and seconded for that purpose; provided 
always, that the brother recommended by the Grand Mas¬ 
ter in office, as his successor, be the first voted for, either 
by holding up of hands or by ballot, and if he is not 
chosen, the other candidates in the order they were pro¬ 
posed, until one has the majority of voices or ballots. 
When the election is thus made, he is to be proclaimed, 
installed, and saluted, if present; but if not present, a 
day is to be appointed for this ceremony. 

The ceremony of installing the new Grand Master, is 
to be conducted by the last Grand Master; but he may, 
nevertheless, order any brother well skilled in the cere¬ 
mony to assist him, or to act as his Deputy on the occasion. 
In case the new Grand Master, when nominated or chosen, 
cannot attend at the time appointed for his installation, he 
may be installed by proxy, on signifying his acceptance 
of the office ; but such proxy must be either the last, or 
a former Grand Master, or else a very reputable Past 
Master. 


Section III. 

OF THE ELECTION OR APPOINTMENT OF THE DEPUTY G. M. 

The last Grand Master thus continued or a new Grand 
Master thus appointed and installed, hath an inherent 

7 


74 


CONSTITUTIONS. 


right to nominate and appoint the Deputy Grand Master; 
because, as the Grand Master cannot be supposed to be 
able to give his attendance on every emergency, it hath 
been always judged necessary, not only to allow him a 
Deputy, but that such Deputy should be a person in 
whom he can perfectly confide, and with whom he can 
have full harmony. 


Section IV. 

OF THE GRAND WARDENS. 

The Grand Lodge has the right of electing the Grand 
Wardens, and any member has the right to propose one or 
both the candidates, either the old Wardens, or new 
ones ; and the two persons who have the majority of votes 
or ballots, are declared duly elected. 

Section V. 

OF THE GRAND SECRETARY. 

The office of Grand Secretary hath become of great 
importance in the Grand Lodge. All the transactions of 
the lodge are to be drawn into form, and duly recorded 
by him. All petitions, applications, and appeals, are to 
pass through his hands. No warrant, certificate or instru¬ 
ment of writing from the Grand Lodge, is authentic 
without his attestation and signature, and his affixing the 
Grand Seal as the laws require. The general corres¬ 
pondence with lodges and brethren over the whole world, 
is to be managed by him, agreeably to the voice of the 
Grand Lodge, and directions of the Grand Master or his 
Deputy, whom he must, therefore, be always ready to 
attend, with the books of the lodge, in order to give all 
necessary information concerning the general state of 


CONSTITUTIONS. 


td 


matters, and what is proper to be done upon any emer¬ 
gency. 

For these reasons, at every annual election or appoint¬ 
ment of Grand officers, the nomination or appointment of 
the Graud Secretary has been considered as the right of 
the Grand Master, being properly his amanuensis, and an 
officer as necessary to him as his Deputy. But in 
America, Grand Masters not being tenacious of prerog¬ 
ative, have relinquished this privilege, and the Grand 
Secretary is chosen by nomination and vote of the Grand 
Lodge. 

The Grand Secretary by virtue of his office, is a 
member of the Grand Lodge, and may sit and vote 
accordingly. 

The Grand Secretary may have an assistant with the 
consent of the Graud Lodge : but he will not be con¬ 
sidered as a member, nor admitted to vote. 

Section VI. 

OF THE ELECTION AND OFFICE OF THE GRAND TREASURER. 

The Grand Treasurer is elected by the body of the 
Grand Lodge, in the same manner as the Grand Wardens *, 
he being considered as an officer peculiarly responsible to 
all the members in due form assembled, as having the 
charge of their common stock and property. To him is 
committed the care of all the money raised for the general 
charity, and other uses of the Grand Lodge ; an account 
of whieh he is regularly to enter in a book, with the 
respective uses for which the several sums are intended, 
lie is likewise to pay out, or expend the same upon such 
orders, signed as the rules of the Grand Lodge in this 
respect shall allpw to be valid. 

The Grand Treasurer, by virtue of his office, is a mem¬ 
ber of the Grand Lodge. He shall always be present in 


76 


CONSTITUTIONS. 


the Lodge, and ready to attend the Grand Master, and 
other Grand officers, with his books for inspection when 
required and likewise any committee that may be appointed 
for adjusting and examining his accounts. 

Section VII. 

OF THE GRAND TYLER, AND GRAND PURSUIVANT. 

-These officers of the Grand Lodge must be Master 
Masons, but none of them are members of the Grand 
Lodge. 

The Tyler’s duty is to attend at the door, to see that 
none but members enter into the Lodge. 

The business of the Pursuivant is to stand at the 
inward door of the Grand Lodge, and to report the names 
and titles of all that want admittance, as given to him by 
the Tyler. He is also to go upon messages and perform 
other services known in the Lodge. 

The Grand Deacons, whose duty is well known in the 
Grand Lodge, as particular assistants of the Grand Mas¬ 
ter, and Senior Warden, in conducting the business of the 
Lodge, are always members of the same ; and may be either 
nominated occasionally on every Lodge-night, or appointed 
annually. 


Section VIII. 

GENERAL RULES FOR CONDUCTING THE BUSINESS OF THE 
GRAND LODGE, IN CASE OF THE ABSENCE OF ANY OF 
THE GRAND OFFICERS. 

If the Grand Master is absent, at any meeting of the 
Grand Lodge, stated or occasional, the Deputy is to sup¬ 
ply his place. 

If the Deputy be likewise absent, the Senior Grand 
Warden takes the chair, and in his absence the Junior 
Grand Warden. All Grand officers, present and past, 


CONSTITUTIONS. 


take place of every Master of a Lodge, and the present 
Grand officers take place of all Past Grand officers. 
Nevertheless, any of them may resign their privilege, to 
do honour to an eminent brother and Past Master, whom 
the lodge may be willing to place in the chair on any 
particular occasion. 

If the Grand officers are not present at any Grand 
Lodge duly summoned, the Master of the Senior Private 
Lodge who may be present, is to take the chair, although 
there may be Masters of Lodges present, who are older 
Masons. 

But to prevent disputes, the Grand Master, w r hen he 
finds he must be necessarily absent from any Grand 
Lodge, usually gives a special commission, under his hand 
and seal of office, countersigned by the Grand Secretary, 
to the Senior Grand Warden, or in his absence to the 
Junior, or in case of absence of both, to any other Grand 
officer, or particular Master of a Lodge, past or present, 
to supply his place, if the Deputy Grand Master be 
necessarily absent. 

But if there be no special commission, the general rule 
is, that the Junior Grand Warden supplies the place of 
the Senior in his absence ; and if both are absent, the 
oldest former Grand Wardens take place immediately, and 
act as Grand Wardens, pro tempore , unless they resign 
their privilege. 

When neither the Grand Wardens of the present, nor 
of any former year are in company, the Grand Master 
or he that legally presides in his stead, calls forth whom 
he pleases to act as Deputy Grand Master and Grand 
Wardens, although the preference is generally given to 
the Master or Past Master of the oldest lodge present. 
The presiding Grand officer has the further privilege of 
appointing a Secretary or any other Grand officer, if 
neither the stated officers, nor the Deputies of such of 
them as have a right to nominate a Deputy, be present. 


78 


CONSTITUTIONS. 


In case of the death of a Grand Master, the same order 
of succession and precedency takes place, as is above set 
forth, until a new Grand Master is duly chosen and 
installed. 

Old Grand officers may be again chosen officers of pri¬ 
vate Lodges, and this does not deprive them of any of the 
privileges to which, as old Grand officers, they are entitled 
in the Grand Lodge; only, an old Grand officer, being the 
officer of a Private Lodge, must depute a Past officer of 
his particular Lodge to act for him in the Grand Lodge, 
when he ascends to his former rank in the same. 


Section IX. , 

OP GRAND VISITATIONS, COMMUNICATIONS, ANNUAL 
FEASTS, &C 

The Grand Master with his Deputy, the Grand War¬ 
dens, and Grand Secretary, shall if possible annually, go 
at least once round, and visit all the lodges under his 
jurisdiction: or, when this laudable duty becomes imprac¬ 
ticable, from the extent of his jurisdiction and large 
number of lodges, he shall, as often as necessary, and if 
possible annually, appoint visiters, of different districts, 
composed of his Grand officers, and such other assistants 
as he may think proper, who shall make faithful report of 
their proceedings to the Grand Lodge, according to 
the instructions given them. 

When both the Grand Masters are absent, the Senior or 
Junior Grand Warden may preside as Deputy in visiting 
lodges, or in constituting any new lodge. 

The brethren of all the regular lodges, in the same 
general jurisdiction and Grand communication, shall meet 
in some convenient place on St. John’s day to celebrate 
their festival; either in their own or any other regular 


CONSTITUTIONS. 


79 


lodge, as they shall judge most convenient. And any 
brethren who are found true and faithful members of the 
ancient craft, may be admitted, but only those who are 
members of the Grand Lodge must be present during the 
installation of the Grand officers. 


ENTERED APPRENTICE. 


The first lecture in Masonry is divided into three Sec¬ 
tions, and each Section in several clauses. Virtue is painted 
in the most beautiful colours, and the duties of morality 
properly inculcated. In it we are taught various useful 
lessons, to prepare the mind for a regular advancement in 
the principles of Philanthropy. They are imprinted ou 
the memory by lively and sensible hieroglyphical figures, 
which are here explained and which have a moral tendency, 
and inculcate the practice of virtue. 

SECTION I. 

The first Section consists of general heads, and is suited 
to all capacities. It ought to be studied by all who desire 
to rank as a Mason. It consists of useful rules, which, 
though short and simple, carry weight with them. Inde¬ 
pendent of communicating valuable knowledge, they qualify 
us to try and examine the rights of others to our privileges, 
while they prove ourselves. It also properly explains the 
mode of initiation in our noble order. 

Towards the close of the section is explained that pecu¬ 
liar ensign of Masonry, the lamb-skin , or white leather 
apron, which is an emblem of innocence, and the badge of 
a Mason ; more ancient than the golden fleece or Roman 
Eagle; more honourable than the star and garter, or any 
other order that could be conferred upon the candidate at 
that or any future period, by king, prince, potentate, or any 
other person, except he be a Mason ; and which every one 
80 







































































































































































- 




























































































































































ENTERED APPRENTICE. 81 

ought to wear with pleasure to himself, and honour to the 
fraternity. 

This section closes with an explanation of the working 
tools, which are, the twenty-four inch guage, and the 
common gavel. 

The twenty-four inch guage is an instrument used by 
operative masons to measure and lay out their work; but 
wo, as free and accepted Masons, are taught to make use 
of it for the more noble and glorious purpose of dividing 
our time. It being divided into twenty-four equal parts, is 
emblematical of the twenty-four hours of the day, which 
we are taught to divide into three equal parts; whereby are 
found eight hours for the service of God, and a distressed 
worthy brother; eight for our usual vocations; and eight 
for refreshment and sleep. 

The common gavel is an instrument made use of by 
operative masons to break off the corners of rough stones, 
the better to fit them for the builder’s use; but we, as free 
and accepted Masons, are taught to make use of it for the 
more noble and glorious purpose of divesting our hearts 
and consciences of all the vices and superfluities of life ; 
thereby fitting our minds, as living stones, for that spiritual 
building, that house not made with hands, eternal in the 
heavens. 


SECTION II. 

The second section rationally accounts for the ceremony 
of initiating a candidate into our ancient institution. 

THE BADGE OF A MASON. 

Every candidate, at his initiation, is presented with a 
lamb-shin or white * leather apron. 

* Masons, as one of their first principles, profess innocence; they put 
on white apparel, as an emblem of that character, which bespeaks purity 


82 


ENTERED APPRENTICE. 


The lamb has, in all ages, been deemed an emblem of 
innocence ; the lamb-skin is therefore to remind him of that 
purity of life and conduct, which is so essentially necessary 
to his gaining admission into the Celestial Lodge above, 
where the Supreme Architect of the universe presides. 

SECTION III. 

The third section explains the nature and principles of 
our Constitution. Here also we receive instructions rela¬ 
tive to the form , supports, covering , furniture , orna¬ 
ments , lights , and jewels of the lodge ; how it should be 
situated, and to whom dedicated. 

From east to west, and between north and south, Free 
Masonry extends ; and in every clime are Masons to be 
found. 

Our institution is said to be supported by Wisdom , 
Strength , and Beauty ; because it is necessary that there 
should be wisdom to contrive, strength to support, and 
beauty to adorn, all great and important undertakings. 

Its covering is no less than a clouded canopy, or a starry- 
decked Heaven, where all good Masons hope at last to 
arrive, by the aid of the theological ladder, which Jacob, 
in his vision, saw ascending from earth to heaven; the 
three principal rounds of which are denominated Faith , 
Hope, and Charity ; and which admonish us to have faith 
in Cod, hope in mortality, and charity to all mankind. 

of soul, guiltlessness, and being harmless. The apron with which we 
are clothed, indicates a disposition of innocence, and belies not the 
wearer’s heart. Let the ignorant deride and scoff on ; superior to the 
ridicule and malice of the wicked, we will enfold ourselves in the garb 
of our own virtue, and safe in self-approving conscience, stand unmovt 
amidst the persecutions of adversity. 

To be a true Mason, is to possess this principle: or the apparel which 
he wears is an infamy to the apostate, and only shows him forth to 
shame and contempt. 






























































































































































: 































' 






























ENTERED APPRENTICE. 


83 


The greatest of these is Charity ; for our Faith may be 
lost in sight; Hope ends in fruition; but Charity extends 
beyond the grave, through the boundless realms of eternity. 

Every well-governed lodge is furnished with the Holy 
Bible , the Square , and the Compasses. 

The Holy Bible is dedicated to God; the Square, to the 
Master ; and the Compasses, to the Craft. 

As more immediate guides for a Free Mason, the lodge 
is furnished with unerring rules, whereby he shall form his 
conduct. The book of the law is laid before him, that he 
may not say, through ignorance he erred ; whatever the 
great Architect of the world hath dictated to mankind, as 
the mode in which he would be served, and the path in 
which to tread is to obtain his approbation ; whatever pre¬ 
cepts he hath administered, and with whatever laws he hath 
inspired the sages of old, the same are faithfully comprised 
in the book of the law of Masonry. That book reveals 
the duties which the great master of all exadts from us; 
open to every eye, comprehensible to every mind; then 
who shall say among us that he knoweth not the accept¬ 
able service ? 

The Bible is dedicated to God, because it is the inestima¬ 
ble gift of God to man; the square to the master, because 
it is the proper Masonic emblem of his office ; and the 
compasses to the craft, because, by a due attention to their 
use, they are taught to circumscribe their desires, and keep 
their passions within due bounds. 

The Ornaments of a Lodge are the Mosaic pavement, 
the indented tessel, and the blazing star. The Mosaic 
pavement is a representation of the ground floor of King 
Solomon’s temple ; the indented tessel , that beautiful tes- 
selated border, or skirting, which surrounded it; and the 
blazing star in the centre, is commemorative of that Pro¬ 
vidence which continually surveys our actions. 

The Mosaic pavement is emblematic of human life. As 


84 


ENTERED APPRENTICE. 


the steps of man are trod in the various and uncertain inci¬ 
dents of life; as our days are chequered with a strange 
contrariety of events, and our passage through this existence, 
though sometimes attended with prosperous circumstances, 
is often beset by a multitude of evils; hence is the lodge 
furnished with Mosaic work, to remind us of the precari¬ 
ousness of our state on earth ; to-day, our feet tread in pros¬ 
perity ; to-morrow, we totter on the uneven paths of weak¬ 
ness, temptation, and adversity. Whilst this emblem is 
before us, we are instructed to boast of nothing; to have 
compassion, and give aid to those who are in adversity; to 
walk uprightly, and with humility; for such is this exist¬ 
ence, that there is no station in which pride can be stably 
founded—all men in birth and in the grave are on a level. 
Whilst we tread on this Mosaic work, let our ideas return 
to the original which it copies; and let every Mason act as 
the dictates of reason prompt him, to live in brotherly love. 
The beautiful border which surrounds this pavement, is 
emblematic of those manifold blessings and comforts which 
surround us, and which we hope to enjoy by a faithful reli¬ 
ance on Divine Providence, which is hieroglyphically 
represented by the blazing star in the centre. 

The moveable and immoveable Jewels also claim our 
attention in this section. 

The rough ashler is a stone as taken from the quarry in 
Its rude and natural state. 

The perfect ashler is a stone made ready by the hands 
of the workmen, to be adjusted by the working tools of the 
fellow craft. The trestle board is for the master workman 
to draw his designs upon. 

By the rough ashler , we are reminded of our rude and 
imperfect state by nature ; by the perfect ashler, that state 
of perfection at which we hope to arrive by a virtuous edu¬ 
cation, our own endeavours, and the blessing of God ; and 
by the trestle board , we are also reminded, that as the ope- 



















































































































































































































ENTERED APPRENTICE. 


85 


rative workman erects his temporal building agreeably to 
the rules and designs laid down by the master on his 
trestle board, so should we, both operative and speculative, 
endeavour to erect our spiritual building agreeably to the 
rules and designs laid down by the Supreme Architect of 
the universe, in the great Book of nature and revelation, 
which is our spiritual, moral, and Masonic trestle-board. 

Lodges were anciently dedicated to King Solomon, as it 
is said he was the first Most Excellent Grand Master: Yet 
Masons professing Christianity dedicate theirs to Saint 
John the Baptist, and Saint John the Evangelist, who 
were two eminent Christian patrons of Masonry ; and 
since their time, there is represented, in every regular and 
well-governed lodge, a certain point within a circle ,* em- 
bordered by two perpendicular parallel lines , representing 
St. John the Baptist, and St.John the Evangelist; and upon 
the top rests the Holy Scriptures. In going round this cir¬ 
cle, we necessarily touch upon these two lines, as well as 
the Holy Scriptures ; and while a Mason keeps himself 
circumscribed within their precepts, it is impossible that he 
should materially err. 

OF BROTHERLY LOVE. 

By the exercise of brotherly love, we are taught to regard 
the w T hole human species as one family; the high and low, 
the rich and poor; who, as created by one Almighty Pa¬ 
rent, and inhabitants of the same planet, are to aid, support, 
and protect each other. On this principle, masonry unites 
men of every country, sect, and opinion, and conciliates 
true friendship among those who might otherwise have 
remained at a perpetual distance. 

* This point represents an individual brother, the circle is the boun¬ 
dary line, beyond which he is never to suffer his prejudices or passions 
to betray him. 


8 


86 


ENTERED APPRENTICE. 


OF RELIEF. 

To relieve the distressed, is a duty incumbent on all men ; 
but particularly on Masons, who are linked together by an 
indissoluble chain of sincere affection. To soothe the 
unhappy, to sympathise with their misfortunes ; to compas¬ 
sionate their miseries, and to restore peace to their troubled 
minds, is the grand aim we have in view. On this basis 
we form our friendships and establish our connexions. 

OF TRUTH. 

Truth is a divine attribute, and the fountain of every vir¬ 
tue. To be good and true, is the first lesson we are taught 
in Masonry. On this theme we contemplate, and by its 
dictates endeavour to regulate our conduct: hence, while 
influenced by this principle, hypocrisy and deceit are 
unknown among us ; sincerity and plain dealing distinguish 
us ; and the heart and tongue join in promoting each other's 
welfare, and rejoicing in each other’s prosperity. 

Jin Explanation of the four Cardinal Virtues: which are 
Temperance, Fortitude , Prudence , and Justice . 

OF TEMPERANCE. 

Temperance is that due restraint upon our affections and 
passions, which renders the body tame and governable, and 
frees the mind from the allurements of vice. This virtue 
should be the constant practice of every Mason ; as he is 
thereby taught to avoid excess, or contracting any licentious 
or vicious habit, the indulgence of which might lead him to 
disclose some of those valuable secrets, which he has pro¬ 
mised to conceal and never reveal, and which would conse¬ 
quently subject him to the contempt and detestation of all 
good Masons. * * * * 












































































' 












































v 


































































































































ENTERED APPRENTICE. 


87 


OF FORTITUDE. 

Fortitude is that noble and steady purpose of the mind, 
whereby we are enabled to undergo any pain, peril, or dan¬ 
ger, when prudentially deemed expedient. This virtue is 
equally distant from rashness and cowardice; and, like the 
former, should be deeply impressed upon the mind of every 
Mason, as a safe-guard or security against any illegal attack 
that may be made, by force or otherwise, to extort from him 
any of those valuable secrets, with which he has been so 
solemnly intrusted, and which were emblematically repre¬ 
sented upon his first admission into the lodge. * * * * 

OF PRUDENCE. 

Prudence teaches us to regulate our lives and actions 
agreeably to the dictates of reason, and is that habit by 
which we wisely judge, and prudentially determine, on all 
things relative to our present as well as to our future happi¬ 
ness. This virtue should be the peculiar characteristic of 
every Mason, not only for the government of his conduct 
while in the lodge, but also when abroad in the world. It 
should be particularly attended to, in all strange and mixed 
companies, never to let fall the least sign, token, or word, 
whereby the secrets of Masonry might be unlawfully ob¬ 
tained. * * * * 

OF JUSTICE. 

Justice is that standard or boundary of right, which ena¬ 
bles us to render to every man his just due without distinc¬ 
tion. This virtue is not only consistent with divine and 
human laws, but is the very cement and support of civil 
society; and as justice in a great measure constitutes the 
real good man, so should it be the invariable practice of 


88 


ENTERED APPRENTICE. 


every Mason, never to deviate from the minutest principles 
thereof. * * * * 

The illustration of these virtues is accompanied with some 
general observations peculiar to Masons. Due veneration 
is also paid to our ancient patrons. 

Such is the arrangement of the different sections in the 
first lecture ; and comprehends the whole of the first degree. 
The whole is a regular system of morality, conceived in a 
strain of interesting allegory, which must unfold its beauties 
to the candid and industrious inquirer. 

CHARGE AT INITIATION INTO THE FIRST DEGREE. 

Brother, 

As you are now introduced into the first principles of 
Masonry, I congratulate you on being accepted into this 
ancient and honourable order; ancient, as having subsisted 
from time immemorial; and honourable, as tending, in 
every particular, so to render all men, who will be conform¬ 
able to its precepts. No institution was ever raised on a 
better principle, or more solid foundation; nor were ever 
more excellent rules and useful maxims laid down, than are 
inculcated in the several Masonic lectures. The greatest 
and best of men, in all ages, have been encouragers and 
promoters of the art; and have never deemed it derogatory 
to their dignity, to level themselves with the fraternity, 
extend their privileges, and patronize their assemblies. 
There are three great duties, which, as a Mason, you are 
charged to inculcate—to God, your neighbour, and yourself. 
To God, in never mentioning his name, but with that reve¬ 
rential awe which is due from a creature to his Creator; to 
implore his aid in all your laudable undertakings, and to 
esteem him as the chief good:—to your neighbour, in act¬ 
ing upon the square, and doing unto him as you wish he 
should do unto you :—and to yourself, in avoiding all irre- 


ENTERED APPRENTICE. 


89 


gularity and intemperance, which may impair your facul¬ 
ties, or debase the dignity of your profession. A zealous 
attachment to these duties, will insure public and private 
esteem. 

In the state, you are to be a quiet and peaceable subject, 
true to your government, and just to your country; you are 
not to countenance disloyalty or rebellion, but patiently sub¬ 
mit to legal authority, and conform with cheerfulness to the 
government of the country in which you live. In your out¬ 
ward demeanour, be particularly careful to avoid censure or 
reproach. 

Although your frequent appearance at our regular meet¬ 
ings is earnestly solicited, yet it is not meant that Masonry 
should interfere with your necessary vocations; for these 
are on no account to be neglected; neither are you to.suffer 
your zeal for the institution to lead you into argument with 
those who, through ignorance, may ridicule it. At your 
leisure hours, that you may improve in Masonic knowledge, 
you are to converse with well-informed brethren, who will 
be always as ready to give, as you will be ready to receive, 
instruction. 

Finally, keep sacred and inviolable the mysteries of the 
order; as these are to distinguish you from the rest of the 
community, and mark your consequence among Masons. 
If, in the circle of your acquaintance, you find a person 
desirous of being initiated into Masonry, be particularly 
attentive not to recommend him, unless you are convinced 
he will conform to our rules; that the honour, glory, and 
reputation of the institution may be finally established, and 
the world at large convinced of its good effects. 

The following beautiful explanations of the working 
tools will no doubt be duly appreciated by every Mason. 
The) r are from the pen of the R. W. Brother Dalclio : 

As the various tools and instruments, which we use in 
8 * 


90 


ENTERED APPRENTICE. 


the lodge, are all emblematical of the conduct which Free 
Masons should pursue in their intercourse with society, I 
shall, therefore, endeavour to explain to you such of them 
as we most frequently use. 

In a lodge of Masonry, the first object which deserves 
attention, is the Mosaic floor upon which we tread. It is 
intended to convey to our minds, the vicissitudes of human 
affairs, checkered with a strange contrariety of events. To¬ 
day, elevated with the smiles of prosperity : to-morrow, 
depressed by the frowns of misfortune. The precarious¬ 
ness of our situation, in this world, should teach us humi¬ 
lity, to walk uprightly and firmly upon the broad basis of 
virtue and religion, and to give assistance to our unfortunate 
fellow creatures who are in distress ; lest on some capri¬ 
cious turn of fortune’s wheel, we may become dependants 
on those who before looked up to us as their benefactors. 

The two emblematical pillars, erected in front of the 
porch of the temple, independent of the beauty which they 
added to the building, conveyed to the minds of those who 
entered, a knowledge of the attributes of that Being to 
whom it was dedicated. The literal translation of the 
name of the left pillar is, “ in thee is strengthand that 
of the right, “ it shall be established,” w r hich, as a learned 
author observes, may very naturally be transposed in this 
manner—“ 0 Lord, thou art mighty, and thy power is esta¬ 
blished from everlasting to everlasting.” The name of one 
of the pillars, as relating to a person, may give a different 
translation, which may be pointed out on some other occa¬ 
sion. 

The next object which demands attention, is the holy 
bible, with the square and compasses. .As these instru¬ 
ments remind us to keep our actions within the bounds of 
propriety, and to square them with all mankind, the sacred 
volume on which they lie, contains the unerring guide for 
our conduct through life, as it relates to our worship of the 


ENTERED APPRENTICE. 


91 


Supreme Master of the world, and our conduct to each 
other. For these reasons, the book of the divine law is 
never closed : “ it is open to every eye, and comprehensible 
to every mind.” 

The blazing star is the emblem of prudence, which is one 
of the emanations of the Deity, agreeably to the system of 
Basilides. It points out to Free Masons the path which 
leads to happiness, and is the sure source of self-approba¬ 
tion. It enlightens us through the dark and rugged paths 
of life, and enables us to shun the many obstacles which 
would impede our progress and embitter our journey with 
pain. 

The three great luminaries allude to the three Masonic 
degrees, and at the same time are emblematical of that 
effulgence which should illuminate the mind of a Free 
Mason, and which he can alone receive from a perfect 
understanding of the principles of the order. The white 
apron and gloves are also emblematical. They are not 
worn merely as insignia of the order, but as badges of that 
innate innocence, and purity of soul, which Free Masons 
should always possess ; and, in this point of view, they are 
more honorable distinctions than any order of knighthood 
which can be conferred. On being invested with these 
badges of innocence and humility, a Free Mason should 
firmly resolve to support that purity and integrity of heart, 
of which he outwardly wears the emblems. 

The rule, the square, and the compasses, are emblemati¬ 
cal of the conduct we should pursue in society. To observe 
punctuality in all our engagements, faithfully and religiously 
to discharge those important obligations, w^hich we owe to 
God, and our neighbour; to be upright in all our dealings ; 
to hold the scale of justice in equal poise; to square our 
actions by the unerring rule of God’s sacred word ; to keep 
within compass and bounds with all mankind, particularly 
with a brother ; to govern our expenses by our incomes ; to 


92 


ENTERED APPRENTICE. 


curb our sensual appetites; to keep within bounds those 
unruly passions which oftentimes interfere with the enjoy¬ 
ments of society, and degrade both the man and the Free 
Mason ; to recal to our minds, that in the great scale of 
existence, the whole family of mankind are upon a level 
with each other, and that the only question of preference 
among Free Masons should be, who is most wise, who is 
most good ? For the time will come, and none of us know 
how soon, when death, the great leveller of all human great¬ 
ness, will rob us of our distinctions and bring us to a level 
with the dust. 


ENTERED APPRENTICE’S SONG. 

Come let us prepare, 

We brothers that are, 

Assembled on every occasion ; 

Let’s drink, laugh, and sing. 

Our wine has a spring, 

Here’s a health to an accepted Mason. 

The world is in pain, 

Our secrets to gain, 

And still let them wonder and gaze on; 
Till they ’re brought to the light, 
They ’ll ne’er know the right 
Word or sign of an accepted Mason. 

’Tis this and ’tis that, 

They cannot tell what, 

Why so many great men of the nation 
Should aprons put on, 

To make themselves one, • 

With a free and accepted Mason. 

Great Kings, Dukes, and Lords, 
Have laid by their swords, 

Our mystery to put a good grace on; 





ENTERED APPRENTICE. 


93 


And thought themselves fam’d, 

To hear themselves named, 

With a free and accepted Mason. 

Antiquity’s pride, 

We have on our side, 

Which makes men just in their station ; 
There is naught but what’s good 
To be understood, 

By a free and accepted Mason. 

We ’re true and sincere, 

And just to the fair, 

They ’ll trust us on any occasion, 

No mortal can more, 

The ladies adore 

Than a free and accepted Mason. 

Then join hand in hand, 

By each brother firm stand, 

Let’s be merry and put a bright face on; 
What mortal can boast, 

So noble a toast, 

As a free and accepted Mason. 

(Thrice repeated in due form.) 


FELLOW CRAFT DEGREE. 


REMARKS ON THE SECOND DEGREE. 

Masonry is a progressive science, and is divided into dif¬ 
ferent classes, or degrees, for the more regular advancement 
in the knowledge of its mysteries. According to the pro¬ 
gress we make, we limit or extend our inquiries; and, in 
proportion to our capacity, we attain to a less or greater 
degree of perfection. 

Masonry includes within its circle almost every branch 
of polite learning. Under the veil of its mysteries is com¬ 
prehended a regular system of science. Many of its illus¬ 
trations, to the confined genius, may appear unimportant; 
but the man of more enlarged faculties will perceive them 
to be, in the highest degree, useful and interesting. To 
please the accomplished scholar, and ingenious artist. 
Masonry is wisely planned; and, in the investigation of 
its latent doctrines, the philosopher and mathematician may 
experience equal delight and satisfaction. 

To exhaust the various subjects of which it treats, would 
transcend the powers of the brightest genius; still, how¬ 
ever, nearer approaches to perfection may be made; and 
the man of wisdom will not check the progress of his abili¬ 
ties, though the task he attempts may at first seem insur¬ 
mountable. Perseverance and application remove each 
difficulty as it occurs; every step he advances, new plea¬ 
sures open to his view, and instruction of the noblest kind 
attends his researches. In the diligent pursuit of know¬ 
ledge, the intellectual faculties are employed in promoting 
the glory of God, and the good of man. 

94 



FELLOW CRAFT. 


95 


The first degree is well calculated to enforce the duties 
of morality, and imprint on the memory the noblest princi¬ 
ples which can adorn the human mind. It is therefore the 
best introduction to the second degree, which not only 
extends the same plan, but comprehends a more diffusive 
system of knowledge. Here, practice and theory join, in 
qualifying the industrious Mason to share the pleasures 
which an advancement in the art must necessarily afford. 
Listening with attention to the wise opinions of experienced 
craftsmen, on important subjects, he gradually familiarizes 
his mind to useful instruction, and is soon enabled to inves¬ 
tigate truths of the utmost concern in the general transac¬ 
tions of life. 

From this system proceeds a rational amusement; while 
the mental powers are fully employed, the judgment is pro¬ 
perly exercised. A spirit of emulation prevails; and all 
are induced to vie, who shall most excel in promoting the 
valuable rules of the institution. 

SECTION I. 

The first section of the second degree accurately eluci¬ 
dates the mode of introduction* into that particular class; 
and instructs the diligent craftsman how to proceed in the 
proper arrangement of the ceremonies used on the occasion. 
It qualifies him to judge of their importance, and convinces 
him of the necessity of strictly adhering to every established 
usage of the order. Here he is entrusted with particular 
tests, to enable him to prove his title to the privileges of 
this degree, while satisfactory reasons are given for their 
origin. Many duties, which cement in the firmest union 
well-informed brethren, are illustrated in this section ; and 
an opportunity is given to make such advances in Masonry, 


Judges: ch. 12, v. 4,5,6. 


9f) 


FELLOW CRAFT. 


as will always distinguish the abilities of those who have 
arrived at preferment. 

The knowledge of this section is absolutely necessary 
for all craftsmen ; and as it recapitulates the ceremony of 
initiation, and contains many other important particulars, no 
officer or member of a lodge should be unacquainted with it. 

Amos : vii. 7, 8. 

“ Thus he shewed me; and behold the Lord stood upon 
a wall made by a plumb line, with a plumb line in his hand. 
And the Lord said unto me, Amos, what seest thou ? And 
I said, A plumb line. Thus saith the Lord, Behold, I will 
set a plumb line in the midst of my people Israel: I will 
not again pass by them any more.” 

The plumb, square and level, those noble and useful 
implements of a Fellow Craft, are here introduced and 
moralized, and serve as a constant admonition to the prac¬ 
tice of virtue and morality. 

The Plumb, is an instrument made use of by operative 
masons, to raise perpendiculars, the square, to square their 
work, and the level, to lay horizontals ; but we, as free and 
accepted Masons, are taught to make use of them for more 
noble and glorious purposes: the Plumb admonishes us to 
walk uprightly in our several stations before God and man, 
squaring our actions by the Square of Virtue, and remem¬ 
bering that we are travelling upon the Level of Time, to 
“ that undiscovered country, from whose bourne no traveller 
returns.” 

SECTION II. 

The second section of this degree has recourse to the 
origin of the institution, and views Masonry under two 
denominations, operative and speculative. These are sepa¬ 
rately considered, and the principles on which both are 

































































































































































































































FALLOW fiWf'T. 


97 


founded, particularly explained. Their affinity is pointed 
out, by allegorical figures, and typical representations. The 
period stipulated for rewarding merit is fixed, and the inim¬ 
itable moral to vvhicfi that circumstance alludes is explained ; 
the creation of the world is described, and many particulars 
recited, all of which have been carefully preserved among 
Masons, and transmitted from one age to another, bv oral 
tradition. 

Circumstances of great importance to the fraternity are 
here particularized, and many traditional tenets and customs 
confirmed by sacred and profane record. The celestial and 
terrestrial globes are considered with a minute accuracy ; 
and here the accomplished gentleman may display his talents 
to advantage, in the elucidation of the Orders of Architec¬ 
ture , the Senses of human nature, and the liberal Arts and 
Sciences , which are severally classed in a regular arrange¬ 
ment. In short, this section contains a store of valuable 
knowledge, founded on reason and sacred record, both 
entertaining and instructive. 

Masonry is understood under two denominations; it is 
operative , and spemlative. 

OPERATIVE MASONRY. 

By operative masonry we allude to a proper application 
of the useful rules of architecture, whence a structure will 
derive figure, strength, and beauty, and whence will result 
a due proportion, and a just correspondence in all its parts. 
It furnishes us with dwellings, and convenient shelters from 
the vicissitudes and inclemencies of seasons ; and while it 
displays the effects of human wisdom, as well in the choice 
as in the arrangement of the sundry materials of which an 
edifice is composed, it demonstrates that a fund of science 
and industry is implanted in man for the best, most salutary, 
and beneficent purposes. 


9 


98 


FELLOW CRAFT. 


SPECULATIVE MASONRY. 

By speculative masonry, we learn to subdue the passions, 
act upon the square, keep a tongue of good report, maintain 
secresy, and practice charity. It is so far interwoven with 
religion as to lay us under obligations to pay that rational 
homage to the Deity, which at once constitutes our duty 
and our happiness. It leads the contemplative to view with 
reverence and admiration the glorious works of the crea¬ 
tion, and inspires him with the most exalted ideas of the 
perfection of his divine Creator. 

In six days God created the heavens and the earth, and 
rested upon the seventh day; the seventh, therefore, our 
ancient brethren dedicated as a day of rest from theii 
labours, thereby enjoying an opportunity to contemplate 
the glorious works of the creation, and to adore their great 
Creator. 

The doctrine of the spheres is included in the science of 
astronomy, and particularly considered in this section. 

The Globes are two artificial spherical bodies, on the 
convex surface of which are represented the countries, seas, 
and various parts of the earth, the face of the heavens, the 
planetary revolutions, and other particulars. 

The sphere, with the parts of the earth delineated on its 
surface, is called the terrestrial globe ; and that with the con¬ 
stellations, and other heavenly bodies, the celestial globe. 

Their principal use, besides serving as maps to distin¬ 
guish the outward parts of the earth, and the situation of 
the fixed stars, is to illustrate and explain the phenomena 
arising from the annual revolution, and the diurnal rotation, 
of the earth round its own axis. They are the noblest 
instruments for improving the mind, and giving it the most 
distinct idea of any problem or proposition, as well as ena¬ 
bling it to solve the same. Contemplating these bodies, 
we are inspired with a due reverence for the Deity and his 


FELLOW CRAFT. 99 

works, and are induced to encourage the studies of astro- 
nomy, geography, navigation, and the arts dependent on 
them, by which society has been so much benefited. 

The Orders of Architecture come under consideration 
in this section ; a brief description of them may therefore 
not be improper. 

OF ORDER IN ARCHITECTURE. 

By order in architecture, is meant a system of all the 
members, proportions, and ornaments of columns and pias¬ 
tres ; or, it is a regular arrangement of the projecting parts 
of a building, which, united with those of a column, form 
a beautiful, perfect, and complete whole. 

OF ITS ANTIQUITY. 

From the first formation of society, order in architecture 
may be traced. When the rigour of seasons obliged men 
to contrive slfelter from the inclemency of the weather, we 
learn that they first planted trees on end, and then laid 
others across*, to support a covering. The bands which 
connected those trees at top and bottom, is said to have 
given rise to the idea of the base and capital of pillars ; 
and, from this simple hint, originally proceed the more 
improved art of architecture. 

The five orders are thus classed: the Tuscan, Doric, 
Ionic, Corinthian, and Composite. 

THE TUSCAN 

Ts the most simple and solid of the five orders. It was 
invented in Tuscany, whence it derives its name. Its 
column is seven diameters high ; and its capital, base and 
entablature have but few mouldings. The simplicity of the 
construction of this column renders it eligible where orna¬ 
ment would be superfluous. 


100 


FELLOW CRAFT. 


THE DORIC, 

Which is plain and natural, is the most ancient, and was 
invented by the Greeks. Its column is eight diameters high, 
and has seldom any ornaments on base or capital, except 
mouldings: though the frieze is distinguished by triglyphs 
and metopes, and the triglyphs compose the ornaments of 
the frieze. The solid composition of this order, gives it a 
preference, in structures where strength, and a noble sim¬ 
plicity, are chiefly required. 

The Doric is the best proportioned of all the orders. 
The several parts of which it is composed are founded on 
the natural position of solid bodies. In its first invention it 
was more simple than in its present state. In after-times 
when it began to be adorned, it gained the name of Doric ; 
for when it was constructed in its primitive and simple form, 
the name of Tuscan was conferred on it. Hence the Tus¬ 
can precedes the Doric in rank, on account of its resem¬ 
blance to that pillar in its original state 

THE IONIC 

Bears a kind of mean proportion between the more solid 
and delicate orders. Its column is nine diameters high; its 
capital is adorned with volutes, and its cornice has denticles. 
There is both delicacy and ingenuity displayed in this pil¬ 
lar ; the invention of which is attributed to the Ionians, as 
the famous temple of Diana at Ephesus was of this order. 
It is said to have been formed after the model of an agree¬ 
able young woman, of an elegant shape, dressed in her hair; 
as a contrast to the Doric order, which was formed after that 
of a strong robust man. 

THE CORINTHIAN, 

The richest of the five orders, is deemed a masterpiece 
of art. Its column is ten diameters high, and its capital is 


























































































































































































































































































FELLOW CRAFT. 


101 


adorned with two rows of leaves, and eight volutes, which 
sustain the abacus. The frieze is ornamented with curious 
devices, the cornice with denticles and modillions. This 
order is used in stately and superb structures. 

It was invented at Corinth, by Callimachus, who is said 
to have taken the hint of the capital of this pillar from the 
following remarkable circumstance. Accidentally passing 
by the tomb of a young lady, he perceived a basket of toys, 
covered with a tile placed over an acanthus root, having 
been left there by her nurse. As the branches grew up, 
they encompassed the basket, till, arriving at the tile, they 
met with an obstruction, and bent downwards. Callima¬ 
chus, struck with the object, set about imitating the figure ; 
the vase of the capital he made’to represent the basket; the 
abacus, the tile ; and the volute, the bending leaves. 

THE COMPOSITE 

Is compounded of the other orders, and was contrived by 
the Romans. Its capital has the two rows of leaves of the 
Corinthian, and the volutes of the Ionic. Its column has 
the quarter-round as the Tuscan and Doric order, is ten dia¬ 
meters high, and its cornice has denticles, or simple modil¬ 
lions. This pillar is generally found in buildings where 
strength, elegance and beauty are displayed. 

The ancient and original orders of architecture, revered 
by Masons, are no more than three, the Doric , Ionic , and 
Corinthian. To these, the Romans have added two, the 
Tuscan, which they made plainer than the Doric, and the 
Composite, which was more ornamental, if not more beau¬ 
tiful, than the Corinthian. The first three orders alone, 
however, show invention and particular character, and 
essentially differ from each other; the two others have 
nothing but what is borrowed, and differ only accidentally ; 
the Tuscan is the Doric in its earliest state ; and the Com¬ 
posite is the Corinthian enriched with the Ionic. To the 


'J02 


FELLOW CRAFT. 


Greeks, therefore, and not to the Romans, we are indebted 
for what is great, judicious and distinct in architecture. 

An analysis of the human faculties is next given in this 
section, in which the five external senses particularly claim 
attention. 

The senses we are to consider as the gifts of nature, and 
though not the acquisition of our reasoning faculty, yet, in 
the use of them, are still subject to reason. Reason, pro¬ 
perly employed, confirms the documents of nature, which 
are always true and wholesome ; she distinguishes the good 
from the bad ; rejects the last with modesty, adheres to the 
first with reverence. The objects of human knowledge 
are innumerable; the channels by which this knowledge is 
conveyed are few. Among these, the perception of exter¬ 
nal things by the senses, and the information we receive 
from human testimony, are not the least considerable; the 
analogy between them is obvious. In the testimony of 
nature given by the senses, as well as in human testimony, 
given by information, things are signified by signs. In one 
as well as the other, the mind, either by original principles 
or by custom, passes from the sign to the conception and 
belief of the thing signified. The signs in the natural lan¬ 
guage, as well as the signs in our original perceptions, have 
tiie same signification in all climates and nations, and the 
skill of interpreting them is not acquired, but innate. 

Having made these observations, we shall proceed to 
give a brief description of the five senses. 

HEARING 

Is that sense by which we distinguish sounds, and are 
capable of enjoying all the agreeable charms of music. By 
it we are enabled to enjoy the pleasures of society, and 
reciprocally to communicate to each other our thoughts and 
intentions, our purposes and desires ; while thus our reason 
is capable of exerting its utmost power and energy. 
































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































FELLOW CRAFT. 


103 


The wise and beneficent Author of Nature intended, by 
the formation of this sense, that we should be social crea¬ 
tures, and receive the greatest and most important part of 
our knowledge by the information of others. For these 
purposes we are endowed with hearing, that, by a proper 
exertion of our rational powers, our happiness may be com¬ 
plete. 

SEEING 

Is that sense by which we distinguish objects, and in an in¬ 
stant of time, without change of place or situation, view armies 
in battle array, figures of the most stately structures, and all 
the agreeable variety displayed in the landscape of nature. 
By this sense we find our way in the pathless ocean, tra¬ 
verse the globe of earth, determine its figure and dimensions, 
and delineate any region or quarter of it. By it we mea¬ 
sure the planetary orbs, and make new discoveries in the 
sphere of the fixed stars. Nay more ; by it we perceive 
the tempers and dispositions, the passions and affections, 
of our fellow creatures, when they wish most to conceal 
them, so that though the tongue may be taught to lie and 
dissemble, the countenance will display the hypocrisy to the 
discerning eye. In fine, the rays of light which administer 
to this sense, are the most astonishing parts of the animated 
creation, and render the eye a peculiar object of admiration. 

Of all the faculties, sight is the noblest. The structure 
of the eye, and its appurtenances, evince the admirable con¬ 
trivance of nature for performing all its various external and 
internal motions, while the variety displayed in the eyes of 
different animals, suited to their several ways of life, clearly 
demonstrates this organ to be the masterpiece of nature’s 
Work. 

FEELING 

Is that sense by which we distinguish the different quali¬ 
ties of bodies ; such as heat and cold, hardness and softness, 


FELLOW CRAFT. 


104 

roughness and smoothness, figure, solidity, motion, and 
extension. 

These three senses, hearing , seeing , and feeling , are 
deemed peculiarly essential among Masons. 

SMELLING 

Is that sense by which we distinguish odours, the various 
kinds of which convey different impressions to the mind. 
Animal and vegetable bodies, and indeed most other bodies 
while exposed to the air, continually send forth effluvia of 
vast subtlety, as well in the state of life and growth, as in 
the state of fermentation and putrefaction. These effluvia, 
being drawn into the nostrils along with the air, are the 
means by which all bodies are smelled. Hence it is evi¬ 
dent, that there is a manifest appearance of design in the 
great Creator’s having planted the organ of smell in the 
inside of that canal, through which the air continually 
passes in respiration. 


TASTING 

Enables us to make a proper distinction in the choice of 
our food. The organ of the sense guards the entrance of 
the alimentary canal, as that of smell guards the entrance of 
the canal for respiration. From the situation of both these 
organs, it is plain that they are intended by nature to dis¬ 
tinguish wholesome food from that which is nauseous. 
Every thing that enters into the stomach must undergo the 
scrutiny of tasting; and by it we are capable of discerning 
the changes which the same body undergoes in the different 
compositions of art, cookery, chemistry, pharmacy, &c. 

Smelling and lasting are inseparably connected, and it is 
by the unnatural kind of life men commonly lead in society, 
that these senses are rendered less fit to perform their natu¬ 
ral offices. 


FELLOW CRAFT. 


105 


The proper use of these five senses enables us to form 
just and accurate notions of the operations of nature; and 
when we reflect on the objects with which our senses are 
gratified, we become conscious of them, and are enabled to 
attend to them, till they become familiar objects of thought. 

The senses, and indeed all the operations of the mind, 
are so difficult to understand and to analyse, that the must 
judicious may fail in tne attempt to explain them. The 
mind is ultimately affected by the senses; when that is dis¬ 
eased, every sense loses its virtue. The fabric of the mind, 
as well as that of the body, is curious and wonderful; the 
faculties of the one are adapted to their several ends with 
equal wisdom and no less propriety, than the organs of the 
other. The inconceivable wisdom of an Almighty Being 
is displayed in the structure of the mind, which extends its 
power over every branch of science ; and is, therefore, a 
theme peculiarly worthy of attention. In the arts and 
sciences which have the least connexion with the mind, its 
faculties are still the engines whieh we must employ ; the 
better we understand their nature and use, their defects and 
disorders, we shall apply them with the greater success. 
In the noblest arts, the mind is the subject upon which we 
operate. 

Wise men agree, that there is but one way to the know¬ 
ledge of nature’s works—the way of observation and expe¬ 
riment. By our constitution we have a strong propensity 
to trace particular facts and observations to general rules, 
and to apply those rules to account for other effects, or to 
direct us in the production of them. This procedure of the 
understanding is familiar to every human creature in the 
common affairs of life, and is the only means by which 
any real discovery in philosophy can be made. 

On the mind all our knowledge must depend; what, 
therefore, can be a more proper subject for the investigation 
of Masons ? By anatomical dissection and observation, we 


106 


FELLOW CRAFT. 


become acquainted with the body; but it is by the anatomy 
of the mind alone we discover its powers and principles. 

To sum up the whole of this transcendent measure of 
God’s bounty to man, we shall add, that memory, imagina¬ 
tion, taste, reasoning, moral perception, and all the active 
powers of the soul, present a vast and boundless field for 
philosophical disquisition, which far exceeds human inquiry, 
and are peculiar mysteries known only to nature, and to 
nature’s God, to whom we and all are indebted for creation, 
preservation, and every blessing we enjoy. 

The seven liberal arts and sciences are next illustrated in 
this section, it may not therefore be improper to insert here 
a short explanation of them. 

GRAMMAR. 

Grammar teaches the proper arrangement of words ac¬ 
cording to the idiom or dialect of any particular people, and 
that excellency of pronunciation, which enables us to speak 
or write a language with accuracy, agreeably to reason and 
correct usage. 


RHETORIC. 

Rhetoric teaches us to speak copiously and fluently on 
any subject, not merely with propriety alone, but with all 
the advantages of force and elegance; wisely contriving to 
captivate the hearer by strength of argument and beauty of 
expression, whether it be to entreat and exhort, to admonish 
or applaud. 


LOGIC. 

Logic teaches us to guide our reason discretionally in the 
general knowledge of things, and direct our inquiries after 
truth. It consists of a regular train of argument, whence 
we infer, deduce, and conclude, according to certain pre- 


FELLOW CRAFT. 


107 


(fitted, or granted; at are em- 

>f conceiving, judging, .casoning, and 
uisposing; all of which are naturally led on from one gra¬ 
dation to another, till the point in question is finally deter¬ 
mined. 

ARITHMETIC. 

Arithmetic teaches the powers and properties of numbers, 
which is variously affected, by letters, tables, figures, and 
instruments. By this art, reasons and demonstrations are 
given for finding out any certain number, whose relation or 
affinity to another is already known or discovered. 


GEOMETRY. 

Geometry treats of the powers and properties of magni¬ 
tudes in general, where length, breadth, and thickness are 
considered, from a point to a line, from a line to a superfi¬ 
cies, and from a superficies to a solid.* 

By this science, the architect is enabled to construct his 
plans and execute his designs ; the general to arrange his 
soldiers; the engineer to maiK out ground for encampments ; 
the geographer to give us the dimensions of the world, and 
all things therein contained, to delineate the extent of seas, 
and specify the divisions of empires, kingdoms and pro¬ 
vinces ; by it, also, the astronomer is enabled to make his 
observations, and to fix the duration of times and seasons, 
years and cycles. In fine, geometry is the foundation 
of architecture, and the root of the mathematics. 

* A point is a dimensionless figure, or an indivisible part of space. 
A line is a point continued, and a figure of one capacity, namely, length. 
A superficies is a figure of two dimensions, namely, length and breadth. 
A solid is a figure of three dimensions, namely, length, breadth, and 
thickness. 


108 


FELLOW CRAFT. 


MUSIC. 

Music teaches the art of forming’ concords, so as to corn- 
nose delightful harmony, by a mathematical and propor¬ 
tional arrangement of acute, grave, and mixed sounds. 
This art, by a series of experiments, is reduced to a demon¬ 
strative science, with respect to tones, and the intervals of 
sound. It inquires into the nature of concords and discords, 
and enables us to find out the proportion between them by 
numbers. 


ASTRONOMY. 

Astronomy is that divine art, by which we are taught to 
read the wisdom, strength, and beauty of the Almighty 
Creator, in those sacred pages the celestial hemisphere. 
Assisted by astronomy, we can observe the motions, mea¬ 
sure the distances, comprehend the magnitudes, and calcu¬ 
late the periods and eclipses, of the heavenly bodies. By 
it, we learn the use of the globes, the system of the world, 
and the preliminary law of nature. While we are employed 
in the study of this science, we must perceive unparalleled 
instances of wisdom and goodness, and through the whole 
creation, trace the Glorious Author by his works. 

Here the emblem of plenty is introduced and explained. 

From this theme we proceed to illustrate the moral advan¬ 
tages of Geometry ; a subject on which the following obser¬ 
vations may not be unacceptable : 

Geometry, the first and noblest of sciences, is the basis 
on which the superstructure of Masonry is erected. By 
geometry, we may curiously trace Nature, through her 
various windings, to her most concealed recesses. By it, 
wo discover the power, the wisdgm, and the goodness of 
the Grand Artificer of the Universe, and view w r ith delight 
the proportions which connect this vast machine. By it 


FELLOW CRAFT. 


109 


we discover how the planets move in their different orbits, 
and demonstrate their various revolutions.^ By it we account 
for the return of seasons, and the variety of scenes which 
each season displays to the discerning eye. Numberless 
worlds are around us, all framed by the same Divine Artist, 
which roll through the vast expanse, and are all conducted 1 
by the same unerring laws of nature. 

A survey of Nature, and the observation of her beautiful 
proportions, first determined man to imitate the divine plan 
and study symmetry and order. This gave rise to socie¬ 
ties, and birth to every useful art. The architect began to 
design, and the plans which he laid down, being improved 
by experience and time, have produced works which are 
the admiration of every age. 

The lapse of time, the ruthless hand of ignorance, and 
the devastations of war, have laid waste and destroyed 
many valuable monuments of antiquity, on which the 
utmost exertions of human genius have been employed. 
Even the temple of Solomon, so spacious and magnificent, 
and constructed by so many celebrated artists, escaped not 
the unsparing ravages of barbarous lorce. Free Masonry, 
notwithstanding, has still survived. The attentive ear 
receives the sound from the instructive tongue, and the 
sacred mysteries are safely lodged in the repository of 
faithful breasts. Tools and implements of architecture, 
symbols the most expressive! are selected by the frater¬ 
nity, to imprint on the memory wise and serious truths; 
and thus, through a succession of ages, are transmitted, 
unimpaired, the excellent tenets of our institution. 

Thus end the two sections of the second lecture, which, 
with the ceremony used at opening and closing the lodge, 
comprehend the whole of the second degree of Masonry. 
This lecture contains a regular system of science, demon¬ 
strated on the clearest principles, and founded on ihe most 
stable foundation. 


10 


110 


FELLOW CRAFT. 


CHARGE, 

% 

AT INITIATION INTO THE SECOND DEGREE. 

Brother : 

Being advanced to the second degree of Masonry, wc 
congratulate you on your preferment. The internal, and 
not the external qualifications of a man, are what Masonry 
regards. As you increase in knowledge, you will improve 
in social intercourse. 

It is unnecessary to recapitulate the duties, which, as a 
Mason, you are bound to discharge; or enlarge on # the 
necessity of a strict adherence to them, as your own expe¬ 
rience must have established their value. 

Our laws and regulations you are strenuously to support; 
and be always ready to assist in seeing them duly executed. 
You are not to palliate, or aggravate the offences of your 
brethren; but, in the decision of every trespass against 
your rules, you are to judge with candour, admonish with 
friendship, and reprehend with justice. 

The study of the liberal arts, that valuable branch of edu¬ 
cation, which tends so effectually to polish and adorn the 
mind, is earnestly recommended to your consideration; 
especially the science of geometry, which is established as 
the basis of our art. Geometry, or Masonry, originally 
synonymous terms, being of a divine and moral nature, is 
enriched with the most useful knowledge; while it proves 
the wonderful properties of nature, it demonstrates the more 
important truths of morality. 

Your past behaviour and regular deportment have merited 
the honour which we have now conferred ; and in your new 
character, it is expected that you will conform to the prin¬ 
ciples of the order,'by steadily persevering in the practice 
of every commendable virtue. Such is the nature of your 
engagements as a Fellow Craft, and to these duties you 
are bound by the most sacred ties. 
















' 


























































\ 





a See/ton First. 


'Ucr/zj e/ey f ee ■ 


Sect/nu 


Seed rut. 

/ 















































































































































































































































MASTER MASON. 


SECTION I. 

The ceremonies attending- this stage of our profession 
are solemn, during which a sacred awe is diffused over the 
mind, the soul struck with reverence to the Deity, testifying 
our faith concerning the resurrection of the body and immor¬ 
tality of the soul. 

The following passage of scripture is introduced during 
the ceremonies : 

“ Remember now thy Creator in the days of thy youth, 
while the evil days come not, nor the years draw nigh, 
when thou shall say, I have no pleasure in them ; while 
the sun, or the light, or the moon, or the stars, be not dark¬ 
ened, nor the clouds return after the rain : in the day when 
the keepers of the house shall tremble, and the strong men 
shall bow themselves, and the grinders cease because they 
are few, and those that look out of the windows be dark¬ 
ened ; and the doors shall be shut in the streets, when the 
sound of the grinding is low ; and he shall rise up at the 

voice of the bird ; and all the daughters of music shall be 

* 

brought low: also when they shall he afraid of that which 
is high, and fears shall be in the way, and the almond tree 
shall flourish, and the grasshopper shall be a burden, and 
desire shall fail; because man goeth to his long home, and 
the mourners go about the streets: or ever the silver cord 
be loosed, or the golden bowl be broken, or the pitcher be 
broken at the fountain, or the wheel broken at the cistern : 
then shall the dust return to the earth as it was; and the 

111 



112 


MASTER MASON. 


spirit shall return unto God who gave it.”— Ecclesiastes , 
xii. 1—7. 

Also, the following appropriate prayer: 

Thou, O Got]! knowest our down-sitting and our up¬ 
rising, and understandest our thoughts afar off. Shield and 
defend us from the evil intentions of our enemies, and sup¬ 
port us under the trials and afflictions we are destined to 
endure, while travelling through this vale of tears. Man 
that is born of a woman, is of few days, and full of trouble. 
He cometh forth as a flower, and is cut down ; he fleetb 
also as a shadow, and continueth not. Seeing his days are 
determined, the number of his months are with thee; thou 
hast appointed his bounds that he cannot pass; turn from 
him, that he may rest, till he shall accomplish his day. 
For there is hope of a tree, if it be cut down, that it will 
sprout again, and that the tender branch thereof will not 
cease. But man dieth and wasteth away; yea, man giveth 
up the ghost and where is he ? As the waters fail from the 
sea, and the flood decayeth and drieth up, so man lieth 
down, and riseth not up till the heavens shall be no more. 
Yet, O Lord ! have compassion on the children of thy crea¬ 
tion ; and minister them comfort in time of trouble, and save 
them with an everlasting salvation.— Amen. So mote it be. 

The working tools of a Master Mason are all the imple¬ 
ments of Masonry, indiscriminately, but more especially 
the trowel. 

The trowel is an instrument made use of by operative 
masons, to spread the cement which unites a building into 
one common mass: but we, as free and accepted Masons, 
are taught to make use of it for the more noble and glo¬ 
rious purpose of spreading the cement of (brotherly love) 
and affection ; that cement which unites us into one sacred 
band, or society of friends and brothers, among whom no 
contention should ever exist, but that noble contention, or 
rather emulation, of who can best work, or best agree. 












to. 


Section Tf 1 X 1 * 1 . 



/.33J Columns. >3.300 Overseers 

WOO masters 30,000 Fellom Crafts 

3 Grand Masters 70000 Eutarl'Apprentices 











































MASTER MASON. 


113 


SECTION II. 

This section recites the historical traditions of the order, 
and presents to view a finished picture, of the utmost con¬ 
sequence to the fraternity. It exemplifies an instance of 
virtue, fortitude, and integrity, unparalleled in the history 
of man. 


SECTION III. 

The third section illustrates certain hieroglyphical em¬ 
blems, and inculcates many useful lessons, to extend know¬ 
ledge, and promote virtue. 

In this branchxof the lecture, many particulars relative to 
king Solomon’s temple are considered. 

The construction of this grand edifice was attended with 
two remarkable circumstances. From Josephus we learn, 
that although seven years were occupied in building it, yet 
during the whole term it rained not in the day time, that the 
workmen might not be obstructed in their labour: and from 
sacred history it appears, that there was neither the sound 
of the hammer, nor axe, nor any tool of iron, heard in the 
house, while it was building. 

This famous fabric was supported by fourteen hundred 
and fifty-three columns, and two thousand nine hundred and 
six pilastres; all hewn from the finest Parian marble. 
There were employed in its building three Grand Masters; 
three thousand and three hundred Masters, or overseers of 
the work ; eighty thousand Fellow Crafts; and seventy 
thousand Entered Apprentices, or bearers of burthens. All 
these were classed and arranged in such a manner by the 
wisdom of Solomon, that neither envy, discord, nor confu¬ 
sion, were suffered to interrupt that universal peace and tran¬ 
quillity, which pervaded the world at this important period. 

10 * 


114 


MASTER MASON* 


THE POT OF INCENSE 

Is an emblem of a pure heart, which is always an accept¬ 
able sacrifice to the Deity ; and, as this glows with fervent 
heat, so should our hearts continually glow with gratitude 
to the great and beneficent Author of our existence, for the 
manifold blessings and comforts we enjoy 

TnE BEE-HIVE 

Is an emblem of industry, and recommends the practice 

of that virtue to all created beings, from the highest seraph 

in heaven, to the lowest reptile of the dust. It teaches us, 

that, as we came into the world rational and intelligent 

beings, so we should ever be industrious ones; never sit¬ 
es 7 7 

ting down contented, while our fellow-creatures around us 
are in want, when it is in our power to relieve them, with¬ 
out inconvenience to ourselves. 

When we take a survey of nature, we view man, in his 
infancy, more helpless and indigent than the brutal creation ; 
he lies languishing for days, months and years, totally inca¬ 
pable of providing sustenance for himself, or guarding against 
the attack of the wild beasts of the field, or sheltering him¬ 
self from the inclemencies of the weather. 

It might have pleased the great Creator of heaven and 
earth to have made man independent of all other beings ; 
but, as dependence is one of the strongest bonds of society, 
mankind were made dependent on each other for protection 
and security, as they thereby enjoy better opportunities of 
fulfilling the duties of reciprocal love and friendship. Thus 
was man formed for social and active life, the noblest part 
of the work of God ; and he that will so demean himself 
as not to be endeavouring to add to the common stock of 
knowledge and understanding, may be deemed a drone in 
the hive of nature, a useless member of society, and unwor¬ 
thy of our protection as Masons. 


















































































































. 










Section J'fiiiri 


nmmunamn > 


























































































\ 


I 


> 








MASTER MASON. 


115 


TITE BOOK OF CONSTITUTIONS, GUARDED'BY THE TYLERS’ 

SWORD, 

Reminds us that we should be ever watchful and guarded, 
in our thoughts, words, and actions, particularly when 
before the enemies of Masonry; ever bearing in remem¬ 
brance those truly masonic virtues, silence and circumspec¬ 
tion. 

THE SWORD POINTING TO A NAKED HEART, 

Demonstrates that justice will sooner or later overtake us ; 
and although our thoughts, words and actions may be hidden 
from the eyes of man, yet that 

ALL-SEEING EYE, 

Whom the sun, moon and stars obey, and under whose 
watchful care even comets perform their stupendous revolu¬ 
tions, pervades the inmost recesses of the human heart, and 
will reward us according to our merits. 

THE ANCHOR AND ARK 

Are emblems of a well-grounded hope, and a well-spent 
life. They are emblematical of that divine ark which safely 
wafts us over this tempestuous sea of troubles, and that 
anchor which shall safely moor us in a peaceful harbour, 
where the wicked cease from troubling, and the weary shall 
find rest. 

THE FORTY-SEVENTH PROBLEM OF EUCLID.* 

This was an invention of our ancient friend and brother, 

* Theorem.]— In any right-angled triangle, the square which is 
described upon the side subtending the right angle, is equal to the 
squares described upon the sides which contain the right angle.- - Eu¬ 
clid, lib . i prop . 47. 


116 


MASTER MASON. 


the great Pythagoras, who, in his travels through Asia, 
Africa and Europe, was initiated into several orders of 
priesthood, and raised to the sublime degree of a Master 
Mason. This wise philosopher enriched his mind abun¬ 
dantly in a general knowledge of things, and more espe¬ 
cially in geometry or Masonry; on this subject he drew out 
many problems and theorems, and among the most distin¬ 
guished, he erected this, which, in the joy of his heart, he 
called Eureka , in the Grecian language, signifying, I have 
found it; and upon the discovery of which he is said to 
have sacrificed a hecatomb. It teaches Masons to be gene¬ 
ral lovers of the arts and sciences. 

THE HOUR-GLASS 

Is an emblem of human life. Behold ! how swiftly the 
sands run, and how rapidly our lives are drawing to a close. 
We cannot without astonishment behold the little particles 
which are contained in this machine; how they pass away 
almost imperceptibly ; and yet, to our surprise, in the short 
space of an hour they are all exhausted. Thus wastes 
man ! to-day, he puts forth the tender leaves of hope ; to¬ 
morrow, blossoms, “ and bears his blushing honours thick 
upon him the next day comes a frost, which nips the 
shoot, and when he thinks his greatness is still aspiring, he 
fails, like autumn leaves, to enrich our mother earth. 

THE SCYTHE 

Is an emblem of time, which cuts the brittle thread of 
life, and launches us into eternity. Behold! what havoc 
the scythe of time makes among the human race; if by 
chance we should escape the numerous evils incident to 
childhood and youth, and with health and vigour arrive to 
the years of manhood, yet withal we must soon be cut down 


MASTER MASON. 117 

by the all-devouring scythe of time, and be gathered into 
the land where our fathers have gone before us. 

THE THREE STEPS, 

Usually delineated upon the master’s carpet, are emble¬ 
matical of the three principal stages of human life, viz : 
youth, manhood and age. In youth, as entered apprentices, 
we ought industriously to occupy our minds in the attain¬ 
ment of useful knowledge: in manhood, as fellow crafts, 
we should apply our knowledge to the discharge of our 
respective duties to God, our neighbours, and ourselves; 
that so in age, as Master Masons, we may enjoy the happy 
reflection consequent on a well spent life, and die in the 
hope of a blessed immortality. 


CHARGE, 

AT RAISING TO THE SUBLIME DEGREE OF MASTER MASON. 

Brother: 

Your zeal for the institution of Masonry; the progress 
you have made in the mystery ; and your conformity to our 
regulations, have pointed you out as a proper object of our 
favour and esteem. You are now bound by duty, honour 
and gratitude, to be faithful to your trust; to support the 
dignity of your character on every occasion ; and to enforce 
by precept and example, obedience to the tenets of the 
order. 

In the character of a Master Mason, you are authorized 
to correct the errors and irregularities of your uninformed 
brethren, and to guard them against a breach of fidelity. 
To preserve the reputation of the fraternity unsullied, must 
be your constant care; and for this purpose, it is your pro- 




118 


MASTER MASON. 


vince to recommend to your inferiors, obedience and sub¬ 
mission ; to your equals, courtesy, and affability ; to your 
superiors, kindness and condescension. Universal benev¬ 
olence you are always to inculcate ; and, by the regularity 
of your own behaviour, afford the best example for the 
conduct of others less informed. The ancient land-marks 
of the order entrusted to your care, you are carefully to 
preserve ; and never suffer them to be infringed, or coun¬ 
tenance a deviation from the established usages and cus¬ 
toms of the fraternity. 

Your virtue, honour and reputation, are concerned in 
supporting with dignity the character you now bear. Let 
no motive, therefore, make you swerve from your duty, 
violate your vows, or betray your trust; but be true and* 
faithful, and imitate the example of that celebrated artist, 
whom you this evening represent. Thus you will render 
yourself deserving of the honour which we have conferred, 
and merit the confidence that we have reposed. 


ILLUSTRATION OF THE MASTER’S DEGREE. 

The Master Mason imposes a duty on himself, full of 
moral virtue and Christian charity, by enforcing that 
brotherly love which every man should extend to his 
neighbour. 

First:—That when the calamities of our brother call for 
our aid, we should not withdraw the hand that might sus¬ 
tain him from sinking; but that we should render him 
those services, which, not incumbering or injuring our 
families or fortunes, charity and religion may dictate, for 
the saving of our fellow creature. 

Second :—From which purpose, indolence should not 
persuade the foot to halt, or wrath turn our steps out of 
the way : but forgetting injuries and selfish feelings, and 
remembering that man was born for the aid of his genera- 


MASTER MASON. 


119 


tion, and not for his own enjoyments only, but to do that 
which is good ; wc should be swift to have mercy, to save, 
to strengthen, and execute benevolence. 

Third :—As the good things of this life are partially 
dispensed, and some are opulent, whilst others are in dis¬ 
tress : such principles also enjoin a Mason, be he ever so 
poor, to testify his good will towards his brother. Riches 
alone do not allow the means of doing good ; virtue and 
benevolence are not confined to the walks of opulence : 
the rich man, from his many talents, is required to make 
extensive works under the principles of virtue ; and yet 
poverty is no excuse for an omission of that exercise ; for 
as the cry of innocence ascendeth up to heaven, as the 
voice of babes and sucklings reach the throne of God, 
and as the breathings of a contrite heart are heard in the 
regions of dominion, so a Mason’s prayers, devoted to the 
welfare of his brother, are required of him. 

Fourth :—The fourth principle is never to injure the 
confidence of your brother, by revealing his secrets; for 
perhaps that were to rob him of the guard which protects 
his property or life. The tongue of a mason should be 
void of offence, and without guile ; speaking truth with 
discretion, and keeping itself within the rule of judgment; 
maintaining a heart void of uncharitableness, locking up 
secrets, and communing in charity and love. 

Fifth :—Of Charity. So much is required of a Mason, 
in his gifts, as discretion shall limit ;* charity begins at 
home, but like a fruitful olive tree planted by the side of 
a fountain, whose boughs overshoot the wall, so is charity : 
it spreads its arms abroad from the strength and opulence 
of its station, and lendeth its shade for the repose and 
relief of those who are gathered under its branches. 
Charity, when given with imprudence, is no longer a vir¬ 
tue ; but when flowing from abundance, it is glorious as 
the beams of morning, in whose beauty thousands rejoice. 
When donations, extorted by pity, are detrimental to a 


120 


MASTER MASON. 


man’s family, they become sacrifices to superstition, and, 
like incense to idols, are disapproved by heaven. 


THE FIVE POINTS OF FELLOWSHIP FARTHER ILLUSTRATED. 

First:—When the necessities of a brother call for my 
aid and support, I will be ever ready to lend him such 
assistance to save him from sinking, as may not be detri¬ 
mental to myself or connexions, if I find him worthy 
thereof. 

Second :—Indolence shall not cause my footsteps to 
halt, nor wrath turn them aside; but forgetting every sel¬ 
fish consideration, I will be ever swift of foot to serve, 
help, and execute benevolence to a fellow creature in dis¬ 
tress ; and more particularly to a brother Mason. 

Third :—When I offer up my ejaculations to Almighty 
God, a brother’s welfare I will remember as my own ; for 
as the voices of babes and sucklings ascend to the throne 
of grace, so most assuredly will the breathings of a 
fervent heart arise to the mansions of bliss, as our prayers 
are certainly required of each other. 

Fourth :—A brother’s secrets, delivered to me as such, 
I will keep as I would my own ; as betraying that trust 
might be doing him the greatest injury he could sustain 
in this mortal life ; .nay, it would be like the villany of an 
assassin, who lurks in darkness to stab his adversary, 
when unarmed and least prepared to meet an enemy. 

Fifth :—A brother’s character I will support, in his 
absence as I would in his presence : I will not wrongfully 
revile him ipyself, nor will I suffer it to be done by others, 
if in my power to prevent it. 

Thus by the five points of fellowship are we linked 
together in one indivisible chain of sincere affection, 
brotherly love, relief, and truth. 


MASTER MASON. 


121 


THE ADVANTAGES WHICH THE TRULY WORTHY BROTHER 

MAY DERIVE FROM A PERFECT KNOWLEDGE OF THIS 
SUBLIME DEGREE. 

This institution, which was first founded in the myste¬ 
ries of religion, is now maintained by us on the principles 
of lending mutual aid and consolation to each other. 
How should we be able to discern the brethren of this 
family, hut through ‘such tokens as shall point them out 
from other men. Language is now provincial, and the 
dialects of different nations would not be comprehensible 
to men ignorant and unlettered. Hence it became neces¬ 
sary to use an expression which should be cognizable by 
people of all nations. So it is with Masons ; they are 
possessed of that universal expression, and of such re¬ 
mains of the original language, that they can communicate 
their history, their wants, and prayers, to every brother 
Mason throughout the globe : from whence, it is certain, 
that multitudes of liv.es have been saved in foreign coun¬ 
tries, when shipwreck and misery had overwhelmed them : 
•when robbers had pillaged, when sickness, want, and 
misery had brought them even to the brink of the grave, 
the discovery of Masonry has saved them : the discovery 
of being a brother, hath staid the savage hand of the 
conqueror, lifted in the field of battle to cut off the cap¬ 
tive ; hath withheld the sword embrued in carnage and 
slaughter, and subdued the insolence of triumph to pay 
homage to the craft. 

The importance of secrecy with us, is such, that we 
may not be deceived in the dispensing of our charities : 
that we may not be betrayed in the tenderness of our be¬ 
nevolence, and others usurp the portion which is prepared 
for those of our own family. 

To betray the watchword, which should keep the enemy 
from the walls of our citadel, so as to open our strong 

11 


122 


MASTER MASON. 


holds to robbers and deceivers, is as great a moral crime, 
as to show the common thief the weaknesses and secret 
places of our neighbours’ dwelling houses, that he may 
pillage their goods. Nay, it is still greater, for it is like 
aiding the sacrilegious robber to ransack the holy places, 
and steal the sacred vessels devoted to the most solemn 
rites of religion. It is snatching from the divine hand of 
charity, the balm which she holds forth to heal the dis¬ 
tresses of her children ; the cordial cup of consolation, 
which she offers to the lip of calamity', and the sustenance 
her fainting infants should receive from the bosom of her 
celestial love. 

As this, then, is the importance of Mason’s secrecy, 
wherefore should the world wonder that the most profligate 
tongue which ever had expression, hath not revealed it ? 
The sport is too criminal to afford delight, even to tbe 
wickedest of mankind: for it must be wantonness only 
which could induce any man to divulge it, as no profit 
could arise therefrom, nor selfish view be gratified. It 
was mentioned b}' divine lips as a crime not in nature : 
u What man is there of you, whom, if his son ask for 
bread, will give him a stone, or if he ask a fish, will give 
him a serpent?” Then can there be a man so iniquitous 
among Masons, as to guide the thief to steal from his sick 
brother, the medicine which should restore his health ? 
the balsam which should close his wounds ? the clothing 
which should shield his trembling limbs from the severity 
of the winter ? the drink which should moisten his faint¬ 
ing lip ? the bread which should save his soul alive ? 

Such is the importance of our secrecy : were there no 
other ties upon our affections or consciences, than merely 
the sense of the injury we should do to the poor and the 
wretched, by a transgression of this rule. I am persuaded 
it would be sufficient to lock up the tongue of every man 
who professes himself to be a Mason. 


MARK MASTER. 


By the influence of this degree, each operative mason, at 
the erection of King Solomon’s temple, was known and 
distinguished, by the Senior Grand Warden. If defects 
were found, the overseers were enabled, without difficulty, 
to ascertain who was the faulty workman ; so that deficien¬ 
cies might be remedied, without injuring the credit or dimi¬ 
nishing the reward of the industrious and faithful of the 
craft. 

Hutchinson, treating of the building of the Temple, at 
Jerusalem, says : 

The first worshippers of the God of nature, in the nations 
of the east, represented the Deity by the figures of the Sun 
and Moon , from the influence of those heavenly bodies on 
the earth ; professing that the universe was the temple in 
which the Divinity was at all times, and in all places, 
present. 

They adopted these, with other symbols, as a cautious 
mode of preserving or explaining divine knowledge : but 
we perceive the danger arising from thence to religion; for 
the eye of the ignorant, the bigot, and enthusiast, cast lip 
towards these objects, without the light of understanding, 
introduced the worship of images, and at length the idols of 
Osiris and Isis became the Gods of the Egyptians, without 
conveying to their devotees the least idea of their great 
archetype. Other nations (who had expressed the attri¬ 
butes of the Deity by outward ohjects, or who had intro¬ 
duced pictures into the sacred places, as ornaments, or 
rather to assist the memory, claim devout attention, and 

123 


124 


MARK MASTER. 


warm the affections) ran into the same error, and idols mul¬ 
tiplied upon the face of the earth. 

Amongst the ancients, the worshippers of idols, through¬ 
out the world, had at last entirely lost the remembrance of 
the original, of whose attributes their images were at first 
merely symbols; and the second darkness in religion was 
more tremendous than the first, as it was strengthened by 
prepossession, custom, bigotry, and superstition. 

Moses had acquired the knowledge of the Egyptians, and 
derived the doctrines of truth from the righteous ones of 
the nations of the east; he being also touched by divine 
influence, and thence truly comprehending the light from 
out the darkness, taught the people of Israel the worship 
of the true God, without the enigmas and pollutions of the 
idolatrous nations which surrounded them. 

This was the second sera of the worship of the God of 
nature : and at this period the second stage of Masonry arises. 

The ruler of the Jews, perceiving how prone the minds 
of ignorant men were to be led aside by show and cere¬ 
mony ; and that the eye being caught by pomp and solemn 
rites, perverted the opinion and led the heart astray ; and 
being convinced that the magnificent festivals, proces¬ 
sions, sacrifices and ceremonials of the idolatrous nations, 
impressed the minds of mankind with a wild degree of 
reverence and enthusiastic devotion, thought it expedient 
for the service of the God of Israel, to institute holy offices, 
though in a humbler and less ostentatious mode ; well judg¬ 
ing that the service and adoration of the Deity, which was 
only clothed in simplicity of manners, and humble prayer, 
must be established in the judgment and conviction of the 
heart of man; with which ignorance was ever waging war. 

In succeeding ages, Solomon built a Temple for the ser¬ 
vice of God, and ordained its rites and ceremonies to be 
performed with a splendour equal to the most extravagant 
pomp of the idolaters. 


MARK MASTER. 


125 


As this Temple* received the second race of the servants 
of the true God, and as the true Craftsmen were here 
proved in their work, I will crave your attention to the cir¬ 
cumstances which are to be gathered from holy writ, and 
from historians, touching this structure, as an illustration of 
those secrets in Masonry, which may appear to my bre¬ 
thren, dark or insignificant, unless they are proved from 
thence. 

In the first book of Kings, we are told that “ Hiram, king 
of Tyre, sent his servants unto Solomon, and Solomon sent 
to Hiram, saying, Behold I intend to build a house unto the 
name of the Lord my God. And Solomon raised a levy 
out of all Israel, and the levy was thirty thousand men. 
And he sent them to Lebanon, ten thousand a month, by 
courses ; a month they were in Lebanon, and two months 
at home ; and Adoniram was over the levy. And Solomon 
had three score and ten thousand that bare burdens, and 
fourscore thousand hewers in the mountains; besides the 
chief of Solomon’s officers which were over the work, 
three thousand and three hundred, which ruled over the 
people which wrought in the work. And the king com¬ 
manded, and they brought great stones, costly stones, and 
hewed stones, to lay the foundation of the house. And 
Solomon’s builders and Hiram’s builders did hew them, 
and the stone-squarers or Gibilites. In the fourth year was 
the foundation of the house laid, and in the eleventh year 
was the house finished throughout all the parts thereof, and 
according to all the fashion of it. And King Solomon sent 
and fetched Hiram out of Tyre. He was a widow’s son 
of the tribe of Naphtali, and his father was a man of Tyre, 

* Ezekiel, xliv. 2. “ The east gate shall be shut, it shall not be 
opened, and no man shall enter in by it, because the Lord, the God of 
Israel, hath entered in by it, therefore it shall be shut.” 

Y'er. 3. “It is for the prince: the prince shall sit in it to eat bread 
before the Lord.” 


11 * 


126 


MAKK MASTER. 


a worker in brass. He cast two pillars of brass, with two 
chapiters, which were of lily-work, and he set up the pil¬ 
lars in the porch of the Temple. And he set up the right 
pillar, and he called the name thereof Jachin ; and he set 
up the left pillar, and called it Boaz.” In the second book 
of Chronicles, we read that “ he set three hundred and ten 
thousand of them to be bearers of burthens, and fourscore 
thousand to be hewers in the mountains; and three thou¬ 
sand and six hundred overseers to set the people at work. 
And Solomon sent to Hiram, king of Tyre, to send him a 
man cunning to work in gold and in silver, in brass, in 
iron, in purple, in crimson, and in blue, and skilful in 
engravings. And Hiram sent unto him a cunning man, 
endued with the understanding of Hiram his father. And 
he made before the house two pillars.” 

When this splendid structure was finished, “ Solomo 
stood before the altar of the Lord, in the presence of all tin 
congregation of Israel, and spread forth his hands and said, 
O Lord God of Israel, there is no God like thee in the 
heaven and in the earth: O Lord my God hearken unto the 
cry and the prayer which thy servant prayeth before thee: 
O Lord God turn not away the face of thine anointed.” 

In the conduct of this great work, we must admire the 
sagacity of this pious architect; he discerned the necessity 
there was to assign to portions of his people, the particular 
labour they were to pursue; he gave them particular signs 
and secret tokens,* by which each rank should be distin¬ 
guished, in order that the whole might proceed with pro¬ 
priety, and without confusion ; he selected those of most 


* These were meant for the better conduct of the work, and were 
totally abstracted from those other principles which were the foundation 
of our profession; they were manual proofs of the part each was sta¬ 
tioned to perform ; the light which had possessed the soul, and which 
was the first principle, was in no wise to be distinguished by such signs 
and tokens, or revealed, expressed, or communicated thereby 


MARK MASTER. 


127 


enlightened mind and comprehensive understandings, reli¬ 
gious men, piously zealous in good works, as Masters to 
superintend the workmen ; men skilful in geometry and 
proportions, who had been initiated and proved in the mys¬ 
tical learning of the ancient sages ; those he made overseers 
of the work; the whole was conducted with that degree of 
holy reverence, that even the noise of a tool or instrument 
was not permitted to disturb the sacred silence on Moriah, 
sanctified by the presence of the Almighty, and by his 
miraculous works. Was it not reasonable, then, to con¬ 
ceive, under this exalted degree of pious attention, that 
no part of this structure was to be formed, but by men of 
pure hands and holy minds, who had professed themselves 
devoted to the service of the true God, and had enrolled 
themselves under the banner of true religion and virtue. As 
the sons of Aaron alone were admitted to the holy offices, 
and to the sacrificial rites, so none but devotees were 
admitted to this labour. On this stage, we see those reli¬ 
gious who had received the truth and the light of under¬ 
standing as possessed by the first men embodied as artifi¬ 
cers, and engaged in this holy work as architects. This, 
together with the construction of the tabernacle, under 
Moses, are the first instances of our predecessors being 
exhibited to the world as builders: for, although it is not 
to be doubted, the sages amongst the Hebrews, Egyptians, 
Persians, Chaldeans, Greeks, Romans, Bramins, Druids, 
and Bards, understood geometry and the rules of proportion 
and numbers, yet we have no evidence of their being the 
actual executors of any plan in architecture ; and yet with¬ 
out question they were the projectors and superintendants 
of such works in every age and nation. 

Without such regulations as Solomon had devised for the 
government of his servants, without such artificers, and a 
superior wisdom overruling the whole, we should be at a 
loss to account for the beginning, carrying on, and finishing 



128 


MARK MASTER. 


that great work in the space of seven years and six months, 
when the two succeeding temples, though much inferior, 
employed so much more time; and when we have good 
authority to believe that the temple of Diana at Ephesus, a 
structure not comparable to the temple at Jerusalem, was 
two hundred and twenty years in building. 

The building being conducted by a set of religious, 
makes it natural to conceive, that from devotion and pious 
fervour, as well as emulation, thosd employed had unceasing 
motives to prompt their diligence, and preserve harmony 
and order; as their labour was probationary, and led to an 
advancement to superior privileges, higher points of know¬ 
ledge, and at the last, to that honorable pre-eminence of a 
Master of the holy work. 

Solomon himself was an extraordinary personage, and 
his wisdom and magnificence had gained him the wonder 
and attention of the neighbouring nations ; but this splendid 
structure, the wonder of the earth, thus raised by the pious 
hands of men labouring in the worship and service of the 
God of Israel, would of consequence extend his fame, and 
attract the admiration of the more distant parts of the world : 
his name, and his artificers, would become the wonder of 
mankind, and his works their example and emulation : from 
thence the masons of Solomon would be dispersed into dif¬ 
ferent states, to superintend the works of other princes, and 
there would convert infidels, initiate brethren in their mys¬ 
teries, and extend their order over the distant quarters of the 
known world. 

We find that the like distinction was retained on rebuild¬ 
ing the temple in the reign of Cyrus, and that the work 
was performed by the religious of the Israelites, and not by 
ordinary mechanics ; for they refused to admit the Samari¬ 
tans to a share of the work, although they petitioned it, 
under the denomination of servants of the same God : but 
they were rejected, as unworthy of the works of piety, and 


MARK MASTER. 


129 


unacceptable to the God of Israel: for though they pro¬ 
fessed themselves to be servants of the true God, they pol¬ 
luted their worship by idols. 

Josephus, in his History of the Antiquities of the Jews, 
speaking of Solomon’s going about to erect the Temple at 
Jerusalem, gives copies of the epistles which passed be¬ 
tween Solomon and Hiram of Tyre on that matter; and 
which he says remained in his days preserved in their 
books, and amongst the Tyrians also: which epistles are 
as follow: 

SOLOMON TO KING HIRAM. 

“ Know thou, that my father would have built a temple 
to God, but was hindered by wars and continual expedi¬ 
tions ; for he did not leave off to overthrow his enemies, till 
he made them all subject to tribute: But I give thanks to 
God for the peace I at present enjoy : and on that account 
I am at leisure, and design to build an house to God ; for 
God foretold to my father, that such an house should be 
built by me: Wherefore I desire thee to send some of thy 
subjects with mine to Mount Lebanon, to cut down timber; 
for the Sidonians are more skilful than our people in cutting 
of wood : as for wages for the hewers of wood, I will pay 
whatsoever price thou shalt determine.” 

HIRAM TO KING SOLOMON. 

“ There is reason to bless God that he hath committed 
thy father’s government to thee, who art a wise man and 
endued with all virtues : As for myself, I rejoice at the 
condition thou art in, and will be subservient to thee in all 
that thou requirest; for when by my servants I have cut 
down many and large trees, of Cedar and Cypress wood : 
I will send them to sea, and will order my subjects to make 
floats of them, and to sail to what place soever of thy 
country thou shalt desire, and leave them there; after which 
thy servants may carry them to Jerusalem : but do thou 


130 


MARK MASTER. 


take care to procure corn for this timber, which we stand 
much in need of, because we inhabit an island.” 

Josephus, speaking of the progress of the building, says: 
“ Solomon sent for an artificer out of Tyre, whose name 
was Hiram, by birth of the tribe of Naphtali, on the 
mother’s side. This man was skilful in all sorts of works, 
but his chief skill lay in working in gold, silver, and 
brass.” 

Solomon was wise in all the learning of the anpients; 
he was possessed of all the mystical knowledge of the east¬ 
ern nations ; and to perfect the same, was enlightened by 
the immediate gift of heaven. It was also the mode and 
manners of the times, in which the temple of Jerusalem 
was erected, to use emblematical arid symbolic ornaments 
in the public edifices; a fashion derived from the hiero¬ 
glyphic monuments of the Egyptians, and the mysterious 
mode in which their sages concealed their wisdom and 
learning from the vulgar eye, and communicated science to 
those of their own order only. 

The pillars erected at the porch of the temple were not 
only ornamental, but also carried with them an emblematical 
import in their names. The one being in its literal transla¬ 
tion, in thee is strength; and the other, it shall he esta¬ 
blished; which, by a very natural transposition, may be put 
thus : O Lord thou art mighty , and thy power is esta¬ 
blished from everlasting to everlasting: Or otherwise 
they might imply, as Boaz was the father of David, the 
house of David shall be established forever. I am justi¬ 
fied in this latter application, by the express words of 
Nathan the prophet unto David, inspired by the vision of 
the Lord. 

it Sam. vii. 12.—“ And when thy days be fulfilled, and 
thou shalt sleep with thy fathers; I will setup thy seed 
after thee, which shall proceed out of thy bowels, and I will 
establish his kingdom. 


MARK MASTER. 131 

Ver. 13. “He shall build an house for my name, and I 
will establish the throne of his kingdom for ever. 

Ver. 10. “And thine house and thy kingdom shall be 
established for ever before thee ; thy throne shall be esta - 
blished fur ever.” 

This degree of Masonry was not less useful in its original 
institution, nor are its effects less beneficial to mankind, than 
those which precede it. 

By the influence of this degree, each operative Mason, at 
the erection of the temple of Solomon, was known and dis* 
tinguished by the Senior Grand Warden. 

By its effects the disorder and confusion that might other¬ 
wise have attended so immense an undertaking was com¬ 
pletely prevented ; and not only the craftsmen themselves, 
who were eighty thousand in number, but every part of 
their workmanship, was discriminated with the greatest 
nicety, and the utmost facility. If defects were found, by 
the help of this degree, the overseers were enabled, without 
difficulty, to ascertain who was the faulty workman; so 
that deficiencies might be remedied without injuring the 
credit, or diminishing the reward of the industrious and 
faithful of the craft. 


CHARGE 

TO BE READ IN THE LODGE. 

“ Wherefore, brethren, lay aside all malice, and guile, 
and hypocrisies, and envies, and all evil speakings. 

“ If so be ye have tasted that the Lord is gracious, to 
whom coming as unto a living stone, disallowed indeed of 
men, but chosen of God, and precious; ye also, as living 
stones, be ye built up a spiritual house, an holy priesthood, 
to offer up sacrifices acceptable to God. 

“Wherefore, also, it is contained in the scriptures, Be¬ 
hold, I lay in Zion, for a foundation, a tried stone, a pre- 


132 


MARK MASTER. 


cious corner stone, a sure foundation; he that believeth 
shall not make haste to pass it over. Unto you, therefore, 
which believe, it is an honour; and even to them which be 
disobedient, the stone which the builders disallowed, the 
same is made the head of the corner. 

“ Brethren, this is the will of God, that with well-doing 
ye put to silence the ignorance of foolish men. As free, 
and not using your liberty for a cloak of maliciousness, but 
as the servants of God. Honour all men, love the brother¬ 
hood, fear God.” 


REMARKS ON THE FOURTH LECTURE. 

THE FIRST SECTION. 

The first section explains the manner of convocating and 
opening a Mark Master’s Lodge. It teaches the stations 
and duties of the respective officers, and recapitulates the 
mystic ceremony of introducing a candidate. 

In this section is exemplified the regularity and good 
order that was observed by the craftsmen on Mount Libanus, 
and in the plains and quarries of Zeredathah, and it ends 
with a beautiful display of the manner in which one of the 
principal events originated, which characterizes this degree. 

THE SECOND SECTION. 

In the second section the Mark Master is particularly 
instructed in the origin and history of this degree, and the 
indispensable obligations he is under to stretch forth his 
assisting hand to the relief of an indigent and worthy bro¬ 
ther, to a certain and specified extent. 

Charity, heaven-born charity, is here particularly incul¬ 
cated, and specially enjoined. 

In the course of the lecture, a selection of the following 



* f/c/ sAs/. 


rt c . 


Section Firs/ 


// 


Srct/o n Second. . 
















































MARK MASTER. 


133 


texts of scripture are introduced, and ought to be explained, 
viz: 

And Joshua wrote these words in the book of the law of 
God, and took a great stone , and set it up there under an 
oak, that was by the sanctuary of the Lord. — Josh. c. 24, 
v. 26. 

And Joshua said unto all the people, Behold, this stone 
shall be a witness unto us; for it hath heard all the words 
of the Lord which he spake unto us : it shall be therefore, 
a witness unto you, lest ye deny your God.— Josh. c. 24, 
v. 27. 

The stone which the builders refused is become the head 
stone of the corner.— Psalm c. 118, v. 22. 

Therefore, thus saith the Lord God, Behold I lay in 
Zion for a foundation, a stone, a tried stone, a precious cor¬ 
ner stone , a sure foundation: he that believeth shall not 
make haste.— Isa. c. 28, v. 16. 

A new heart also will I give you, and a new spirit will I 
put within you : and I will take away the stony heart out 
of your flesh, and I will give you an heart of flesh.— Eze. 
c. 56, v. 26. 

Then he brought me back the way of the gate of the out¬ 
ward sanctuary which looketh toward the east, and it was 
shut.— Eze. c. 44, v. 1. 

It is for the prince; the prince, he shall sit in it to eat 
bread before the Lord ; he shall enter by the way of the 
porch of that gate, and shall go out by the way of the same. 
— Eze. c. 44, v. 3. 

And the Lord said unto me, Son of man, mark well, 
and behold with thine eyes, and hear with thine ears all that 
1 say unto thee, concerning all the ordinances of the house 
of the Lord, and all the laws thereof; and mark well the 
entering in of the house, with every going forth of the sanc¬ 
tuary.— Eze. c. 44. v. 5. 

And did ye never read in the scriptures, The stone which 

12 


134 


MARK MASTER. 


the builders rejected, the same is become the head of the 
corner: this is the Lord’s doing, and it is marvellous in 
our eyes ? 

And have ye not read this scripture; The stone which 
the builders rejected, is become the head of the corner. 

And he beheld them, and said, What is this then that is 
written, The stone which the builders rejected, the same is 
become the head of the corner ? 

This is the stone which was set at nought of you build¬ 
ers, which is become the head of the corner. 

He that hath an ear, let him hear; To him that over- 
comelh will 1 give to eat of the hidden manna, and will give 
him a white stone , and in the stone a new name written, 
which no man knoweth, saving he that receiveth it. 

The working tools of a Mark Master are the chisel and 
mallet. 

The chisel morally demonstrates the advantages of disci¬ 
pline and education. The mind, like the diamond, in its 
original state, is rude and unpolished ; but, as the effect of 
the chisel on the external coat soon presents to view the 
latent beauties of the diamond, so education discovers the 
latent virtues of the mind, and draws them forth to range 
the large field of matter and space, to display the summit of 
human knowledge, our duty to God and to man. 

The mallet morally teaches us to correct irregularities, 
and to reduce man to a proper level; so that, by quiet de¬ 
portment, he may, in the school of discipline, learn to be 
content. What the mallet is to the workman, enlightened 
reason is to the passions: it curbs ambition, it depresses 
envy ; it moderates anger, and it encourages good disposi¬ 
tions ; whence arises, among good Masons, that comely 
order, 


“ Which nothing earthly gives, or can destroy— 
The soul’s calm sunshine, and the heart-felt joy.” 


MARK MASTER. 


135 


CHARGE, 

TO BE DELIVERED WHEN A CANDIDATE IS ADVANCED TO THE 
FOURTH DEGREE. 

Brother: 

I congratulate you on having been thought worthy of 
being promoted to this honourable degree of Masonry. 
Permit me to impress it on your mind, that your assiduity 
should ever be commensurate with your duties, which be¬ 
come more and more extensive as you advance in Masonry 

The situation to which you are now promoted will draw 
upon you not only the scrutinizing eyes of the world at 
large, but those also of your brethren, on whom this degree 
of Masonry has not been conferred: all will be justified in 
expecting your conduct and behaviour to be such as may 
with safety be imitated. 

In the honourable character of Mark Master Mason, it is 
more particularly your duty to endeavour to let your con¬ 
duct in the lodge, and among your brethren, be such as may 
stand the test of the Grand Overseer’s square, that you may 
not, like the unfinished and imperfect work of the negligent 
and unfaithful of former times, be rejected and thrown aside, 
as unfit for that spiritual building, that house not made with 
hands, eternal in the heavens. 

While such is your conduct, should misfortunes assail 
you, should friends forsake you, should envy traduce your 
good name, and malice persecute you ; yet may you have 
confidence, that among Mark Master Masons, you will find 
friends who will administer relief to your distresses, and 
comfort in your afflictions; ever bearing in mind, as a con¬ 
solation under all the frowns of fortune, and as an encour¬ 
agement to hope for better prospects, that the stone ivfyich 
the builders rejected , (possessing merits to them unknown) 
became the chief stone of the corner . 


136 


MARK MASTER. 


The following passages of Holy Writ, serve, in an emi¬ 
nent manner, to elucidate this degree 

Exodus , xxii. 26.—“ If thou at all take thy neighbour’s 
raiment to pledge ; thou shalt deliver it unto him by that the 
sun goeth down.” 

Deuteronomy , xxiv. 6.—“ No man shall take the nether 
or the upper mill-stone to pledge : for he taketh a man's 
life to pledge.” 

The following song is sung previous to closing— 

Air —“ God save great Washington .” 

Mark Masters, all appear 
Before the Chief O’erseer; 

In concert move; 

Let him your work inspect 
For the Chief Architect; 

If there is no defect, 

He will approve. 


Those who have pass’d the square 
For your rewards prepare, 

Join heart and hand; 

Each with his mark in view , 
March with the just and true ; 
Wages to you are due, 

At your command. 


Hiram, the widow’s son, 
Sent unto Solomon 

Our great key-stone; 
On it appears the name 
Which raises high the fame 
Of all to whom the same 
Is truly known. 



MARK MASTER. 


137 


Now to the westward move, 
Where, full of strength and love, 
Hiram doth stand; 

But if impostors are 
Mix’d with the worthy there. 
Caution them to beware 
Of the right hand. 

Now to the praise of those 
Who triumph’d o’er the foes 
Of Mason’s art; 

To the praiseworthy three, 

Who founded this degree : 

May all their virtues be 

Deep in our hearts. 


Previous to closing, the following Parable is recited. 

Matthew xx. 1 — 16 . 

“ For the kingdom of heaven is like unto a man that is 
an householder, which went out early in the morning 
to hire labourers into his vineyard. And when he 
had agreed with the labourers for a penny a day, he sent 
them into his vineyard. And he went out about the third 
hour, and saw others standing idle in the market place, and 
said unto them, Go ye also into the vineyard, and whatso¬ 
ever is right, I will give you.—And they went their way. 
And again he went out about the sixth and ninth hour, and 
did likewise. And about the eleventh hour, he went out 
and found others standing idle, and saith unto them, Why 
stand ye here all the day idle. They say unto him, Because 
no man hath hired us. He saith unto them, Go ye also 
into the vineyard, and whatsoever is right, that shall ye 
receive. So, when even was come, the lord of the vine¬ 
yard saith unto his steward, Call the labourers, and give 
them their hire, beginning from the last unto the first. And 

12 * 


138 


MARK MASTER. 


when they came that were hired about the eleventh hour, 
they received every man a penny. But when the first 
came, they supposed that they should have received more, 
and they likewise received every man a penny. And when 
they received it, they murmured against the good man of 
the house, These last have wrought but one hour, and thou 
hast made them equal unto us, which have borne the burden 
and heat of the day. But he answered one of them, and 
said, Friend, I do thee no wrong; didst thou not agree with 
me for a penny ? Take that thine is, and go thy way; I 
will give unto this last even as unto thee. Is it not lawful 
for me to do what I will with mine own? Is thine eye evil, 
because I am good ? So the last shall be first, and the first 
last: for many be called, but few chosen.” 

A PRAYER, 

TO BE USED AT THE CLOSING OF A LODGE OF 
MARK MASTER MASONS. 

11Y HEY. BROTHER JOHN HARGROVE, GRAND CHAPLAIN OF MARYLAND 


Glorious Architect of the Universe—who alone art infi¬ 
nite and eternal, omnipotent, omniscient, and omnipresent. 

We desire gratefully to acknowledge thy protecting 
mercy, through all the past and perilous scenes of life; and 
we beseech thee still to continue to be gracious; and to 
increase in us all those heavenly dispositions, which are 
calculated to dignify our character as men, and as Masons; 
that we may thereby be enabled to let our “ tight shine 
before men,” and aid in promoting the strength and beauty 
of thy spiritual temple. 

And whether we be stationed, by thee, our gracious and 
unerring Grand Master, in the plains of Zeredathah, or on 
the mountains of Libanus ; whether in using the chisel and 
the mallet, on the rough ashler, or in putting on the top- 


MARK MASTER. 


139 


stone of our mystic building ; do thou, in mercy, direct thy 
holy angels, whom thou hast stationed at the four corners 
of the earth, to restrain the four winds of the earth; (or 
every evil influence) from operating to the injury of any of 
thy faithful workmen, until they be called oflf from all their 
earthly labours, to receive the wages thou hast promised 
them, and be sealed in their foreheads, and receive that 
white stone , in which there is a new name , that none know- 
eth, save him who receiveth it. 

And to thee, our great Creator, and gracious Redeemer 
and Benefactor, we will ascribe, as in duty bound, all pos¬ 
sible “ blessing, and honour, and glory, and power,” now, 
and for evermore. Amen . 

The ceremony of closing a lodge in this degree, when 
properly conducted, is peculiarly interesting. It assists in 
strengthening the social affections ; it teaches us the duty 
we owe to our brethren in particular, and the whole family 
of mankind in general, by ascribing praise to the meritorious, 
and dispensing rewards to the diligent and industrious. 


PAST MASTER. 


OBSERVATIONS ON THE DEGREE OF I*AST MASTER. 

Formerly none but those, who, having by a steady line 
of conduct, and the most unremitting exertions, in the cause 
of Masonry, been selected by their brethren, and placed as 
chief overseers of the work, were made acquainted with 
the mysteries contained in this degree, and such only wer-e 
considered, as legally authorized to sit and act, as represen¬ 
tatives in the general grand conventions; but in conse¬ 
quence of the manner in which the divine influence of 
Masonry lias been extended over the greater part of the 
habitable globe, it has been found convenient to confer this 
knowledge to any worthy Master, who may obtain the 
unanimous consent of the Past Masters of the lodge, of 
which he is at the time a member.* No Master can, how¬ 
ever, obtain the honorary degree of Past Master in any other 
lodge, than that of which he is a working member, except 
in a chapter of R. A. Masons, who possess the privilege 
of conferring all the intermediate degrees, by a right inhe¬ 
rent in them. 

“ It is a degree which should be carefully studied, and 
well understood, by every Master of a lodge. It treats of 
the government of our society; the disposition of our 
rulers; and illustrates their requisite qualifications. It 
includes the ceremony of opening and closing lodges in 

* In the State of Pennsylvania, any Master Mason, upon a recom¬ 
mendation of the lodge of which he is a member, can obtain a dispen* 
Ration to pass the chair. 

140 




































































































' 


» 






# 










































































PAST MASTER. 


14 L 


the several preceding degrees ; and also the forms of 
installation and consecration ; in the Grand Lodge, as 
well as private lodges. It comprehends the ceremonies at 
laying the foundation stones of public buildings, and also 
at dedications and at funerals, by a variety of particulars 
explanatory of those ceremonies.” 

The following passages of Scripture , serve to elucidate 
the foregoing degree: 

Revelations , xi. 1 . “ And there was given me a reed like 
unto a rod; and the angel stood, saying, rise and measure 
the temple of God, and the altar, and them that worship 
therein.” 

Ezekiel , xi. 3. “ And he brought me thither, and behold, 
there was a man, whose appearance was like the appear¬ 
ance of brass; with a line of flax in his hand, and a mea¬ 
suring reed; and he stood in the gate. 

4. “ And the man said unto me, Son of man behold with 
thine eyes, and hear with thine ears, and set thine heart 
upon all that I shall shew thee; for the intent that I might 
shew them unto thee, art thou brought hither: declare all 
that thou seest to the house of Israel, 

6. “Then came he unto the gate which looketh toward 
the east, and went up the stairs thereof, and measured the 
threshold of the gate, which was one reed broad ; and the 
other threshold of the gate, which was one reed broad. 

8. “ He measured also the porch of the gate within, one 
reed. 

26. “ And there were seven steps to go up to it, and the 
arches thereof were before them : and it had palm-trees, one 
on this side, and another on that side, upon the posts thereof. 

32. “ And he brought me into the inner court toward the 
east: and he measured the gate according to these measures. 

49. “ The length of the porch was twenty cubits, and 
the breadth eleven cubits ; and he brought me by the steps 


142 


FAST MASTER. 


whereby they went up to it : and there were pillars* by 
the posts, one on this side, and another on that side.” 

Jeremiah , xv. 19. “ Thon shalt stand before me : and 
if thou take forth the precious from the vile, thou shalt 
be as my mouth.” 


CHAPTER I. 

THE MANNER OF CONSTITUTING A LODGE, 
INCLUDING THE CEREMONY OF CON¬ 
SECRATION AND INSTALLATION. 

SECTION I. 

ON THE MANNER OF CONSTITUTING A LODGE. 

Any number of Master Masons, not under seven, 
desirous of forming a new Lodge, must apply by petition 
to the Grand Lodge of the State in which they reside, as 
follows : 


FORM OF A PETITION FOR A NEW LODGE. 

To the M. W. Grand Lodge of the State of- 

The undersigned petitioners, being Ancient Free and 
Accepted Master Masons, having the prosperity of the 
fraternity at heart, and willing to exert their best endea¬ 
vours to promote and diffuse the genuine principles of 
Masonry, respectfully represent—That they are desirous 

of forming a new Lodge in the-of-to be 

named-No.-They therefore pray for letters 

of dispensation, or a warrant of Constitution, to empower 
them to assemble as a legal Lodge, to discharge the duties 
of Masonry, in a regular and constitutional manner, 

* See I. Kings, vii. 21. <tnci II. Chronicles, iii. 16. 








PAST MASTER. 


143 


according to the original forms of the Order, and the 
regulations of the Grand Lodge. They have nominated 
and do recommend brother A. B., to be the first Master ; 
0. D. to be the first Senior Warden, and E. F. to be the 
first Junior Warden, of said Lodge. If the prayer of the 
petition shall be granted, they promise a strict conformity 
to the constitution, laws and regulations of the Grand 
Lodge. 


CEREMONY OF CONSTITUTION. 

On the day and hour appointed for the constitution of 
the new Lodge, the brethren thereof will assemble in the 
Lodge-room. 

The Grand Master and his officers (or the brother 
authorized by the Grand Master, for the purpose, with 
such other brethren, as he shall call to his assistance) meet 
at the same time in some place convenient to the Lodge- 
room. 

The officers of the new Lodge are then to wait upon 
the Grand Master, who will request the Deputy Grand 
Master to make the necessary examination, on which duty 
he will immediately enter, and on its completion, the pro¬ 
posed officers of the new Lodge, will return to the Lodge- 
room. 

The members of the new Lodge are then to send a 
messenger to the Grand Master, who will address him as 
follows : 

Most Worshipful, 

The officers and brethren of - Lodge, who are 

low assembled at- have instructed me to inform 

you, that the Most Worshipful Grand Lodge, (or Grand 
Master) was pleased to grant them a charter, authorizing 
them to. form and open a Lodge of Free and Accepted 

Masons, in the-of-; they are now desirous 

that their Lodge should be consecrated, and their officers 






144 


PAST MASTER. 


installed, agreeably to the ancient usages and customs of 
the craft; for which purpose they are now met, and await 
the pleasure of the Most Worshipful Grand Master. 

He then returns to his Lodge, who prepare for the 
reception of the Grand Lodge. When notice is given 
that they are prepared, the Grand Lodge walk in proces¬ 
sion to their hall. When the Grand Master enters, the 
Grand honours are given by the new Lodge ; the officers of 
which resign their seats to the Grand officers, and take 
their several stations on their left. 

The necessary cautions are then given, and all, except¬ 
ing Masters, and Past Masters of Lodges, are requested 
to retire until the Master of the new Lodge is placed in 
the Oriental Chair, he is then bound to the faithful per¬ 
formance of his trust, and duly invested. 

Upon due notice the Grand Marshal re-conducts the 
brethren into the hall, and all take their places, except 
the members of the new Lodge, who form a procession on 
one side of the hall, to salute their Master. As they 
advance the Grand Master addresses them, u Brethren > 
Behold your Master /” 

As they pass, they make the proper salutation, and 
■when they have all passed, he joins them, and takes his 
appointed station. 

A grand procession is then formed in the following 
order, viz :— 


Tyler, with a drawn Sword; 
Two Stewards, with White Rods; 
Entered Apprentices ; 
Fellow Crafts ; 

Master Masons ; 

Stewards ; 

Junior Deacons ; 

Senior Deacons ; 
Secretaries j 


PAST MASTER* 


145 


Treasurers ; 

Past Wardens 5 

«5 Junior Wardens; 

^ 7 

< Senior Wardens ; 

W 7 

^ Past Masters ; 

g Mark Masters ; 

Royal Arch Masons ; 

Knights Templars ; 

Masters of Lodges. 

The New Lodge. 

Tyler, with a drawn Sword ; 

Stewards, with White Rods ; 

Entered Apprentices ] 

Fellow Crafts } 

Master Masons ; 

Deacons ; 

Secretary and Treasurer; 

Two Brethren carrying the Master’s Carpet; 
Junior and Senior Wardens ; 

The Holy Writings, carried by the oldest member not 
in office; 

The W. Master. 

Music, 

The Grand Lodge. 

G-rand Tyler, with a drawn Sword ; 

Grand Stewards, with White Rods 5 
Brother, carrying a Golden Vessel with corn ; 
Two Brethren, carrying Silver Vessels, one of Wine, 
the other of Oil ; 

Grand Secretaries ; 

Grand Treasurers; 

A Past Master, Bearing the Holy Writings ; 
Square and Compasses, supported by Two Stewards, 
with Rods ; 

13 


146 


PAST MASTER. 


Two Burning Tapers, Lome by Two Past Masters, 
Clergy and Orator ; 

The Tuscan and Composite Orders 
^ The Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian Orders ; 

^ Past Grand Wardens ; 

ej Past Deputy Grand Masters ; 

^ Past Grand Masters ; • 

The Globes ; ✓ 

Junior and Senior Grand Wardens ; 

Right Worshipful Deputy Grand Master ; 

The Master of the Oldest Lodge, carrying the Book 
of Constitutions ; 

The M. W. Grand Master ; 

The Grand Deacons, on a line seven feet apart, on the 
right and left of the Grand Master, with Black 
Rods ; 

Grand Standard Bearer ; 

Grand Sword Bearer, with a drawn Sword ; 

Two Stewards with White Rods. 

The procession moves on to the church or house where 
the services are to be performed. When the front of the 
procession arrives at the door, they halt, open to the right 
and left, and face inward, while the Grand Master, and 
others, in succession, pass through and enter the house. 

A platform is erected in front of the pulpit, and pro¬ 
vided with seats for the accommodation of the Grand 
Officers. 

The Holy Bible, Square, and Compasses, and Book of 
Constitutions are placed upon a table in front of the 
Grand Master, the flooring is then spread in the centre, 
upon the platform, covered with white satin, or linen, and 
encompassed by the three tapers, and the vessels of Corn, 
Wine, and Oil. 


PAST MASTER. 


147 


SERVICES. 

1 A piece of Music. 

2. Prayer. 

3. An Oration. 

4. A piece of Music. 

5. The Grand Marshal forms the Officers, and members 
of the new Lodge in front of the Grand Master. The 
Deputy Grand Master addresses the Grand Master as 
follows : 

Most Worshipful:—A number of brethren duly in¬ 
structed in the mysteries of Masonry, having assembled 
together at stated periods, for some time past, by virtue 
of a dispensation granted them for that purpose, do now 
desire to be constituted into a regular Lodge , agreeably to 
the ancient usages and customs of the fraternity.' 

Their Secretary then delivers the dispensation and 
records to the Master elect; who presents them to the 
Grand Master. 

The Grand Master examines the records, and if they 
are found correct, proclaims, 

<l The records appear to be properly entered, and are 
approved. Upon due deliberation, the Grand Lodge have 
granted the brethren of this new Lodge, a charter, con¬ 
firming them in the rights and privileges of a regularly 
constituted Lodge; which the Grand Secretary will now 
read.” 

After the charter is read, the Grand Master then says, 

“ We shall now proceed, according to ancient usage, to 
constitute these brethren into a regular Lodge.” 

Whereupon the several officers of the new Lodge deliver 
up their jewels and badges to their Master, who presents 
them, with his own, to the Deputy Grand Master, and he 
to the Grand Master. 

The Deputy Grand Master now presents the Master 
elect of the new Lodge, to the Grand Master, saying, 


148 


PAST MASTER. 


u Most Worshipful:—I present you Brother-, 

whom the members of the Lodge now to be constituted, 
have chosen for their Master.” 

The Grand Master asks them if they remain satisfied 
with their choice. (They bow in token of assent.) 

The Master then presents, severally, his Wardens and 
other officers, naming them and their respective offices. 
The Grand Master asks the brethren if they remain satis¬ 
fied with each and all of them. (They bow as before.) 

The officers and members of the new Lodge then form 
in front of the Grand Master, and the business of conse¬ 
cration commences with solemn music. 

CEREMONY OP CONSECRATION. 

The Grand Master attended by the Grand officers and 
the Grand Chaplain, form themselves in order, round the 
Lodge, which is then uncovered, while a piece of solemn 
music is performed. The first clause of the Consecration 
Prayer is rehearsed, as follows :— 

“ Great Architect of the Universe l Maker and Euler 
of all Worlds! deign, from thy celestial temple, from 
realms of light and glory, to bless us in all the purposes 
of our present assembly ! 

We humbly invoke Thee to give us, at this and at all 
times, Wisdom in all our doings, Strength of mind in all 
our difficulties, and the Beauty of harmony in all our 
communications! 

Permit us, 0 thou Author of Light and Life, great 
Source of Love and Happiness, to erect this Lodge, and 
now solemnly to consecrate it to the honour of Thy glory ! 

Glory be to God on high.” 

[Response by the Brethren .] 

“ As it was in the beginning, is now, and ever shall be ! 
Amen.” 

During the response, the Deputy Grand Master, and 



PAST MASTER. 


149 


the Grand Wardens, take the Vessels of Corn, Wine and 
Oil, and Sprinkle the elements of Consecration upon the 
Lodge. 

The Grand Chaplain then continues, 

Grant, 0 Lord our God, that those who are now about 
to be invested with the government of this Lodge, may be 
endued with wisdom to instruct their brethren in all their 
duties. 

May Brotherly Love , Relief , and Truth , always prevail 
among the members of this Lodge ; and may this bond of 
union continue to strengthen the lodges throughout the 
world ! 

Bless all our brethren, wherever dispersed ; and grant 
speedy relief to all who are either oppressed or dis¬ 
tressed. 

We affectionately commend to Thee all the members of 
Thy whole family. May they increase in the knowledge 
of Thee, and in the love of each other. 

Finally ; May we finish all our work here below, with 
thine approbation ; and then have our transition from this 
earthly abode to thy heavenly temple above, there to 
enjoy light, glory and bliss ineffable and eternal! 

Glory be to God on high. [Response, as before.] 

A piece of solemn music is performed while the Lodge 
is covered. 

The Grand Chaplain then Dedicates the Lodge in the 
following terms : 

To the memory of Holy Saints John, we dedicate 
this Lodge. May every brother revere their character, 
and imitate their virtues. 

“ Glory be to God on high,” 

[Response.] “ Amen ! So mote it be ! Amen!” 

A piece of music is then performed, whilst the brethren 
of the new Lodge advance in procession, to salute the 

13 ' 


150 


PAST MASTER. 


Grand Lodge, with their hands crossed upon their breasts, 
and bowing as they pass. 

The Grand Master then rises, and Constitutes the new 
Lodge in the following form : 

In the name of the Most Worshipful Grand Lodge, I 
now constitute and form you, my brethren, into a Lodge 
of Free and Accepted Masons. From henceforth I 
empower you to act as a regular Lodge, constituted in 
conformity to the rites of our Order, and the charge of 
our ancient and honourable fraternity; and may the 
Supreme Architect of the universe prosper, direct and 
counsel you in all your doings. 

[Response.] “ So mote it be !” 


CEREMONY OF INSTALLATION. 


The Grand Master asks the Deputy Grand Master, 

“ Have you examined the Master nominated in the war¬ 
rant ; and do you find him well skilled in the science of 
Masonry, and worthy to be invested with the government 
of a Lodge ?” 

The Deputy Grand Master answering in the affirmative, 
the Grand Master says, “ Present him to me.” 

The Deputy Grand Master takes the Master by the hand, 
and presents him to the Grand Master, saying— 

“ Most TVor shipful —I present to you my brother G. 
M. to be installed Master of the Lodge in this place. I 
find him to be of good morals and of great skill, true and 
trusty; and a lover of the whole fraternity, wheresoever 
dispersed over the face of the earth ; and I doubt not he 
will discharge his duty with fidelity.” 

The Grand Master then says to him, 

“ Brother -, previous to your investiture, it is 

proper that you signify your assent to those ancient charges 
and regulations, which contain the duty of a Master of a 
lodge. They will be read to you by the Grand Secretary.” 

The following are accordingly read : 

“ You agree to be a good man and true ; and strictly to 
obey the moral law. 

“ You agree to be a peaceable citizen, and cheerfully to 
conform to the laws of the country in which you reside. 

“You promise not to be concerned in plots andconspira- 

* This proclamation must be made in the name of the Grand Master, 
in cases where he is not present. 


151 



152 


PAST MASTER. 


cies against government, but patiently to submit to the deci¬ 
sions of the supreme legislature. 

“You agree to pay a proper respect to the civil magis¬ 
trate; to work diligently, live creditably, and act honourably 
by all men. 

“ You agree to hold in veneration the original rulers and 
patrons of the order of Masonry, and their regular succes¬ 
sors, supreme and subordinate, according to their stations ; 
and to submit to the awards and resolutions of your breth¬ 
ren, in general chapter convened, in every case consistent 
with the constitutions of the order. 

“ You agree to avoid private quarrels, and to guard 
against all intemperance and excess. 

“You agree to be cautious in your behaviour, courteous 
to your brethren, and faithful to your lodge. 

“ You promise to respect true and faithful brethren, and 
to discountenance all impostors. 

“ You agree to promote the general good, to cultivate the 
social virtues, and to propagate the knowledge of true 
Masonry.” 

On the Master signifying his assent to these charges, the 
Secretary proceeds to read the following regulations : 

“ You promise to submit to the Grand Master for the 
time being, and to his officers, when duly installed ; and 
strictly to conform to every regulation of the Grand Lodge, 
or General Assembly of Masons, that is not subversive of 
the principles of Masonry. 

“ You admit that it is not in the power of any man, or 
body of men, to make alteration or innovation in Masonry. 

“You promise a regular attendance on the committees 
and communications of the Grand Lodge, on receiving pro¬ 
per notice ; and to pay attention to all the duties of Masonry 
on convenient occasions. 

“ You admit that no new lodge should be formed, with* 


PAST MASTER. 153 

out permission of the Grand Master, and with the consent 
of the Grand Lodge. 

“ You admit that no person can be regularly made a 
Mason, or admitted into any lodge, without previous notice, 
and due inquiry into his character. 

“ You promise that no visiter shall be received into your 
lodge, without due examination, or producing proper 
vouchers of their having been made in a regular lodge. 

“ These are the regulations of free and accepted Masons : 

The Grand Master then addresses the Master elect in the 
following manner: 

“ Do you submit to these charges, and promise to sup¬ 
port these regulations, as Masters have done in all ages 
before you !” 

The new Master having signified his submission, the 
Grand Master says: 

“ Brother , In consequence of your conformity to the 
charges and regulations of the order, you are now to be in¬ 
stalled Master of this new lodge, in full confidence of your 
care, skill and capacity to govern the same.” 

He then invests him with his jewel, and thus addresses 
him : 

“ I invest you with the honourable badge of the office of 
Master of this lodge. And now present you the insignia 
of your office, and the necessary furniture of your lodge.* 

“This [great lighf] will guide you to all truth; will 
direct you to the temple of love; and point to you the 
whole duty of man. 

“ This square, the use of which is ‘ to bring all rude 
matter into form,’ teaches you to form and instruct all 


* When the Grand Master is present, this ceremony may be per¬ 
formed by the Deputy Grand Master; but, in all other cases, it. should 
be performed by the presiding brother, whether as officer of the Grand 
Lodge, or deputy for the occasion. 


154 


VAST MASTER. 


Masons under your care, and to make them perfect in their 
order. 

“The compasses direct you to keep your brethren within 
the limits of Masonry; and so to regulate your lodge, that 
none be admitted but such as are worthy that higher sphere 
of merit and of worth. 

“I present you, also, this book, which contains the Con¬ 
stitutions of Masonry. Search it at all times. Let it be 
read in your lodge ; that none may pretend ignorance of 
the excellent precepts it enjoins. I also place in your per¬ 
sonal custody, the charter or warrant; [making such re¬ 
marks as are well known to the expert workman.]] 

“ Lastly, I give into your charge the by-laws of your 
lodge. See that every member abides by them.” 

After this, the jewels of the officers of the new lodge 
being returned to the Master, he delivers them to the several 
members of the Grand Lodge, who proceed to invest the 
other officers: the Grand Wardens investing the Wardens 
of the new lodge, the Grand Secretary the Secretary, and 
so on; each giving a short charge.* 

TO THE SENIOR WARDEN. 

“ Brother, I invest you with the badge of your office. 

“ This level, as an instrument in your hands, you will 
use to preserve that equality which ought to subsist among 
Masons, which nature assignsand which love requires. 

“ Your regular attendance on the stated and special meet¬ 
ings is highly expedient. In the presence of the Master 
you are to assist him in the government of the lodge, and 
in his absence to take the charge of it. 

“You will undoubtedly discharge with faithfulness the 

* The officers of the new lodge should be presented to the Grand 
officers who invest them, by the Grand Marshal. 


PAST MASTER. 


155 


duties of this important office, and become a pillar of 
strength to the Lodge.—Look well to the west!” 

TO THE JUNIOR WARDEN. 

“ Brother, I invest you with the badge of your office, as 
Junior Warden of this lodge. 

“ The plumb teaches you to act with that uprightness 
which belongs to your office. 

“Your regular and punctual attendance on the lodge is 
particularly requested. 

“ The examination of visiters is within your care. 

“In the absence of the Master and Senior Warden you 
know your duty; and will then, and at all times, faithfully 
discharge it. 

“ Beautify your column in the temple of Masonry.” 

TO THE SECRETARY. 

“ Brother ,—I invest you with the badge of your office, 
as Secretary to this lodge. 

“ It is your province to keep the records regularly, fairly, 
and faithfully : To examine and settle accounts ; and to 
issue summonses at the Master’s direction. 

“Your love to the craft, and attachment to this lodge, 
will induce you cheerfully to fulfil the duties of your office; 
and in so doing you will merit the esteem of your brethren.” 

TO THE TREASURER. 

“ Brother ,—I invest you with the badge of your office, 
as Treasurer of this lodge. 

“ Your honour, and the confidence the brethren repose in 
you, will excite to that faithfulness in the discharge of the 
duty of your office, which its important nature demands.” 


156 


PAST MASTER. 


TO THE SENIOR DEACON. 

“ Brother ,—I invest you with the badge of your office, 
as Senior Deacon of this lodge. 

“You are sensible that your station is not one of the 
least important. 

“You will be attentive to the Master; careful in intro¬ 
ducing visiters, and in accommodating them. 

“ Be watchful in preparation. And, although you halt at 
the door of the temple, lead those rightly who require it. 

“ Your regular attendance on the lodge will be your duty 
and inclination.” 


TO THE JUNIOR DEACON. 

“ Brother ,—I invest you with the badge of your office, 
as Junior Deacon of this lodge. 

“ What is delivered to you in the west , faithfully carry 
to the south. 

“To that which is more immediately your care, be par¬ 
ticularly attentive. 

“ Prepare duly. Lead upon the square. And prompt 
like a workman. 

“Your regular and early attendance upon the lodge is 
highly necessary.” 

TO THE FIRST STEWARD, OR MASTER OF CEREMONIES. 

“ Brother ,—I invest you with the badge of your office, 
as first steward of this lodge. 

“ You are to make necessary provision, by the advice of 
the Master, and see the table furnished at his command. 
You are to keep an exact account of all expenses for sup¬ 
plies, and give information of what may be in store, or 
what may be wanting. 


PAST MASTER. 


157 


“ Your regular and early attendance on the lodge will be 
a sure proof of your attachment to it.” 

TO THE SECOND STEWARD, OR MASTER OF CEREMONIES. 

“ Brother ,—I invest you with the badge of your office, 
as Second Steward to this lodge. 

“Encourage the labourers at their work. 

“ Be punctual: and let your countenance delight them.” 

TO THE TYLER. 

“ Brother ,—I invest you with the badge of your office, 
as Tyler to this lodge. 

“ A faithful discharge of your duty is necessary for the 
safety of the craft: and your constant attendance upon the 
lodge cannot be dispensed with, but by the permission of 
the Master.” 

The Master of the new lodge then returns thanks to the 
Grand Master and officers, in the following words:* 

Right Worshipful.—Permit me to render to you, and to 
the Grand Lodge, my thanks, and the thanks of this Lodge, 
for the honour now conferred on us. 

It will be our care and delight to cultivate the sublime 
art, and assiduously to perform the duty incumbent on us.f 

The Grand Master, or some specially appointed brother, 
then delivers an address to the brethren. 

The Grand Master then proclaims the lodge by its name 
and style, and orders the Grand Secretary to register the 
same in the archives^of the Grand Lodge. 


* Or in such other appropriate address as he may prepare or select. 

■f- The Master need not confine himself to this form of thanks. The 
principal object is the style and subject, which may be varied at plea¬ 


sure. 


14 


158 


PAST MASTER. 


At the constituting a new lodge, the Grand Master or his 
Deputy installs the officers; in the subordinate lodges the 
Master performs that ceremony. 


CHAPTER II. 

CEREMONY OBSERVED AT LAYING THE FOUNDATION 
OF PUBLIC BUILDINGS. 

This ceremony is conducted by the Grand Master and his 
officers, assisted by the members of the Grand Lodge, who 
are usually invited by the civic authorities for the purpose 
of laying the foundation of some public edifice. 

Th'e members of the neighbouring lodges are invited on 
the occasion ; the chief magistrate and other civil officers 
of the place where the building is to be erected are in 
attendance ; the ceremony is thus conducted : 

At the appointed time, the Grand Lodge is convened at 
some place in the neighbourhood of the intended structure, 
(approved by the Grand Master.) Music is usually pro¬ 
vided, and the brethren appear with the insignia of the 
order, and with white gloves and aprons. The lodge is 
opened by the Grand Master, and the rules for forming the 
procession to and from the place at which the ceremony is 
to be performed, are read by the Grand Secretary, and com¬ 
mitted to the Grand Marshal. The necessary cautions are 
then given from the chair, and the lodge is adjourned : after 
which they move in procession to the place for the founda¬ 
tion of the building. 

A triumphal arch is usually erected at the place where 
the ceremony is to be performed ; under which the brethren 
pass, and repair to their stations, and the Grand Master and 
his officers take their place on a temporary platform, cov- 



PAST MASTER. 


159 


ered with a carpet. An ode, suited to the occasion, is then 
sung.* 

The Grand Master commands silence, and the necessary 
preparations are made for laying the stone, on which is 
engraved the year of Masonry, with the name and titles of 
the Grand Master, &c. &e. The workmen’s tools are 
presented to the Grand Master; who applies the square, 
plumb, and level to the stone, in their proper positions, and 
pronounces it to be “ well formed, true and trusty.” The 
stone is next raised up, by means of an engine erected for 
that purpose, and the Grand Chaplain repeats the following 
prayer: 

“ May the Grand Architect of the Universe grant a bles¬ 
sing orj this foundation stone, which we have now laid; and 
by his Providence enable us to finish this and all our works 
with skill and success.—Glory be to God in the highest!” 

Response by the brethren .—As it was in the beginning, 
is now, and ever shall be—Amen !—so mote it be—Amen ! 

Solemn music is next introduced ; after which the Grand 
Treasurer, by the Grand Master’s command, places under 
the stone various sorts of coin and medals of the present 
age : and the stone is placed as it is to lie. 

The cornucopia and two silver vases are next brought to 
the table, and delivered; the cornucopia to the Deputy 
Grand Master, and the two vases to the Wardens, who suc¬ 
cessively present them to the Grand Master ; and he, accord¬ 
ing to ancient ceremony, pours the corn, the wine, and the 
oil, which they contain, on the stone, saying, 

“ May the all-bounteous Author of nature bless the inha¬ 
bitants of this place with all the necessaries, conveniences, 
and comforts of life—assist in the erection and completing 
of this building ;* protect the workmen against every acci¬ 
dent, and long preserve this structure from decay. And 


See Songs. 


160 


PAST MASTER. 


grant to us all, in needed supply, the corn of nourishment, 
the wine of refreshment, and the oil of joy.—Amen !—so 
mote it be—Amen.” 

He then strikes the stone thrice with the mallet: and the 
honours of Masonry are given. 

The Grand Master then delivers over to the master work¬ 
man the various implements of architecture, intrusting him 
with the superintendance and direction of the work ; after 
which he re-ascends the platform, and an oration suitable 
to the occasion is delivered. 

A song in honour of Masonry concludes the ceremony: 
and then the procession returns, and the lodge is closed in 
form.* 


CHAPTER III. 

CEREMONY AT THE OPENING OF A BRIDGE. 

Tiie Grand Lodge, neighbouring lodges, and brethren, 
move in procession to the new bridge, attended by the 
magistrates and gentlemen of the vicinity. They form, in 
order, at the entrance of the bridge. The Grand Master, 
with his Wardens, then examines the work and finding it 
to be “ well constructed and fit for public use,” he causes 
proclamation to be made accordingly. The grand honours 
are then given—a short address is made, and an ode sung, 
adapted to the occasion. 

They then march over the bridge, and return with music. 
The proclamations are again made. After which, there is a 
discharge of artillery. 

The Grand Lodge then returns in procession, and is 
closed in form. 


See Songs. 


PAST MASTER. 


161 


CHAPTER IV. 

CEREMONY OBSERVED AT THE DEDICATION OR CON¬ 
SECRATION OF MASONS’ HALLS. 


On the day appointed for the celebration of dedication, 
the Grand Master and his officers, accompanied by the 
members of the Grand Lodge, meet in a convenient room 
adjoining to-the place in which the ceremony is to be per¬ 
formed; and the Grand Lodge is opened in ample form, in 
all the degrees of Masonry. The order of procession is 
read by the Grand Secretary, and committed to the Grand 
Marshal; and the necessary directions are given to the 
brethren from the chair. The lodge is then adjourned, and 
the procession formed, and moves forward till they reach 
the chair of the Master. The officers of the lodge are then 
proclaimed, in order. Solemn music is introduced, and 
continues while the procession moves three times round 
the hall. The lodge is then placed in the centre, on a 
crimson velvet couch; and the Grand Master having taken 
the chair, under a Masonic canopy, the grand officers, and 
the Masters and Wardens of lodges, repair to the places 
previously arranged for their reception. The three lights, 
with the gold and silver vases, with the corn, wine and oil, 
are placed on the lodge, at the head of which stands the 
pedestal, with the Bible open, with the square and com¬ 
passes laid thereon ; and the constitution roll, on a crimson 
velvet cushion. Then an anthem is sung,* and an enco¬ 
mium on Masonry is delivered. After which the architect 
addresses the Grand Master, returns thanks for the honour 
conferred on him, and surrenders up the implements en¬ 
trusted to him for the finishing of the work. The Grand 


See Sorias. 

14 * 


162 


PAST MASTER. 


Master, having expressed his approbation, an ode in honour 
of Masonry is sung, accompanied by instrumental music: 
after which, such of the spectators as are not Masons retire 
for refreshment. 

The lodge being tiled, the business of Masonry is 
resumed. 

The Grand Secretary informs the Grand Master, that it 
is the design of the fraternity to have the hall dedicated to 
Masonry; upon which, he orders the grand officers to 
assist in the ceremony, with solemn music, excepting oniy 
at the intervals of dedication. 

The lodge is uncovered, and the first procession being 
made round it, the Grand Master having reached the east, 
strikes thrice with the mallet; and, after profound silence, 
dedicates the hall to Masonry, “ in the name of the Great 
Jehovah —to whom be all glory and honour.” 

Upon which, the Grand Chaplain strews com over the 
lodge. 

Solemn music then begins, and a second procession is 
made round the lodge ; when, on the Grand Master’s arrival 
at the east, silence is again proclaimed—and he declares the 
hall dedicated, as before, to virtue and science, on which the 
Chaplain sprinkles wine on the lodge. 

Solemn music is again performed, and a third procession 
made round the lodge : when, the chief Master having 
reached the east, all is silent—and the hall is dedicated as 
before, to universal charity and benevolence. Upon which, 
the Chaplain dips his fingers in the oil, and sprinkles it over 
the lodge. 

At each dedication the honours are given. 

A solemn invocation is made to heaven by the Grand 
Chaplain, followed by responses from all the brethren ; and 
an anthem is sung. After which, the lodge is covered, and 
the Grand Master retires to the chair. 

The spectators may now return, and the Grand Master 


PAST MASTER. 


163 


may direct the grand procession to be resumed, and to 
march three times round the hall, halting each time in the 
east. Whilst- the procession is moving, the music conti¬ 
nues, but ceases when the procession halts. After this, the 
members of the Grand Lodge take their places. An ora¬ 
tion, suited to the occasion, is delivered by the Grand Chap¬ 
lain, or some other brother, appointed for that purpose by 
the Grand Master. 

The Grand Lodge again forms in procession as at first, 
and returns to the room where it was opened; the laws of 
the order are rehearsed, and then the Grand Lodge is closed 
in ample form. 


CHAPTER V. 

CEREMONY OBSERVED AT FUNERALS; WITH THE 
SERVICE TO BE USED ON THOSE OCCASIONS. 

The practice of funeral rites has been general among 
mankind. It affords opportunity for the happy recollec¬ 
tion of the virtues of the deceased, as well as for the public 
testimony of the duties which have existed between the 
dead and the living. It at once assists sympathy and 
virtue. 

The ceremonies are different in different nations, and a 
conformity to them has been recommended among the breth¬ 
ren ; they have also their usual forms, in which they ex¬ 
press their common friendship in mourning for the dead. 

No Mason can be interred with the formalities of the 
order, unless it be by his own special request whilst living, 
communicated to the Master of the lodge of which he died 
a member ; nor unless he has been advanced to the third 
degree of Masonry ; foreigners, sojourners, and particular 
otlicers excepied, and those at the direction of the Grand 



164 


PAST MASTER. 


Master. From the above restriction, there can be no other 
exceptions. 

The Master of a lodge having received notice of a Mas - 
ter Mason’s death, and of his request to be interred with the 
ceremonies of the order, and duly notified of the time and 
place of interment, must summon his lodge, informing them 
of the funeral solemnities. Where the lodge is in the 
same city where the Grand Lodge is located, it is absolutely 
necessary to obtain the consent of the Grand Master. 

If more lodges are expected to attend, he must make ap¬ 
plication, by the Grand Secretary to the Grand Master, for 
permission to preside over such brethren from other lodges 
as may assist in forming the procession, who are to be under 
his direction for the time, unless the Grand Master, his 
deputy, or the Grand Wardens, are present. 

In case of a stranger, the Master of the senior lodge pre¬ 
sent presides, if the proper grand officers are absent. 

The dispensation being obtained, the Master may invite 
as many lodges as he thinks proper; and the members of 
these lodges may accompany their officers in form. 

All the brethren must appear in decent mourning; 
dressed in white stockings, gloves and aprons, the usual 
clothing of Master Masons. 

The officers must appear with the badges of the lodge, 
and such as have been officers, may wear the badges of 
their former stations, provided that the brethren actually in 
office are distinguished by sashes and hat bands. 

The brethren should first assemble, if it be possible, in 
their lodge room, and open in due form, and remain stand¬ 
ing during the first part of the service, which may, in com¬ 
mon cases, be performed in their hall, with the usual cere¬ 
monies. 

A procession is then formed; the lodges move according 
to seniority, excepting that the lodge, of which the de¬ 
ceased was a member , moves nearest to the corpse. 


PAST MASTER 


1G5 


In the graveyard, the brethren proceed to the grave, and 
then, entering at its foot, open, so that the master may stand 
at the head of the grave, and the mourners may halt at the 
foot, while the brethren encircle it. Whilst the prayers are 
reading at the grave, the brethren may slowly approach it, 
till they are as near as they can with comfort stand. 

If no part of the service has been already performed in 
the lodge, or some public building, with proper ceremonies, 
it is here rehearsed ; or such as may be substituted by the 
direction of the master. 

The service may be performed by responses, or by one 
voice; at discretion. 

The Master speaks, or the Chaplain by his direction ; 

Where is now our brother ? 

He sojourneth in darkness. 

Can we redeem our brother ? 

JVe have not the ransom .— The place that knew him , 
shall know him no more! 

Shall his name be lost ? 

[Here the roll is unfolded.] 

The memory of a brother is precious. JVe will record 
his name. 

[Viewing the roll.] 

Write it here ! 

JVe will write it in our hearts. 

Iiow will it then be known ? 

[Here strew flowers, or evergreen.] 

It shall live in his virtues , which shall live in us and in 
every brother. 

Was he worthy ? 

Like him we will be brethren , and our last end shall be 
in peace. 

He was indeed our brother. 


1G6 


PAST MASTER. 


Bvt, who hath done this ! 

The Lord gave , and the Lord taketh away. 

Let us then bless the name of the Lord. 

EJACULATION. 

What is our life .!—It is a shadow ! a dream ! 

We once were—but, what were we ! 

Whither are we going ! what shall we become! 

Who is poor ! who is rich ! the king and the beggar lie 
down together ! 

Our brother hath forsaken us ! 

He is no longer one of ourselves ! 

Every connexion of life has ceased ! 

The form is no longer beautiful! 

He stretcheth not his hands to us! 

The hour of death has overtaken him ! 

-Shall not some friend comfort us ?- 

\_Here an oration may be delivered ; but if one has not 

been prepared for the occasion, then may follow -] 

Thus our brother has reached the end of life!—How 
many offerings has he made upon the altar of charity !— 
How honourably has he sustained the cares of life !—How 
did he make the hearts of all around him happy!—He 
ti ode not on the worm that moved at his feet!—His heart 
was in the laws of his country. His religion to his God 
taught him to love and to extend happiness to man. But 
he has bidden us the last farewell. Farewell, our brother! 
We reply farewell! —Go, visit the Grand Lodge of breth¬ 
ren !—Go, meet thy God; and may he approve thee! 
May we be as faithful!—may our eyes be closed in peace, 
like thine!—and our dying pillow be as easy!—Farewell 
till the grand summons !—Then, brother, we will rise and 
meet thee !—Glory be to God on high !- 






PAST MASTER. 


167 


Response by the brethren .—As it was in the beginning, 
is now, and ever shall be.—Amen. 

LIGHT of life! all things live before thee! the darkness 
and the light are both alike to thee !—With thee there is no 
darkness !—Thou seest us at our birth, and at our death.— 
Thou k no west us when in the womb, and in the crave.— 
Thou forgettest us not when we have been, or are to be. 
We are always present with thee, and our thoughts never 
perish from thy remembrance. May our brother live with 
us, as well as with thee. May good tidings be on our lips, 
and his works written upon our hearts. May memory and 
the virtues be the mourners ! Let his death teach us to die; 
and with him let thy gift to us be immortality ! 

Then the brethren join hands, and renew, in silence, the 
tokens of their friendship. If they choose to have devo¬ 
tional music at the grave, it may now be performed. 

The body is then let into the grave, or entombed. 

After which the following declaration and prayer shall 
be made. 

Brethren —With proper respect to the established cus¬ 
toms of the country in which we reside; with due defer¬ 
ence to our superiors in church and state; and with unli¬ 
mited good will to all mankind, we appear in the character 
of our profession. Invested with the badges of Masonry, 
publicly we declare our obedience and our submission to 
the laws and government of the country in which we live, 
and an ardent wish to promote the general good of society 

As it hath pleased the divine Creator to remove our bro¬ 
ther from this transitory existence, and to weaken the chain 
by which we are linked one to another, may his death 
remind us of our own, and incline us, who survive him, to 
be more strong in the ties of union and friendship. 

To the grave we resign our brother, in expectation of his 
immortal happiness ; and we pray— 

Almighty God, of infinite mercy and goodness, extend 


PAST MASTER. 


108 

to us the riches of thine everlasting favour, and crown thy 
present benefits with honour and immortality. And to God 
be glory forever.—Amen. 

Then the 'f is dropped into the grave ; and each brother 
near deposits a shovel full of earth on the coffin, if per- 
mitted. 

The brethren return to the hall, or place where they 
formed, and the Masonic ornaments, if the deceased was 
an officer, are in due form returned to the lodge ; the proper 
charges are delivered, and the lodge is closed with a bless¬ 
ing— 

May the Lord bless and keep us. May he give us light 
and truth, and unite our hearts forever.—So mote it be. 

ANOTHER FUNERAL SERVICE. 

The lodge being opened with the usual forms, at the 
hall, or some other convenient place, a procession is formed, 
and the brethren proceed to the house of the deceased. If 
singers are present, an anthem may be sung. The Master 
proceeds to the head of the corpse, and the service begins : 
the Master, or Chaplain, saying, 

“ What man is he that livelh, and shall not see death ?— 
Shall he deliver his soul from the hand of the grave ?” 

Response .—“ Man walketh in a vain shadow : he heap- 
eth up riches, and cannot tell who shall gather them.” 

Master .—“ When he dieth, he shall carry nothing away , 
his glory shall not descend after him.” 

Response .—“ Naked he came into the world, and naked 
he must return : the Lord gave, and the Lord hath taken 
away; blessed be the name of the Lord.” 

The grand honours are then given, and certain forms 
used, which cannot be here explained. Solemn music is 
introduced, during which the Master strews herbs or flow¬ 
ers over the body, and taking the sacred roll in his hand, 
he says: 


PAST MASTER, 


169 

“Let me die the death of the righteous, and let my last 
end be like his.’* 

The brethren answer: 

“ God is our God forever and ever ; he will be our guide 
even unto death.” 

The Master then puts up the roll, and says: 

“ Almighty Father, into thy hands we commend the soul 
of our loving brother.” 

The brethren answer three times, “ The will of God is 
accomplished !—so be it .” Giving the grand honours each 
time. 

The Master, or Chaplain, then repeats the following 
prayer: 

“ Most glorious God, author of all good, and giver of all 
mercy, pour down thy blessings upon us, and s-trengthen 
our solemn engagements with the ties of sincere affection. 
May the present instance of mortality remind us of our 
approaching fate; and by drawing our attention towards 
thee, the only refuge in time of need, may we be induced 
so to regulate our conduct here, that when the awful moment 
shall arrive that we are about to quit this transitory scene, 
the enlivening prospect of thy mercy may dispel the gloom 
of death, and after our departure hence in peace and in thy 
favour, we may be received into thine everlasting kingdom ; 
and there enjoy, in union with the souls of our departed 
friends, the just rewards of a pious and virtuous life.— 
Amen.” 

An anthem being sung, the Master retires from the 
corpse, and the coffin is shut up. An oration suitable to 
the occasion is delivered; and the Master, recommending 
love and unity, the brethren join hands, and renew to each 
other, in silence, their pledged vows. 

The lodge is adjourned, and the procession begins, in the 
form hereafter described, to the place of interment, where 
the following exhortation is given : 

15 


170 


PAST MASTER. 


Service at the Grave , by the Master , or Chaplain. 

“ Here we view a striking instance of the uncertainty of 
life, and the vanity of all human pursuits. The last offices 
paid to the dead are only useful as they are lectures to the 
living; from them, therefore, we are to derive instruction, 
and ought to consider every solemnity of this kind as a 
summons to prepare for our approaching dissolution. 

“ Notwithstanding the various mementos of mortality 
with which we daily meet; notwithstanding we are con¬ 
vinced that death has established his empire over all the 
works of nature; yet, through some unaccountable infatua¬ 
tion, we are still apt to forget that we are born to die. We 
go on from one design to another, add hope to hope, and lay 
out plans for the subsistence and employment of many 
years, until we are suddenly alarmed with the approach of 
death, when we least expect him, and at an hour which we 
* probably conclude to be the meridian of our existence. 

“ What are all the externals of majesty, the pride of 
wealth, or charms of beauty, when nature has paid her 
just debt? If for a moment we throw our eyes on the last 
scene, and view life stripped of its ornaments, and exposed 
in its natural meanness, we shall then be convinced of the 
futility of these empty delusions. In the grave all fallacies 
are detected, all ranks are levelled, and all distinctions are 
done away. 

“ While we drop the sympathetic tear over the grave of 
our deceased friend, let charity induce us to throw a veil 
over his foibles, whatever they may have been, and Jet us 
not withhold from his memory the praise his virtue may 
have claimed. Suffer the apologies of human nature to 
plead in his behalf. Perfection has never been attained , 
the wisest as well as the best of men have erred. His me¬ 
ritorious actions, therefore, let us imitate, and from his 
weakness let us derive instruction. 


PAST MASTER. 


171 


“ Let the present example excite our serious attention, 
and strengthen our resolutions of amendment. As life is 
uncertain, and all earthly pursuits are vain, let us no longer 
postpone the important concern of preparing for eternity ; 
but let us embrace the happy moment, while time and 
opportunity offer, to provide with care against that great 
change, when the pleasures of this world shall cease to 
delight, and the reflections of a life spent in the exercise of 
piety and virtue yield the only comfort and consolation. 

“ Thus shall our expectations not be frustrated, nor shall 
we be hurried unprepared into the presence of that all wise 
and powerful Judge. 

“ To conclude : Let us support with .propriety the cha¬ 
racter of our profession on every occasion, advert to the 
nature of our solemn engagements, and pursue with unwea¬ 
ried assiduity the sacred tenets of Masonry; that from the 
endearments of a virtuous society on earth we may be raised 
to the blissful society in heaven.” 

The following invocations are then to be made by the 
Master, and the usual honours to accompany each: 

Master. —“ May we be true and faithful; and may we 
live and die in love !” 

Response. —“ So mote it be.” 

Master. —“ May we profess what is good, and may we 
always act agreeably to our profession 

Response. —“ So mote it be.” 

Master. —“ May the Lord bless us, and prosper us ; and 
may all our good intentions be crowned with success!” 

Response. —“ So mote it be.” 

The Secretaries are then to advance, and throw their 
rolls into the grave with the usual forms, while the Chaplain 
repeats, with an audible voice, 

“ Glory be to God on high, on earth peace and good will 
towards men.” 


172 


PAST MASTER. 


Response .—“ So mote it be, now, from henceforth, and 
forever more.” 

The Master is then to conclude the ceremony at the grave 
in the following words : 

“ From time immemorial it has been an established cus¬ 
tom among the fraternity of free and accepted Masonsi 
when requested by a brother on his death bed, to accom¬ 
pany his corpse to the place of interment; and there to 
deposit his remains with the usual formalities. 

“ In conformity to this laudable'usage, and at the special 
request of our deceased brother, whose memory we revere, 
and whose loss we deplore, we are here assembled in the 
character of Masons, to resign his body to the earth from 
whence it came, and to offer up the last tribute of our affec¬ 
tion to his memory; thereby demonstrating to the world 
the sincerity of our past esteem, and our steady attachment 
to the principles of our honourable order. 

“ With proper respect to the established customs of the 
country in which we reside, with due deference to our 
superiors in church and state, and with unlimited good will 
to all mankind, we appear in the character of our profes¬ 
sion. Invested with the badges of Masonry, we publicly 
declare our obedience and submission to the laws and 
government of the country in which we live, and an ardent 
wish to promote the general good of society ; we humbly 
implore the blessing of heaven on all our zealous endea¬ 
vours for this laudable purpose, and pray for our steady 
perseverance in the principles of piety and virtue. 

“ As it has pleased God, in the removal of our brother, 
to weaken the chain by which we are linked one to another, 
it becomes us, who survive him, to be more strongly ce¬ 
mented in the ties of union and friendship; and in some 
measure to make up his loss by a warmer zeal and fidelity 
in all the charities and duties of life. 


PAST MASTER. 


173 


“Unto the grave we resign the body of our friend and 
brother! [ The body is entombed , and the ^ dropped , #-c.'] 

“Friend of our hearts, there rest in peace. Raised by 
the Grand Master’s word, mayest thou hereafter share the 
lonours of perfection, the joys and bliss immortal! 

“ Amen !—So mote it be !—Amen ! 

“ Farewell !—We will meet again !” 

Thus the service ends, when the usual honours are given, 
and the procession returns to the place from whence it came. 

The brethren being arrived at the lodge, the - necessary 
duties are complied with, and the business of Masonry is 
renewed. The regalia, and the ornaments of the deceased, 
if an officer of a lodge, are returned to the Master in due 
form, with the usual ceremonies; after which the charges 
for regulating the conduct of the fraternity are rehearsed, 
and the lodge is closed in the third degree with a blessing. 


CHAPTER VI. 

PROCESSIONS—No. I. 

Order of Procession , for One Lodge , on common 
occasions. 

Tyler, with a drawn sword, 

Stewards, with white rods, 

Music, (when the musicians are brethren; otherwise thpy 
form on the right and left of the procession, or precede 
the Tyler). 

Entered Apprentices, 

"3 Fellow Crafts, 

'g Master Masons, 

g Deacons, 

Secretary and Treasurer. 

15 * 




174 


PAST MASTER. 


Senior and Junior Wardens, 

The holy writings, square and compass, carried by the 
oldest member of the lodge not in office, accompanied 
with the Chaplain, 

Past Masters, 

M aster. 


GRAND PROCESSIONS—No. II. 

Order of Procession , when the Ceremony of Consecrating 
and Constituting a Lodge , is performed in public , <$*c. 


Two Tylers, with drawn swords, 

Music, (when there are two bands,) 

Tyler of the oldest lodge, with a drawn sword. 

Two Stewards of the oldest lodge, with white rods. 
Entered Apprentices, 

Fellow Crafts, 

Master Masons, 

Tylers, 

Stewards, 

Junior Deacons, 

15 Senior Deacons, 

£ Secretaries, 

^ Treasurers, 

Past Wardens, 

Junior Wardens, 

Senior Wardens, 

Past Masters, 

Masters. 

New Lodge, 

(To form as in No. I., omitting Past Masters and Chaplain.) 
Music, 

Grand Tyler, with a drawn sword, 


PAST MASTER. 


175 


Grand Stewards, with white rods, 

When Masonic Halls are to be dedicated , fyc. the corn , 
wine and oil , are to be carried as in No. III. 

Grand Secretary and Treasurer, 

Master of a lodge bearing the sacred writing, square and 
compass, on a crimson velvet cushion ; supported by the 
Stewards of the second oldest lodge, with white rods, 
first Steward on his right, the second on his left, 

Grand Chaplain, 

Jz Past Grand Wardens, 

Past Deputy Grand Masters, 

^ Past Grand Masters, 

« Grand Wardens, 

O Deputy Grand Masters, 

Master of the oldest lodge, bearing the book of constitu¬ 
tions on a velvet cushion, 

Grand Junior Dea-1 f Grand Senior Dea¬ 

con on the left with C on a line ) C on on the right 
a black rod. ) ^ ve ^ eet a P art * £ with a black rod. 

Grand Master, 

Grand Sword Bearer^ with a drawn sword, 

Two Stewards, with white rods, 

* 

Gentlemen invited to join the procession, follow,two and two. 


No. III. 

Order of Procession at laying the Foundation Stones of 
Public Buildings, $*c. 

Two Tylers, (as in No. 2.) 

Music, (as in do.) 

Tyler of the oldest Lodge, (do.) 

Two Stewards of the oldest Lodge, (do.) 


Grand Marshal. 


PAST MASTER. 

Entered Apprentices, 

Fellow Crafts, 

Master Masons, 

Tylers, 

Stewards, 

Junior Deacons, 

Senior Deacons, 

Secretaries, 

Treasurers, 

Past Wardens, 

Junior Wardens, 

Senior Wardens, 

Past Masters, 

Masters, 

Music, 

Grand Tyler, (as in No. 2,) 

Grand Stewards, (do.) 

A brother carrying a golden vessel containing corn, 
Two brethren carrying silver urns, one containing wine, 
the other oil, 

Principal Architect, 

Grand Secretary and Treasurer, 

Bible, square and compass, carried by a Master of a lodge, 
supported by two Stewards, as in No. 2, when not sup¬ 
ported by Stewards, the Grand Chaplain walks with the 
Master of the lodge, who supports the Bible, <fcc. 

Past Grand Wardens, 

Past Deputy Grand Masters, 

Past Grand Masters, 

Chief Magistrate of the place, 

Two large lights, borne by two Masters of Lodges, 
Grand Wardens, 

One great light, borne by a Master of a Lodge, 
Deputy Grand Masters, 



PAST MASTER. 177 

Master of the oldest Lodge, bearing the book of Constitu¬ 
tions, (as in No. 2.) 

Grand Deacons, with black rods, (placed as in No. 2,) 
Grand Master, 

Grand Sword Bearer, (as in No. 2,) 

* Two Stewards, with white rods, 

Gentlemen who choose to join the procession follow. 

Note .—When two or more lodges walk in procession, 
they form as above, either in ope body, or in separate 
lodges; if separately, the youngest lodge precedes the 
elder. The cushion, on which the Holy Writings are car¬ 
ried, is covered with crimson satin or velvet. 

Marshals are to walk on the left of the procession. 

All officers of lodges, in processions, should wear the 
badges of their office. 

None but Master Masons are to wear decorated aprons. 
Those of the lower degrees may have an edging of silk, or 
a square and compass made of silk—the aprons of those of 
higher degrees, according to their order. Attention must 
be paid to colours. None but officers (who are always to 
be master masons) are to wear sashes; and this decoration 
is only for particular officers. 

If a past Or present Grand Master should join the pro¬ 
cession of a private lodge, or Deputy Grand Master, or the 
Grand Wardens, attention is to be paid to them. They 
take place after the Master of the lodge. Two Deacons 
with black rods, one on the right, and another on the left, 
attend a Grand Warden ; and when a Grand Master is pre¬ 
sent, or Deputy Grand Master, the book of constitutions is 
borne before him; a sword bearer follows him, and the 
Deacons, with black rods, are placed on his right and left, 
at an angular distance of five feet, as in No. 2. 

Musicians, if they are of the fraternity, walk in the pro- 


178 


FAST MASTER. 


cession, after the Tyler; if not, they precede the Tyler, 
walk on the right and left of the procession. When there 
is but one band, and the Grand Lodge attends, they follow 
the Grand Tyler. 

The order of procession No. 1, is suitably formed for 
funerals. The cushion, on which is carried the Holy Writ¬ 
ings, is covered with black silk or cloth : a black silk knot 
is placed at the end of each Steward’s rod—the same on the 
musical instruments. The procession immediately precedes 
the corpse. 

The brethren all walk two and two, excepting such offi¬ 
cers as from their station are to walk otherways. 

When a new lodge is to be consecrated, &c., that lodge 
is always to form separately ;—its place in the procession 
is immediately preceding the Grand Lodge. 

On entering public buildings, &c., the Bible, square and 
compass, book of Constitutions, &c., are placed before the 
Grand Master. The Grand Marshal and Grand Deacons 
keep near him. 


CHAPTER VII. 

THE GOVERNMENT OF THE FRATERNITY EXPLAINED. 

The mode of government observed by the fraternity will 
best explain the importance, and give the truest idea of the 
nature and design of the Masonic system. 

There are several classes of Masons, under different ap¬ 
pellations The privileges of these classes are distinct, 
and particular means are adopted to preserve those privi¬ 
leges to the just and meritorious of each class. 

Honour and probity are recommendations to the first 
class ; in which the practice of virtue is enforced, and the 
duties of morality inculcated, while the mind is prepared 
for iegular and social converse, in the principles of know¬ 
ledge and philosophy. 

Diligence, assiduity and application, are qualifications for 
the second class; in which an accurate elucidation of sci¬ 
ence, both in theory and practice, is given. Here human 
reason is cultivated by a due exertion of the rational and 



PAST MASTER. 


179 


intellectual powers and faculties; nice and difficult theories 
are explained ; new discoveries produced, and those already 
known beautifully embellished. 

The third class is composed of those whom truth and 
fidelity have distinguished ; who, when assaulted by threats 
and violence, after solicitation has failed, have evinced their 
firmness in preserving inviolate the mysteries of the order. 

The fourth class consists of those who have perseveringlv 
studied the scientific branches of the art, and exhibited 
proofs of their skill and acquirements* and who have con¬ 
sequently obtained the honour of this degree, as a reward 
of merit. 

The fifth class consists of those who, having acquired a 
proficiency of knowledge in the foregoing degrees, have 
been elected to preside over regularly constituted bodies of 
Masons. 

The sixth class consists of those who, having discharged 
the duties of the chair with honour and reputation, are ac¬ 
knowledged and recorded as excellent Masters. 

The seventh and last class consists of a select few, whom 
years and experience have improved, and whom merit and 
abilities have entitled to preferment. With this class the 
ancient landmarks of the order are preserved; and from 
them we learn and practice the necessary instructive lessons, 
which at once dignify the art, and qualify its professors to 
illustrate its excellence and utility. 

In some part of our continent, although not countenanced 
by the Grand Chapter of the State of Pennsylvania, are 
some additional explanations to the seventh degree. 

This is the established mode of the Masonic government, 
when the rules of the system are observed. By this judi¬ 
cious arrangement, true friendship is cultivated among dif 
ferent ranks and degrees of men, hospitality promoted, 
industry rewarded, and ingenuity encouraged. 


180 


GENERAL REMARKS. 


CHAPTER VIII. 

GENERAL REMARKS. 

**> 

Masonry is an art equally useful and extensive. In every 
art there is a mystery, which requires a gradual progression 
ol knowledge, to arrive at any degree of perfection in it. 
Without much instruction, and more exercise, no man can 
be skilful in any art; in like manner, without an assiduous 
application to the various subjects treated in the different lec¬ 
tures of Masonry, no person can be sufficiently acquainted 
with its true value. 

It must not, however, be inferred from this remark, that 
persons who labour under the disadvantages of a confined 
education, or whose sphere of life requires a more intense 
application to business or study, are to be discouraged in 
their endeavours to gain a knowledge of Masonry. To 
qualify an individual to enjoy the benefits of the society at 
large, or to partake of its privileges, it is not absolutely ne¬ 
cessary that he should be acquainted with all the intricate 
parts of the science. These are only intended for the dili¬ 
gent and assiduous Mason, who may have leisure and oppor¬ 
tunity to indulge in such pursuits. 

Though some are more able than others, some more emi¬ 
nent, some more useful, yet all in their different spheres, 
may prove advantageous to the community; and our neces¬ 
sities as well as our consciences, bind us to love one another. 
The industrious tradesman certainly proves himself a valu¬ 
able member of society, and worthy of every honour that 
we can confer; but as the nature of every man’s profession 
will not admit of that leisure which is necessary to qualify 
him to become an expert Mason, it is highly proper that 
the official duties of a lodge should be executed by persons 
whose education and situation in life enable them to become 


OPENING AND CLOSING A LODGE. 181 

adepts ; as it must be allowed, that all who accept offices 
and exercise authority, should be properly qualified to dis¬ 
charge the task assigned them, with honour to themselves, 
and credit to their sundry stations. 

All men are not blessed with the same powers, nor the 
same advantages; all men, therefore, are not equally quali¬ 
fied to govern. Masonry is wisely calculated to suit the 
different ranks and degrees of men, as every one, accord¬ 
ing to his station and ability, may class with his equal. 
Founded upon the most generous principles, it admits gf 
no disquietude among its professors ; each class is happy in 
its particular association; and when all are met in general 
convention, neither arrogance and presumption appear on 
the one hand, nor diffidence and inability on the other. 
The whole unite in one general plan, to promote that 
endearing happiness which constitutes the essence of civil 
society. 


CHAPTER IX. 

THE CEREMONY OF OPENING AND CLOSING A LODGE. 


In all regular assemblies of men, who are convened for 
wise and useful purposes, the commencement and conclu¬ 
sion of business are accompanied with some forms. In 
every country of the world the practice prevails, and is 
deemed essential. From the most remote periods of anti¬ 
quity it may be traced, and the refined improvements of 
modern times have not totally abolished it. 

Ceremonies, when simply considered, it is true, are little 
more than visionary delusions, but their effects are some¬ 
times important. When they impress awe and reverence 
on the mind, and engage the attention, by external atlrac- 
16 



182 OPENING AND CLOSING A LODGE. 

tion, to solemn rights, they are interesting objects. These 
purposes are effected by judicious ceremonies, when regu¬ 
larly conducted and properly arranged. On this ground 
they have received the sanction of the wisest men in all 
ages, and consequently could not escape the notice of 
Masons. To begin well is the most likely to end well; 
and it is judiciously remarked, that when order and method 
are neglected at the beginning, they will be seldom found to 
lake place at the end. 

The ceremony of opening and closing a lodge, with 
solemnity and decorum, is therefore universally admitted 
among Masons, and though the mode in some lodges may 
vary, and in every degree must vary, still an uniformity in 
the general practice prevails in every lodge; and the varia¬ 
tion (if any) is solely occasioned by a want of method,* 
which a little application might easily remove. 

To conduct this ceremony with propriety ought to be the 
peculiar study of every Mason, especially of those who 
have the honour to rule in our assemblies. To persons 
who are thus dignified, every eye is naturally directed for 
propriety of conduct and behaviour; and from them, other 
brethren, who are less informed, will naturally expect to 
derive an example worthy of imitation. 

From a share in this ceremony no Mason can be ex¬ 
empted. It is a general concern, in which all must assist. 
This is the first request of the Master, and the prelude to 
all business. No sooner has it been signified than every 
officer repairs to his station, and the brethren rank accord- 

* During the Grand Mastership of the R. W. Brother John M. Read, 
of the Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania, he found it necessary to bring 
about an uniformity in the work, and devoted much of his valuable 
time in forming a Lodge of Instruction, presiding at the lectures, and to 
which many of the brethren are indebted for the knowledge they pos¬ 
sess. I feel happy in having thus an opportunity of acknowledging the 
obligations I am (personally) under, to the R. W. Brother. 


OPENING AND CLOSING A LODGE. 


183 


ing to their degrees. The intent of the meeting becomes 
the sole object of attention, and the mind is insensibly 
drawn from those indiscriminate subjects of conversation 
which are apt to intrude on our less serious moments. 

This effect accomplished, our care is directed to the 
external avenues of the lodge, and the proper officers, 
whose province it is to discharge that duty, execute their 
trust with fidelity, and by certain mystic forms, of no recent 
date, intimate we may safely proceed. To detect impos¬ 
tors among ourselves, an adherence to order in the charac¬ 
ter of Masons ensues, and the lodge is either opened or 
closed in solemn form. 

At opening the lodge two purposes are wisely effected : 
the Master is reminded of the dignity of his character, and 
the brethren of the homage and veneration due from them 
in their sundry stations. These are not the only advan¬ 
tages resulting from a due observance of this ceremony; 
a reverential awe for the Deity is inculcated, and the eye 
fixed on that object from whose radiant beams light only 
can be derived. Here we are taught to adore the God of 
heaven, and to supplicate his protection on our well meant 
endeavours. The Master assumes his government in due 
form, and under him his Wardens, who accept their trusts 
after the customary salutations, as disciples of one general 
patron. The brethren then, with one accord, unite in duty 
and respect, and the ceremony concludes. 

At closing the lodge a similar form takes place. Here 
the less important duties of Masonry are not passed over 
unobserved. The necessary degree of subordination in the 
government of a lodge is peculiarly marked while the pro¬ 
per tribute of gratitude is offered up to the beneficent 
Author of Life, and his blessing invoked and extended to 
the whole fraternity. Each brother faithfully locks up the 
treasure which he has acquired, and pleased with his 
reward, retires, untainted and uncontaminated, to enjoy and 


184 


PRAYERS. 


disseminate, among the private circle of his friends, the 
fruits of his labour and industry in the lodge. 

These are faint outlines of a ceremony which universally 
prevails among Masons in every country, and distinguishes 
all their meetings. It is arranged as a general section in 
every degree, and takes the lead in all our illustrations. 


PRAYERS: 

WHICH MAY BE USED ON SEVERAL OCCASIONS. 

Behold ! how good and how pleasant it is for brethren to 
dwell together in unity ! 

It is like the precious ointment upon the head, that ran 
down upon the beard, even Aaron’s beard, that went down 
to the skirts of his garment. 

As the dew of Hermon, that descended upon the moun¬ 
tains of Zion ; for there the Lord commanded a blessing, 
even life for evermore. 

May the favour of Heaven be upon this our happy meet¬ 
ing ; may it be begun, carried on, and ended with order, 
harmony, and brotherly love. Amen . 

AT OPENING AND INITIATION. 

Most holy and glorious Lord God, the great architect of 
the universe ; the giver of all good gifts and graces : Thou 
hast promised that where two or three are gathered together 
in thy name, thou wilt be in the midst of them. In thy 
name we assemble, most humbly beseeching thee to bless 
us in all our undertakings, that we may know and serve 
thee aright, and that all our actions may tend to thy glory, 
and to our advancement in knowledge and virtue. 



PRAYERS. 


185 


And we beseech thee, O Lord God, to bless this our pre¬ 
sent assembling, and grant that this candidate may become 
a true and faithful brother among us ; endue him with a 
competency of thy divine wisdom, that he may, with the 
secrets of Free Masonry, be able to unfold the mysteries 
of godliness; and may he and we walk in the light of thy 
countenance, and when the trials of our probationary state 
are over, be admitted into the temple not made with hands, 
eternal in the heavens Amen. 


USED IN ANCIENT TIMES AT JERUSALEM. 

O Lord, excellent art thou in thy truth, and there is 
nothing great in comparison to thee, for thine is the praise, 
from all the works of thy hands, for ever more. 

Enlighten us, we beseech thee, in the true knowledge of 
Masonry. By the sorrows of Adam , the first made man; 
by the blood of Abel, the holy one ; by the righteousness 
of Seth, in whom thou art well pleased ; and by thy cove¬ 
nant with Noah, in whose architecture thou wast pleased to 
save the seed of thy beloved, number us not among those 
that know not thy statues, nor the divine mysteries of the 
secret Cabala. 

But grant, we beseech thee, that the ruler of this lodge 
may be endued with knowledge and wisdom, to instruct us 
and explain his secret mysteries as our holy brother Moses 
did (in his lodge) to Aaron, Eleazar, Jthamar, and the 
seventy elders of Israel. 

And grant that we may understand, learn and keep all the 
statutes and commandments of the Lord, and this holy mys¬ 
tery, pure and undefiled unto our lives’ end. Amen. 

16 * 


186 


PRAYERS. 


Thou hast loved us, O Lord our God, with eternal love; 
thou hast spared us with great and exceeding patience, our 
Father and our King, for thy great name’s sake, and for our 
fathers’ sake, who trusted in thee, to whom thou didst teach 
the statutes of life, that they might do after the statutes of 
thy good pleasure with a perfect heart: so be thou merciful 
unto us, O our Father! Merciful God, who sheweth 
mercy, have mercy upon us, we beseech thee, and put 
understanding in our hearts, that we may understand, be 
wise, hear, learn, teach, keep, do, and perform all the words 
of the doctrine of thy law in love, and enlighten our eyes in 
thy commandments, and cause our hearts to cleave to thy 
law, and unite them in the love and fear of thy name ; we 
will not be ashamed, nor confounded, nor stumble, for ever 
and ever. 

Because we have trusted in thy holy, great, mighty, and 
terrible name, we will rejoice and be glad in thy salvation, 
and in thy mercies, O Lord our God ; and the multitude of 
thy mercies shall not forsake us for ever. And now make 
haste and bring upon us a blessing, and peace from the four 
corners of the world: For thou art a God who workest 
salvation, and hast chosen us from every other people and 
language ; and thou, our King, has caused us to cleave to 
thy great name, in love to praise, and be united to tnee, and 
to love thy name: Blessed art thou, Lord God, who hast 
chosen thy people Israel in love.* 

AT CLOSING A LODGE. 

May the blessings of Heaven rest on us, and on all 
regular free Masons ; may we practise out of the lodge 
those principles of religion and morality we are taught 
within it; may every moral and social virtue cement us 
in the bond of peace and fraternal love, and procure thy 
gracious favour, 0, blessed Lord God, who livest and 
reignest in undescribable glory and happiness, for ever 
and ever. Amen. 

* This prnver is a translation from the Hebrew, used in the Holy 
Land before the destruction of the Temple. 


PRAYERS. 


187 


AT OPENING A LODGE. 

Supremo Architect of Heaven and Builder of the Uni¬ 
verse look down upon us with eyes of favour in what we 
are about to do, and so direct us by thy Holy Spirit, that 
all may be acceptable to Thee. We acknowledge our 
weaknesses and frailties, and, that without Thee we are 
nothing. Be with us then to enlighten our minds— 
strengthen our reason—and purify our hearts—so that 
through thy Providence this temporal Lodge may be made 
strong in Truth, and abundant in Virtue—Charity to flow 
as a stream wide spread among the Brethren, fertilizing 
by its influences—and Love which is of Thee, prevail 
with them forever. Grant this, all powerful Creator, to 
us thy supplicants, for thy praise and thy glory : AmeD. 


AT CLOSING A LODGE. 

Oh Godwho art the giver of Life, and the author of 
death—the builder of the world, and the architect of the 
universe—in whom are time, space, and eternity—to 
Thee we bow in humble adoration, as the Creator of all 
things. May the doings of this temporal Lodge, meet 
with favor in thy sight, and tend to the increase of virtue 
and holiness. Let thy Spirit be upon us, as our trust is 
in Thee. Be with us as we go hence, and guide us by 
thy protecting power, until we shall meet again.—Let 
peace prevail in our fraternity—peace which endeth in 
love—that love which leadeth to Thee. Pour thy bless¬ 
ings not merely upon this masonic world, but the whole 
human race ; and, in thine own good time, may all be 
gathered to the Father, which is in Heaven, forever and 
ever : Amen. 


MOST EXCELLENT MASTER. 


CHAPTER I. 

REMARKS ON THE SIXTH, OR MOST EXCELLENT 
MASTER’S DEGREE. 

None but the meritorious and praiseworthy; none but 
those, who, through diligence and industry, have progressed 
far towards perfection ; none but those who have been seated 
in die Oriental Chair , by the unanimous suffrages of their 
brethren, can be admitted to this degree of Masonry. 

In its original establishment, when the temple of Jerusa¬ 
lem was finished, and the fraternity celebrated the cape- 
stone with great joy, it is demonstrable that none but those 
who had proved themselves to be complete masters of their 
profession, were admitted to this honor; and, indeed, the 
duties incumbent on every Mason, who is accepted and 
acknowledged as a Most Excellent Master, are such as ren¬ 
der it indispensable that he should have a perfect knowledge 
of all the preceding degrees. 

One of the following passages of scripture is rehearsed 
at opening, accompanied by solemn ceremonies: 

Psalm , xxiv.—“ The earth is the Lord’s, and the fulness 
thereof; the world, and they that dwell therein. For he 
hath founded it upon the seas, and established it upon the 
floods. Who shall ascend into the hill of the Lord ? and 
who shall stand in his holy place ? He that hath clean 
hands and a pure heart; who hath not lifted up his soul 
unto vanity, nor sworn deceitfully. He shall receive the 

188 



MOST EXCELLENT MASTER. 


189 


blessing from the Lord, and righteousness from the God of 
his salvation; This is the generation of them that seek 
him, that seek thy face, O Jacob. Selah. Lift up your 
heads, O ye gates, and be ye lift up, ye everlasting doors, 
and the King of Glory shall come in. Who is this King 
of Glory ? The Lord, strong and mighty, the Lord, mighty 
in battle. Lift up your heads, O ye gates, even lift them 
up, ye everlasting doors, and the King of Glory shall come 
in. Who is this King of Glory ? The Lord of Hosts, he 
is the King of Glory. Selah.” 

Psalm , cxxii. 

“ I was glad when they said unto me, Let us go into the 
house of the Lord. Our feet shall stand within thy gates, 
O Jerusalem. Jerusalem is builded as a city that is com¬ 
pact together: whither the tribes go up, the tribes of the 
Lord, unto the testimony of Israel, to give thanks unto the 
name of the Lord. For there are set thrones of judgment, 
the thrones of the house of David. 

“ Pray for the peace of Jerusalem; they shall prosper 
that love thee. Peace be within thy walls, and prosperity 
within thy palaces. For my brethren and companions’ 
sakes, I will now say, Peace be within thee. Because of 
the house of the Lord our God, I will seek thy good.” 

The following passages of scripture are also introduced, 
accompanied with solemn ceremonies : 

II. Chron. vi.—[Then said Solomon, The Lord hath 
said that he would dwell in the thick darkness. But I have 
built an house of habitation for thee, and a place for thy 
dwelling forever. 

And the king turned his face, and blessed the whole con¬ 
gregation of Israel, (and all the congregation of Israel 
stood:) And he said, Blessed be the Lord God of Israel, 
who hath with his hands fulfilled that which he spake with 
his mouth to my father David, saying, Since the day that I 


190 


MOST EXCELLENT MASTER. 


brought forth my people out of the land of Egypt, I chose 
no city among all the tribes of Israel to build an nouse in, 
that my name might be there; neither chose I any man to 
be a ruler over my people Israel; but I have chosen Jeru¬ 
salem, that my name might be there; and have chosen 
David to be over my people Israel. 

Now, it was in the heart of David, my father, to build 
an house for the name of the Lord God of Israel. But the 
Lord said to David my father, Forasmuch as it was in thine 
heart to build an house for my name, thou didst well in that 
it was thine heart: notwithstanding thou shalt not build the 
house; but thy son, which shall come forth out of thy 
loins, he shall build the house for my name. The Lord, 
therefore, hath performed his word that he hath spoken; 
for I am risen up in the room of David my father, and am 
set on the throne of Israel, as the Lord promised, and have 
built the house for the name of the Lord God of Israel: 
and in it have I put the ark, wherein is the covenant of the 
Lord, that he made with the children of Israel. 

And he stood before the altar of the Lord, in the presence 
of all the congregation of Israel, and spread forth his hands : 
For Solomon had made a brazen scaffold of five cubits long, 
and five cubits broad, and three cubits high, and had set it 
in the midst of the court; and upon it he stood, and kneeled 
down upon his knees before all the congiegation of Israel, 
and spread forth his hands toward heaven, and said, 

O Lord God of Israel, there is no God like thee in the 
heaven nor in the earth; which keepest covenant, and 
shewest mercy unto thy servants that walk before thee with 
all their hearts ; thou which hast kept with thy servant 
David my father, that which thou hast promised him ; and 
spakest with thy mouth, and hast fulfilled it with thine 
hand, as it is this day. Now, therefore, O Lord God of 
Israel, keep with thy servant David my father, that which 
thou hast promised him, saying, There shall not fail thee a 


MOST EXCELLENT MASTER. 191 

man in my sight to sit upon the throne of Israel; yet so 
that thy children take heed to their way to walk in my law, 
as thou hast walked before me. Now, then, O Lord God 
of Israel, let thy word be verified, which thou hast spoken 
unto thy servant David. (But will God in very deed dwell 
with men on the earth ! Behold, heaven, and the heaven 
of heavens, cannot contain thee; how much less this house 
which I have built!) Have respect, therefore, to the prayer 
of thy servant, and to his supplication, O Lord my God, to 
hearken unto the cry and the prayer which thy servant 
prayeth before thee: that thine eyes may be open upon 
this house day and night, upon the place whereof thou hast 
said that thou wouldest put thy name there; to hearken unto 
the prayer which thy servant prayeth towards this place. 

Hearken, therefore, unto the supplications of thy servant, 
and of thy people Israel, which they shall make towards 
this place : hear thou from thy dwelling place, even from 
heaven; and, when thou hearest, forgive.] 

Now, my God, I beseech thee, let thine eyes be open; 
and let thine ears be attent unto the prayer that is made in 
this place. 

Now, therefore, arise, O Lord God, into thy resting-place, 
thou and the ark of thy strength : let thy priests, O Lord 
God, be clothed with salvation, and let thy saints rejoice in 
goodness. 

O Lord God, turn not away the face of thine anointed 
remember the mercies of David thy servant.] 

The following song is sung with solemn ceremony. 

Aix hail to the morning 
That bids us rejoice; 

The temple’s completed, 

Exalt high each voice; 

The cap-stone is finish’d, 

Our labour is o’er; 

The sound of the gavel 
Shall hail us no more 

To the Power A lmighty, who ever has guided 
The tribes of old Israel exalting their fame; 


192 


MOST EXCELLENT MASTER. 


To Him who hath govern’d our hearts undivided, 

Let’s send forth our voices to praise his great name. 

Companions, assemble 
On this joyful day; 

(The occasion is glorious,1 
The key-stone to lay : 

Fulfill’d is the promise, 

By the Anciext of Days, 

To bring forth the cap-stone 
With shouting and praise. 

[Ceremonies."] 

There is no more occasion for level or plumb-line 
For trowel or gavel, for compass or square; 

Our works are completed, the ark safely seated, 

And we shall be greeted as workmen most rare. 

Now those that are worthy, 

Our toils who have shar’d, 

And prov’d themselves faithful, 

Shall meet their reward. 

Their virtue and knowledge. 

Industry and skill, 

Have our approbation, 

Have gain’d our good will. 

We accept and receive them, most excellent master. 
Invested with honours, and pow er to preside; 

Among worthy craftsmen, wherever assembled, 

The knowledge of Masons to spread far and wide. 

Almighty Jehovah ! 

Descend now and fill 
This Lodge with thy glory, 

Our hearts with good will! 

Preside at our meetings, 

Assist us to find 
True pleasure in teaching 
Good will to mankind. 


















































































































































































































































































































MOST EXCELLENT MASTER. 


193 


Thy wisdom inspired the great institution, 

Thy strength shall support it, till nature expire; 

And when the creation shall fall into ruin, 

Its beauty shall rise, through the midst of the fire. 

2 Chronicles vii. 1. 4. 

[Now, when Solomon had made an end of praying, the 
fire came down from heaven, and consumed the burnt offer¬ 
ing and the sacrifices ; and the glory of the Lord filled the 
house. And the priests could not enter into the house of 
the Lord, because the glory of the Lord had filled the Lord’s 
house. 

And when all the children of Israel saw how the fire came 
down, and the glory of the Lord upon the house, they bowed 
themselves with their faces to the ground upon the pave¬ 
ment, and worshipped, and praised the Lord, saying, For 
he is good ; for his mercy endureth for ever.] 

CHARGE 

TO BE DELIVERED TO A BROTHER, WIIO IS ACCEPTED AND 
ACKNOWLEDGED AS A MOST EXCELLENT MASTER. 

Brother: 

“Your admittance to this degree of Masonry, is a proof 
of the good opinion the brethren of this lodge entertain of 
your Masonic abilities. Let this consideration induce you 
to be careful of forfeiting, by misconduct and inattention to 
our rules, that esteem which has raised you to the rank you 
now possess. 

“ It is one of your great duties, as a Most Excellent Mas¬ 
ter, to dispense light and truth to the uninformed Mason ; 
and I need not remind you of the impossibility of comply¬ 
ing with this obligation without possessing an accurate 
acquaintance with the lectures of each degree. 

17 


194 


MOST EXCELLENT MASTER. 


“ If you are not already completely conversant in all the 
degrees heretofore conferred on you, remember, that an 
indulgence, prompted by a belief that you will apply your¬ 
self with double diligence to make yourself so, has induced 
the brethren to accept you. 

“ Let it therefore, be your unremitting study to acquire 
such a degree of knowledge and information as shall enable 
you to discharge, with propriety, the various duties incum¬ 
bent on you, and to preserve unsullied the title now con¬ 
ferred upon you of a Most Excellent Master.’’ 





































































































































































































































































































IlOYAL ARCH MASON. 


CHAPTER I. 

OBSERVATIONS ON THE SEVENTH, OR DEGREE OE 
ROYAL ARCH MASON. 

As Moses was commanded to pull his shoes from off his feet, on Mount 
Horeb, because the ground whereon he trod was sanctified by the 
presence of the Divinity : so the Mason, who would prepare himself 
lor this exalted state of Masonry,* should advance in the naked 
paths of truth, be divested of every degree of arrogance, and ap¬ 
proach with steps of innocence, humility, and virtue, to challenge 
the ensigns of an order, whose institutions arise on the most solemn 
and sacred principles of religion.— Hutchinson. 

This degree is indescribably more august, sublime, and 
important, than all which precede it; and is the summit and 
perfection of ancient Masonry. It impresses on our minds 
a belief of the being and existence of a Supreme Deity, 
without beginning of days or end of years ; and reminds us 
of the reverence due lo his holy name. 

It also brings to light many essentials of the craft, which 
were for the space of four hundred and seventy years buried 
in darkness ; and without a knowledge of which the Masonic 
character cannot be complete. 

* The Rev. Doctor Munkhouse, in one of his admirable discourses 
on Masonry, observes, that the author of Ahimon Rezon, (Lawrence 
Dermot) speaking of that part of it, which is called the Royal Arch. 
says, “ This I firmly believe to be the root, heart, and marrow of 
Masonry.” 



196 


ROYAL ARCH MASON. 


The following passages from Holy Writ , serve to ex¬ 
plain the form , furniture , and clothing of a chapter , 
duly congregated . 

II. Chronicles, iii. 1. 

Then Solomon began to build the house of the Lord at 
Jerusalem, in Mount Moriah, where the Lord appeared 
unto David his father, in the place that David had prepared 
in the threshing floor of Oman the Jebusite. 

2. And he began to build in the second day of the second 
month, in the fourth year of his reign. 

8. And he made the most holy house, the length whereof 
was according to the breadth of the house, twenty cubits, 
and the breadth thereof twenty cubits: and he overlaid it 
with fine gold, amounting to six hundred talents. 

14. And he made the vail of blue , and purple , and 
crimson , and fine linen , and wrought cherubims thereon . 

Exodus, xxxix. 

“And of the blue, and purple, and scarlet, they made 
clothes of service, to do service in the holy place, and made 
the holy garments for Aaron, as the Lord commanded 
Moses. And he made the ephod of gold, blue and purple, 
and scarlet, and fine twined linen. And they did beat the 
gold into thin plates, and cut it into wires, to work it in the 
Hue, and in the purple, and in the scarlet, and in the fine 
linen, with cunning work. They made shoulder-pieces for 
it, to couple it together: by the two edges was it coupled 
together. And the curious girdle of his ephod, that was 
upon it, was of the same, according to the work thereof, of 
gold, blue, and purple, and scarlet, and fine twined linen : 
as the Lord commanded Moses. 

“ And they wrought onyx-stones inclosed in ouches of 
gold, graven as signets are graven, with the names of the 
children of Israel. And he put them on the shoulders of 


ROYAL ARCH MASON. 197 

the ephod, that they should be stones for a memorial to the 
children of Israel; as the Lord commanded Moses. 

“And he made the breast-plate of cunning work, like 
the work of the ephod ; of gold, blue, and purple, ana 
scarlet, and fine twined linen. It was four square; they 
made the breast-plate double : a span was the length thereof, 
and a span the breadth thereof, being doubled. And they 
set it in four rows of stones : the first row was a sardius, a 
topaz, and a carbuncle; this was the first row. And the 
second row an emerald, a sapphire, and a diamond. And 
the third row, a figure, an agate, and an amethyst. And 
the fourth row, a beryl, an onyx, and a jasper: they were 
inclosed in ouches of gold in their inclosings. And the 
stones were according to the names of the children of Israel, 
twelve according to their names, like the engravings of a 
signet, every one with his name according to the twelve 
tribes. And they made upon the breast-plate chains at the 
ends, of wreathen work of pure gold. And they made two 
ouches of gold, and two gold rings, and put the two rings 
in the two ends of the hreast-plate. And they put the two 
wreathen chains of gold in the two rings on the ends of 
the breast-plate. And the two ends of the two wreathen 
chains they fastened in the two ouches, and put them on 
the shoulder-pieces of the ephod before it. And they made 
two rings of gold, and put them on the two ends of the 
breast-plate, upon the border of it, which was on the side 
of the ephod inward. And they made two other golden 
rings, and put them on the two sides of the ephod under¬ 
neath, toward the fore part of it over against the other, 
coupling thereof, above the curious girdle of the ephod. 
And they did bind the breast-plate by his rings unto the 
rings of the ephod with a lace of blue, that it might be 
above the curious girdle of the ephod, and that the breast¬ 
plate might not be loosed from the ephod ; as the Lord 
commanded Moses. 


17 


193 


ROYAL ARCH MASON. 


“ And he made the robe of the ephod of woven work, 
all of blue. And there was an hole in the midst of the 
robe, as the hole of an habergeon, with a band round about 
the hole, that it should not rend. And they made upon the 
hems of the robe, pomegranates of blue, and purple, and 
scarlet, and twined linen. And they made bells of pure 
gold, and put the bells between the pomegranates, upon the 
hem of the robe, round about between the pomegranates ; 
a bell and a pomegranate, a bell and a pomegranate round 
about the hem of the robe to minister in ; as the Lord com¬ 
manded Moses. 

“ And they made coats of fine linen of woven work for 
Aaron and for his sons, and a mitre of fine linen, and goodly 
bonnets of fine linen, and linen breeches of fine twined 
linen ; and a girdle of fine twined linen, and blue, and pur¬ 
ple, and scarlet, of needle work; as the Lord commanded 
Moses. 

“And they made the plate of the holy crown of pure 
gold, and wrote upon it a writing, like to the engravings of 
a signet, holiness to the lord. And they tied it upon a 
lace of blue, to fasten it on high upon the mitre; as the 
Lord commanded Moses. 

“ Thus was all the work of the tabernacle of the tent of 
the congregation finished and the children of Israel did 

* “ The proportion of the measure of the tabernacle proved it to be 
an imitation of the system of the world; for that third part thereof 
which was within the four pillars to which the priests were not ad¬ 
mitted, is, as it were, an heaven peculiar to God; but the space of 
twenty cubits, is as it were sea and land, on which men live ; and so 
this part is peculiar to the priests only. 

“ When Moses distinguished the tabernacle into three parts, and 
allowed two of them to the priests, as a place accessible and common, 
he denoted the land and the sea ; for these are accessible to all. But 
when he set apart the third division for God, it was because heaven is 
inaccessible to men. And when he ordered twelve loaves to be set on 
the table, he denoted the year, as distinguished into so many months. 


ROYAL ARCH MASON. 


199 


according to all that the Lord commanded Moses, so did 
they. And they brought the tabernacle unto Moses, the 
tent, and all his furniture, his taches, his boards, his bars, 
and his pillars, and his sockets, and the covering of rams’ 
skins dyed red, and the covering of badgers’ skins, and the 
vail of the covering, the ark of the testimony, and the staves 
thereof, and the mercy-seat, the table, and all the vessels 
thereof, and the shew-bread, the pure candlestick, with the 
lamps thereof, even with the lamps to be set in order, and 
all the vessels thereof, and the oil for light, and the golden 
altar, and the anointing oil, and the sweet incense, and the 
hanging for the tabernacle door, the brazen altar, and his 
grate of brass, his staves and all his vessels, the laver and 

And when he made the candlestick of seventy parts, he secretly inti¬ 
mated the decani, or seventy divisions of the planets. And as to the 
seven lamps upon the candlesticks, they referred to the course of the 
planets, of which that is the number. And for the vails, which were 
composed of four things, they declared the four elements. For the 
fine linen, was proper to signify the earth, because the flax grows out 
of the earth. The purple signified the sea, because that colour is dyed 
by the blood of a sea shell-fish. The blue is fit to signify the air, and 
the scarlet will naturally be an indication of fire. Now the vestment 
of the high priest being made of linen, signified the earth; the blue 
denoted the sky, being like lightning in its pomegranates, and in the 
noise of the bells resembling thunder. And for the ephod, it shewed 
that God had made the universe of four elements; and as for the gold 
interwoven, I suppose it related to the splendor by which all things are 
enlightened. He also appointed the breast-plate to be placed in the 
middle of the ephod, to resemble the earth ; and the girdle which com¬ 
passed the high priest round, signified the ocean. Each of the sard- 
onyxes declares to us the sun and the moon: those I mean that were 
in the nature of buttons on the high priest’s shoulders. And for the 
twelve stones, whether we understand by them the months, or whether 
we understand the like number of the signs of that circle which the 
Greeks call the zodiac, we shall not be mistaken in their meaning. 
And for the mitre, which was of a blue colour, it seems to me to mean 
heaven: for how otherwise could the name of God be inscribed upon 


200 


ROYAL ARCH MASON. 


Ills foot, the hangings of the court, his pillars, and his sock¬ 
ets, and the hanging for the court gate, Ins cords, and his 
pins, and all the vessels of the service of the tabernacle, 
for the tent of the congregation, the clothes of service to do 
service in the holy place, and the holy garments for Aaron 
the priest, and his son’s garments, to minister in the priest’s 
office. According to all that the Lord commanded Moses, 
so the children of Israel made all the work. And Moses 
did look upon all the work, and behold, they had done it as 
the Lord had commanded, even so had they done it: and 
Moses blessed them.” 

it 1 That it was also illustrated with a crown, and that of gold also, 
is because of that splendour with which God is pleased.”— Josephus , 
Antiq. Jud. cha. 7. 

In another place Josephus says, the candlestick was emblematical of 
the seven days of creation and rest. 

“ The tabernacle set up by the Israelites in the desert, may neverthe¬ 
less give some idea of the manner in which, at that time, the Egyptian 
temples were constructed. I believe, really, that there must have been 
some relation between the tastes which reigned in these edifices and the 
tabernacle. The tabernacle, though only a vast tent, had a great rela¬ 
tion with architecture. We ought to look upon it as a representation 
of the temples and palaces of the East. Let us recollect what we have 
said before of the form of government of the Hebrews. The Supreme 
Being was equally their God and King. The tabernacle was erected 
with a view to answer to that double title. The Israelites went there 
sometimes to adore the Almighty, and sometimes to receive the orders 
of their sovereign, present in a sensible manner in the presence of his 
people. I think then we ought to look upon the tabernacle as a work 
which God would have, that the structure should have relation with the 
edifices destined in the East, whether for the worship of the Gods, or 
the habitation of Kings. The whole construction of the taber¬ 
nacle presented moreover, the model of an edifice, regular and dis¬ 
tributed with much skill. All the dimensions and proportions ap¬ 
peared to have been observed with care, and perfectly well adapted.”— 
De Goguct. 


ROYAL ARCH MASON. 


201 


The following passage of Scripture is read at opening ;* 

II. Thessalonians, iii. 6, 17.—“ Now we command 
yon, brethren, that ye withdraw yourselves from every bro¬ 
ther that waiketh disorderly, and not after the tradition that 
ye received of us. For yourselves know how ye ought to 
follow us, for we beiiaved not ourselves disorderly among 
you. Neither did we eat any man’s bread for nought, but 
wrought with labour and travail night and day, that we 
might not be chargeable to any of you. Not because we 
have not power, but to make ourselves an ensample unto 
you to follow us. For even when we were with you, this 
we commanded you, that if any would not work, neither 
should he eat: For we hear that there are some which walk 
among you disorderly, working not at all, but are busy- 
bodies. Now them that are such, we command and exhort, 
that with quietness they work, and eat their own bread. 
But ye, brethren, be not weary in well doing. And if any 
man obey not our word, by this epistle, note that man and 
have no company with him, that he may be ashamed. Yet 
count him not as an enemy, but admonish him as a brother. 
Now the Lord of peace himself give you peace always by 
all means. The Lord be with you all.” 

OBSERVATIONS ON THE SEVENTH DEGREE. 

The lecture of this degree is divided into two sections, 
and should be well understood by every Royal Arch Mason ; 
upon an accurate acquaintance with it, will depend his use- 

* I have inserted this chapter, because I find it incorporated in all the 
Works in which this degree is treated of, and because I believe it is 
generally used in all regular chapters. In copying it, however, I have 
referred to the source from whence it has been originally drawn, and 
leave experienced companions to judge of the motives by which I have 
been actuated, as well as to determine why the whole or any part 
thereof, should be here introduced.— 


202 


ROYAL ARCH MASON. 


fulness at our assemblies; and without it, he will be unqua¬ 
lified to perform the duties of the various stations in which 
his services may be required by the chapter. 

THE FIRST SECTION. 

The first section opens to our view a large field for con¬ 
templation and study. It furnishes us with many interest¬ 
ing particulars relative to the state of the fraternity, during 
and since the reign of King Solomon ; and illustrates the 
causes and consequences of some very important events 
which occurred during his reign. 

This section explains the mode of government in this 
class of Masons; it designates the appellation, number, and 
situation of the several officers ; and points out the purposes 
and duties of their respective stations. 

THE SECOND SECTION. 

This section contains much valuable historical informa¬ 
tion, and proves, beyond the power of contradiction, and in 
the most striking colours, that prosperity and happiness, are 
ever the ultimate consequence of virtue and justice, while 
disgrace and ruin invariably follow the practices of vice and 
immorality. 

A proper arrangement of the following charges, <fcc. is 
essentially necessary to be observed in every chapter; and 
their application should be familiar to every Royal Arch 
Mason. 

Isaiah xliii. 16 . 

I will bring the blind by a way that they know not, I 
will lead them in paths that they have not known ; I will 
make the darkness light before them, and crooked things 
straight. These will I do unto them, and will not forsake 
them. 


































































































































ROYAL ARCH MASON. 


203 


“ At first she will walk with him by crooked ways, and 
bring fear and dread upon him, and prove him with her dis¬ 
cipline, until she may trust his soul, and try him by her 
laws. Then will she return the straight way unto him, and 
comfort him, and show him her secrets.”— JScclesiasticus. 


PRAYER, 

REHEARSED DURING THE CEREMONY OF EXALTATION TO THE 
DEGREE OF ROYAL ARCH MASON. 

“Supreme Architect of Universal Nature, who, by thine 
almighty word, didst speak into being the tremendous arch 
of heaven, and for the instruction and pleasure of thy 
rational creatures, didst adorn us with greater and lesser 
lights ; thereby magnifying thy power, and endearing thy 
goodness, unto the sons of men : we humbly adore and 
worship thine unspeakable perfection. We bless thee, that 
when man had fallen from his innocence and his happiness, 
thou didst still leave unto him the powers of reasoning, and 
capacity of improvement and of pleasure. We thank thee 
that amidst the pains and calamities of our present state, so 
many means of refreshment and satisfaction are reserved 
unto us, while travelling the rugged path of life. Especially 
would we at this time render thee our thanksgiving and 
praise for the institution, as members of which we are at 
this time assembled, and for all the pleasures we have de¬ 
rived from it. We thank thee that the few here assembled 
before thee, have been favoured with new inducements, and 
laid under new and stronger obligations to virtue and holi¬ 
ness. May these obligations, O blessed'Father, have their 
full effect upon us. Teach us, we pray thee, the true reve¬ 
rence of thy great, mighty, and terrible name. Inspire us 
with a firm and unshaken resolution in our virtuous pursuits. 
Give us grace diligently to search thy word in the Book of 


204 


ROYAL ARCH MASON. 


Nature, wherein the duties of our high vocation are incul¬ 
cated with divine authority. May the solemnity of the 
ceremonies of our institution, be duly impressed on our 
minds, and have a lasting and happy effect upon our lives. 
O thou, who didst aforetime appear unto thy servant Moses, 
in a Jlcime of fire out of the midst of a bush, enkindle, 
we beseech thee, in each of our hearts, a flame of devotion 
to thee, of love to each other, and of charity to all mankind. 
May all thy miracles and mighty works fill us with the 
dread, and thy goodness impress us with the love of thy 
holy name. 

May holiness to the Lord be engraven on all our thoughts, 
words, and actions. May the incense of piety ascend con¬ 
tinually unto thee from the altar o£ our hearts, and burn, 
day and night, as a sacrifice of sweet smelling savour, well 
pleasing unto thee. And since sin hath destroyed within us 
the first temple of purity and innocence, may thy heavenly 
grace guide and assist us in rebuilding a second temple of 
reformation, and may the glory of this latter house be 
greater than the glory of the former. Amend' 

Or this: 


AHABATH OLAM. 

A PRAYER, REPEATED IN THE ROYAL ARCH LODGE 
AT JERUSALEM. 

Thou hast loved us, O Lord our God, with eternal love; 
thou hast spared us with great and exceeding patience, our 
Father and our King, for thy great name’s sake, and for our 
fathers’ sake, who trusted in thee, to whom thou didst teach 
the statutes of life, that they might do after the statutes of 
thy good pleasure with a perfect heart; so be thou merciful 
unto us, 0 our Father, merciful Father, that showeth mercy, 
have mercy upon us, we beseech thee, and put understand- 














































































ROYAL ARCH MASON. 


205 


ing into our hearts, that we may understand, be wise, hear, 
learn, teach, keep, do, and perform all the words of the 
doctrine of thy law in love, and enlighten our eyes in thy 
commandments, and cause our hearts to cleave to thy law, 
and unite them in the love and fear of thy name, we will 
not be ashamed, nor confounded, nor stumble, for ever and 
ever. 

Because we have trusted in Jehovah , mighty and 
terrible name , we will rejoice and be glad in thy salvation, 
and in thy mercies, O Lord our God ; and the multitude of 
thy mercies, shall not forsake us for ever, Selah : And now 
make haste and bring upon us a blessing, and peace from 
the four corners of the earth; for thou art a God that work- 
est salvation, and hast chosen us out of every people and 
language ; and thou, our King, hast caused us to cleave to 
thy great name , in love and praise to thee, and to be united 
to thee, and to love thy name; blessed art thou, O Lord 
God, who hast chosen thy people Israel in love. Amen. 

Exodus iii. 1—6. 

“ Now Moses kept the flock of Jethro his father-in-law, 
the priest of Midian ; and he led the flock to the back side 
of the desert, and came to the mountain of God, even to 
Horeb. And the angel of the Lord appeared unto him in 
a flame of fire out of the midst of a bush : and he looked, 
and behold, the bush burned with fire, and the bush was not 
consumed. And Moses said, I will now turn aside, and 
see this great sight, why the bush is not burned. And when 
the Lord saw that he turned aside to see, God called unto 
him out of the midst of the bush, and said, Moses, Moses ! 
And he said, here am I. And he said, Draw not nigh 
hither: put off* thy shoes from off* thy feet, for the place 
whereon thou standest is holy ground. Moreover he said, 
1 am the God of thy father, the God of Abraham, the God 

18 


206 


ROYAL ARCH MASON. 


of Isaac, and the God of Jacob. And Moses hid his face, 
for he was afraid to look upon God.” 

Deuteronomy v. 1 — 24 . 

“ And Moses called all Israel, and said unto them, Hear, 
O Israel, the statutes and judgments which I speak in your 
ears this day, that ye may learn them, and keep and do 
them. The Lord our God made a covenant with us in 
Horeb. The Lord made not this covenant with our fathers, 
but with us, even us, who are all of us here alive this day. 
The Lord talked with you face to face in the mount, out of 
the midst of the fire, (I stood between the Lord and you at 
that time, to show you the word of the Lord : for ye were 
afraid by reason of the fire, and went not up into the mount) 
saying, 

“ I am the Lord thy God, which brought thee out of the 
land of Egypt, from the house of bondage. Thou shalt 
have none other gods before me. Thou shalt not make 
thee any graven image, or any likeness of any thing that is 
in heaven above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that is 
in the waters beneath the earth : Thou shalt not bow down 
thyself unto them, nor serve them : for I the Lord thy God 
am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon 
the children unto the third and fourth generation of them 
that hate me, and showing mercy unto thousands of them 
that love me, and keep my commandments. Thou shalt 
not take the name of the Lord thy God in vain: for the 
Lord will not hold him guiltless that taketh his name in vain. 
Keep the Sabbath day to sanctify it as the Lord thy God 
hath commanded thee. Six days thou shalt labour, and do 
all thy work: But the seventh day is the Sabbath of the 
Lord thy God : in it thou shall not do any work, thou, nor 
thy son, nor thy daughter, nor thy man-servant, nor thy 
maid-servant, nor thine ox, nor thine ass, nor any of thy 


ROYAL ARCH MASON. 


207 


cattle, nor thy stranger that is within thy gates ; that thy 
man-servant and thy maid-servant may rest as well as thou 
And remember that thou wast a servant in the land of 
Egypt, and that the Lord thy God brought thee out thence 
through a mighty hand, and by a stretched-out arm, there¬ 
fore the Lord thy God commanded thee to keep the Sabbath- 
day. 

“ Honour thy father and thy mother, as the Lord thy God 
hath commanded thee; that thy days may be prolonged, 
and that it may go well with thee, in the land which the 
Lord thy God giveth thee. Thou shait not kill. Neither 
shalt thou commit adultery. Neither shait thou steal. 
Neither shait thou bear false witness against thy neighbour. 
Neither shait thou desire thy neighbour’s wife, neither shait 
thou covet thy neighbour’s house, his field, or his man¬ 
servant, or his maid-servant, his ox, or his ass, or any thing 
that is thy neighbour’s. These words the Lord spake unto 
all your assembly in the mount, out of the midst of the fire, 
of the cloud, and of the thick darkness, with a great voice; 
and he added no more. And he wrote them in two tables 
of stone, and delivered them unto me. And it came to 
pass, when ye heard the voice out of the midst of the dark¬ 
ness, (for the mountain did burn with fire,) that ye came 
near unto me, even all the heads of your tribes, and your 
elders; And ye said, Behold, the Lord our God hath 
shewed us his glory and his greatness, and we have heard 
his voice out of the midst of the fire : we have seen this 
day that God doth talk with man, and that he liveth.” 

II. Chronicles xxxvi. 11 —20. 

“ Zedekiah was one and twenty years old when he began 
to reign, and reigned eleven years in Jerusalem. And he 
did that which was evil in the sight of the Lord his God, 
and humbled not himself before Jeremiah the prophet, 


208 


ROYAL ARCH MASON. 


speaking from the mouth of the Lord. And he also rebel¬ 
led against King Nebuchadnezzar, who had made him 
swear by God. but he stiffened his neck, and hardened his 
heart, from turning unto the Lord God of Israel. 

“ Moreover all the chiefs of the priests and the people 
transgressed very much, after all the abominations of the 
heathen, and polluted the house of the Lord, which he had 
hallowed in Jerusalem. And the Lord God of their fathers 
sent to them by his messengers ; rising up betimes and 
sending, because he had compassion on his people, and on 
his dwelling place. But they mocked the messengers of 
God, and despised his words, and misused his prophets ; 
until the wrath of the Lord arose against his people till 
there was no remedy. Therefore he brought upon them 
the king of the Chaldees, who slew their young men with 
the sword, in the house of their sanctuary, and had no com¬ 
passion upon young man, or maiden, old man, or him that 
stooped for age : he gave them all into his hand. And all 
the vessels of the house of God, great and small, and the 
treasures of the house of the Lord, and the treasures of the 
king: and of his princes ; all these he brought to Babylon. 
And they burned the house of God, and brake down the 
wall of Jerusalem, and burned all the palaces thereof with 
fire, and destroyed all the goodly vessels thereof. And 
them that had escaped from the sword, carried he away to 
Babylon; where they were servants to him and his sons, 
until the reign of the kingdom of Persia.’ , 

Ezra i. 1—3. 

“Now in the first year of Cyrus, king of Persia, that 
the word of the Lord, by the mouth of Jeremiah might be 
fulfilled, the Lord stirred up the spirit of Cyrus, King of 
Persia, that he made a proclamation throughout all his king¬ 
dom, and put it also in writing, saying, Thus saith Cyrus, 

20 * 


ROYAL ARCH MASON. 


209 


King of Persia, The Lord God of Heaven hath given me 
all the kingdoms of the earth, and he hath charged me, to 
build him an house at Jerusalem, which is in Judah, who 
is there among you of all his people ? his God be with him, 
and let him go up to Jerusalem which is in Judah, and 
build the house of the Lord God of Israel, he is the God, 
which is in Jerusalem.” 

Exodus iii. 13, 14. 

“ And Moses said unto God, Behold, when I come unto 
the children of Israel, and shall say unto them, The God 
of your fathers hath sent me unto you ; and they shall say 
to me, What is his name ? what shall I say unto them ?” 

“ And God said unto Moses, I am that I am: And he 
said, and thus shalt thou say unto the children of Israel, 1 
am hath sent me unto you.” 

Psalm cxli. 

“ Lord, I cry unto thee: make haste unto me : give ear 
unto my voice, when I cry unto thee. Let my prayer be 
set forth before thee as incense, and the lifting up of my 
hands as the evening sacrifice. Set a watch, O Lord, before 
my mouth; keep the door of my lips. Incline not my 
heart to any evil thing, to practice wicked works with men 
that work iniquity, and let me not eat of their dainties. Let 
the righteous smite me ; it shall be a kindness : and let him 
reprove me, it shall be an excellent oil, which shall not 
break my head : for yet my prayer also shall be in their 
calamities. When their judges are overthrown in stony 
places, they shall hear my words; for they are sweet. Our 
bones are scattered at the grave’s mouth, as when one cut- 
teth and cleaveth wood upon the earth. But mine eyes are 
unto thee, O God the Lord : in thee is my trust; leave not 
my soul destitute. Keep me from the snares which they 

18 * 


210 


ROVTAL ARCH MASON. 


have laid for me, and the gins of the workers of iniquity. 
Let the wicked fall into their own nets, whilst that I withal 
escape. 

Psalm cxlii. 

“ I cried unto the Lord with my voice ; with my voice 
unto the Lord did I make my supplication, I poured out my 
complaint before him : I showed before him my trouble*. 
When my spirit was overwhelmed within me then thou 
knewest my path: in the way wherein I walked have they 
privily laid a snare for me. I looked on my right hand, and 
beheld, but there was no man that would know me : refuge 
failed me : no man cared for my soul. 1 cried unto thee, 0 
Lord: I said, Thou art my refuge, and my portion in the 
land of the living. Attend unto my cry, for I am brought 
very low: deliver me from my persecutors; for they are 
stronger than I. Bring my soul out of prison, that I may 
praise thy name.” 


Psalm cxliii. 

“ Hear my prayer, O Lord: give ear to my supplica¬ 
tions : in thy faithfulness answer me, and in thy righteous¬ 
ness. And enter not into judgment with thy servant: for 
in thy sight shall no man living be justified. For the enemy 
hath persecuted my soul; he hath smitten my life down to 
the ground: he hath made me to dwell in darkness, as those 
that have been long dead. Therefore is my spirit over¬ 
whelmed within me : my heart within me is desolate. I 
remember the days of old, I meditate on all thy works ; I 
muse on the work of thy hands. I stretch forth my hands 
unto thee: my soul thirsteth after thee, as a thirsty land. 
Selah. Hear me speedily, O Lord; my spirit faileth : hide 
not thy face from me, lest I be like unto them that go down 
into the pit. Cause me to hear thy loving kindness in the 
morning; for in thee do I trust: cause me to know the way 


ROYAL ARCH MASON. 


211 


wherein I should walk ; for I lift up my soul unto thee. 
Deliver me, O Lord, from mine enemies: I flee unto thee 
to hide me. Teach me to do thy will; for thou art my 
God : thy spirit is good ; lead me unto the land of uprigLt- 
ness. Quicken me, O Lord, for thy name’s sake, for thy 
righteousness sake, bring my soul out of trouble. And of 
thy mercy cut off mine enemies, for 1 am thy servant.” 

Exodus iv. 1—9. 

“ And Moses answered and said, but behold, they will 
not believe me, nor hearken unto my voice : for they will 
say, The Lord hath not appeared unto thee. And the Lord 
said unto him, What is that in thine hand ? And he said, 
A rod. And he said, Cast it on the ground ; and he cast it 
on the ground, and it became a serpent; and Moses fled 
from before it. And the Lord said unto Moses, Put forth 
thine hand, and take it by the tail. And he put forth his 
hand and caught it, and it became a rod in his hand. That 
they may believe that the Lord God of their fathers, the 
God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob, 
hath appeared unto thee. 

“And the Lord said furthermore unto him, Put now thine 
hand into thy bosom ; and he put his hand into his bosom : 
and when he took it out, behold, his hand was leprous as 
snow. And he said, Put thine hand into thy bosom again : 
and he put his hand into his bosom again, and plucked it 
out of his bosom, and, behold, it was turned again as his 
other flesh. And it shall come to pass, if they will not be¬ 
lieve thee, neither hearken to the voice of the first sign, that 
they will believe the voice of the latter sign. 

“ And it shall come to pass, if they will not believe also 
these two signs, neither hearken unto thy voice, that thou 
shalt take of the water of the river, and pour it upon the 
dry land : and the water which thou takest out of the river, 
shall become blood upon the dry land.” 


212 


ROYAL ARCH MASON. 


Haggai ii. 1—9, 23. 

“ In the seventh month, in the one and twentieth day of 
the month, came the word of the Lord by the prophet Hag¬ 
gai, saying, Speak now to Zerubbabel the son of Shealtiel, 
governor of Judah, and to Joshua, the son of Josedech, the 
high priest, and to the residue of the people, saying, Who 
is left among you that saw this house in her first glory ? 
and how do ye see it now ? is it not in your eyes in com¬ 
parison of it as nothing? Yet now be strong O Zerubba¬ 
bel, saith the Lord, and be strong, O Joshua, son of Jose¬ 
dech the high priest, and be strong all ye people of the 
land, saith the Lord, and work; for I am with you, saith 
the Lord of Hosts, according to the word that I covenanted 
with you when ye came out of Egypt, so my spirit remain¬ 
ed! among you : fear ye not. For thus saith the Lord of 
Hosts, yet once, it is a little while, and I will shake the 
heavens, and the earth, and the sea, and the dry land : and 
I will shake all nations, and the desire of all nations shall 
come, and I will fill this house with glory saith the Lord 
of Hosts. The silver is mine, and the gold is mine, saith 
the Lord of Hosts. The glory of this latter house shall be 
greater than of the former, saith the Lord of Hosts, and in 
this place will I give peace, saith the Lord of Hosts.” 

“ In that day, saith the Lord of Hosts, will I take thee, 
0 Zerubbabel, my servant, the son of Shealtiel, saith the 
Lord, and I will make thee as a signet : for I have chosen 
thee, saith the Lord of Hosts.” 

Zechariah iv. 6—10. 

“ This is the word of the Lord unto Zerubbabel, saying, 
Not by might nor by power, but by my spirit, saith the 
Lord of Hosts. Who art thou, O great mountain? before 
Zerubbabel thou shalt become a plain, and he shall bring 
forth the head stone thereof, with shouting, crying, Grace, 


ROYAL ARCH MASON. 


213 


grace, unto it. Moreover the word of the Lord came unto 
me, saying, The hands of Zerubbabel have laid the founda¬ 
tion of this house, his hands shall also finish it; and thou 
shalt know that the Lord of Hosts hath sent me unto you. 
For who hath despised the day of small things ? for they 
shall rejoice, and shall see the plummet in the hands of 
Zerubbabel with those seven, they are the eyes of the Lord , 
which run to and fro through the whole earth,” 

John i. 1—5. 

“ In the beginning was the word , and the word was with 
God, and the word was God. The same was in the begin¬ 
ning with God. All things were made by him; and with¬ 
out him was not any thing made that was made. In him 
was life, and the life was the light of men. And the light 
shineth in darkness , and the darkness comprehendeth it 
not” 

Deuter. xxxi. 24—26. 

“ And it came to pass, when Moses had made an end of 
writing the words of this law, in a book, until they were 
finished, that Moses commanded the Levites which bare the 
ark of the covenant of the Lord, saying, take this book of 
the law, and put it in the side of the ark of the covenant of 
the Lord your God, that it may be there for & witness against 
thee.” 

Exodus, xxv. 21. 

“ And thou shalt put the mercy seat above, upon the ark ; 
and in the ark thou shalt put the testimony that I shall give 
thee.” 

Exodus, xvi. 32, 33. 

“ And Moses said, this is the thing which the Lord com- 
mandeth, fill an omer of the manna, to be kept for your 
generations ; that they may see the bread wherewith I have 


214 


ROYAL ARCH MASON. 


fed you in the wilderness, when I brought you forth from 
the land of Egypt. And Moses said unto Aaron, Take a 
pot and put an omer full of manna therein, and lay it up 
before the Lord to be kept for your generations. As the 
Lord commanded Moses, so Aaron laid it up before the tes¬ 
timony to be kept.” 

Exodus, xxxi. 1—4. 

And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying, See, I have 
called by name, Bezaleel, the son of Uri, the son of Hur, 
of the tribe of Judah: and I have tilled him with the spirit 
of God, in wisdom, and in understanding, and in know¬ 
ledge, and in all manner of workmanship, to devise cun¬ 
ning works, to work in gold and silver, and in brass. 

6. And I, behold, I have given with him, Aholiab the son 
of Ahisamach, of the tribe of Dan: and in the hearts of 
all that are wise hearted, I have put wisdom, that they mav 
make all that I have commanded thee. 

Exodus, xxxvi. 1—3. 

Then wrought Bezaleel and Aholiab, and every wise- 
hearted man, in whom the Lord put wisdom and under¬ 
standing, to know how to work all manner of work for the 
service of the sanctuary; according to all that the Lord 
hath commanded. And Moses called Bezaleel and Aho¬ 
liab, and every wise-hearted man, in whose heart the Lord 
had put wisdom, even every one whose heart stirred him 
up to come unto the work to do it. And they received of 
Moses all the offering, which the children of Israel had 
brought for the work of the service of the sanctuary, to 
make it withal. And they brought yet unto him free-offer- 
ings every morning. 

Exodus, xxxvii. 1—5. 

“ And Bezaleel made the ark of shittim wood : two cubits 


ROYAL ARCH MASON. 


215 


and a half was the length of it, and a cubit and a half the 
breadth of it, and a cubit and a half the height of it: and 
he overlaid it with pure gold within and without, and made 
a crown of gold to it round about. And he cast for it four 
rings of gold to be set by the four corners of it; even two 
rings upon the one side of it, and two rings upon the other 
side of it. And he made staves of shittim wood, and over¬ 
laid them with gold. And he put the staves into the rings 
by the sides of the ark, to bear the ark.” 

Numbers, xvii. 10. 

“ And the Lord said unto Moses, Bring Aaron's rod 
again, before the testimony, to be kept for a token.” 

Hebrews, ix. 2, 5. 

“ For there was a tabernacle made; the first, wherein 
was the candlestick, and the table, and the shewbread, 
which is called the Sanctuary. And after the second vail, 
the tabernacle, which is called the holiest of all, which had 
the golden censer, and the ark of the covenant, overlaid 
round about with gold, wherein was the golden pot that had 
manna , and Aaron's rod that budded, and the tables of the 
covenant; and over it the cherubims of glory, shadowing 
the mercy seat; of which we cannot now speak particu¬ 
larly.” 

Amos, ix. 11. 

“ In that day will l raise up the tabernacle of David that 
is fallen, and close up the breaches thereof, and I will raise 
up his ruins, and I will build it as in the days of old.” 

Exodus, vi. 2, 3. 

“And God spake unto Moses and said unto him, I am 
the Lord: and I appeared unto Abraham, unto Isaac, and 
unto Jacob, by the name of God Almighty, but by my name 
Jehovah was 1 not known to them.” 


216 


ROYAL ARCH MASON. 


The following particulars , relative to King Solomon’s 

Temple , may with propriety he here introduced , and 

cannot be uninteresting to a Royal Arch Mason . 

This famous fabric was situated on Mount Moriah, near 
the place where Abraham was about to offer up his son 
Isaac, and where David met and appeased the destroying 
angel. It was begun in the fourth year of the reign of 
Solomon ; the third after the death of David ; four hundred 
and eighty years after the passage of the Red Sea, and on 
the second day of the month Zif, being the second month 
of the sacred year, which answers to the 21st of April, in 
the year of the world 2992 ; and was carried on with such 
prodigious speed, that it was finished in all its parts, in little 
more than seven years. 

By the Masonic art, and the wise regulations of Solomon, 
every part of the building, whether of stone, brick, timber, 
or metal, was wrought and prepared before they were 
brought to Jerusalem ; so that the only tools made use of 
in erecting the fabric were wooden instruments prepared for 
that purpose. The noise of the axe, the hammer, and every 
other tool of metal, was confined to the forests of Lebanon, 
where the timber was procured, and to Mount Libanus, and 
the plains and quarries of Zeredathah, where the stones 
were raised, squared, marked and numbered : that nothing 
might be heard among the Masons at Jerusalem, but har¬ 
mony and ^)eace. 

In the year of the world 3029, King Solomon died, and 
was succeeded by his son Rehoboam, who, immediately 
after the death of his father went down to Shechem, where 
the chiefs of the people were met together to proclaim him 
king. 

When Jeroboam, the son of Nebat, who was in Egypt, 
whither he had fled from the presence of Solomon, and 
whose ambition had long aspired to the throne, heard of 
the death of the king, he hastened to return from Egypt, to 


ROYAL ARCH MASON. 


217 


put himself at the head of the discontented tribes, and lead 
them on to rebellion. He accordingly assembled them 
together, and came to King Rehoboam, and spake to him 
after this manner: 

“ Thy father made our yoke grievous; now, therefore, 
ease thou somewhat the grievous servitude of thy father, 
and his heavy yoke that he put upon us, and we will serve 
thee. And he said unto them, Come again unto me after 
three days. And the people departed. And King Reho¬ 
boam took counsel with the old men that had stood before 
Solomon his father while he yet lived, saying, What coun¬ 
sel give ye me, to return answer to this people? And they 
spake unto him, saying, If thou be kind to this people, and 
please them, and speak good words to them, they will be 
thy servants forever. But he forsook the counsel which 
the old men gave him, and took counsel of the young men 
that were brought up with him, that stood before him. 
And he said unto them, what advice give ye, that we may 
return answer to this people, which have spoken to me, 
saying, Ease somewhat the yoke that thy father did put 
upon us ? And the young men that were brought up with 
him spake unto him, saying, Thus shalt thou answer the 
people that spake unto thee, saying, Thy father made our 
yoke heavy, but make thou it somewhat lighter for us; 
thus shalt thou say unto them, My little finger shall be 
thicker than my father’s loins. For, whereas my father 
put a heavy yoke upon you, I will put more to your yoke: 
my father chastised you with whips, but I will chastise you 
with scorpions. So Jeroboam and all the people came to 
Rehoboam on the third day, as the king bade, saying. 
Come again to me on the third day. And the king an¬ 
swered them roughly, and King Rehoboam forsook the 
counsel of the old men, and answered them after the advice 
of the young men, saying, My father made your yoke 
heavy, but I will add thereto: my father chastised you with 
19 


218 


ROYAL ARCH MASON. 


whips, but I will chastise you with scorpions. And when 
all Israel saw that the king would not hearken unto them, 
the people answered the king, saying, What portion have 
we in David ? and we have none inheritance in the son of 
Jesse: every man to your tents, O! Israel: and now, 
David, see to thine own house. So all Israel went to their 
tents .”—See II. Chron., chap. x. 

But as to the children of Israel that dwelt in the cities of 
Judah and Benjamin, Rehoboam reigned over them. 

In this manner were the tribes of Israel divided, and 
under two distinct governments for two hundred and fifty- 
four years, when the ten revolted tribes, having become 
weak and degenerated, by following the wickedness and 
idolatry of the kings who governed them, fell a prey to 
Salmanezer, king of Assyria, who, in the reign of Hoshea, 
king of Israel, besieged the city of Samaria, laid their 
country waste, and utterly extirpated their government. 
Such was the wretched fate of a people who disdained sub¬ 
jection to the laws of the house of David, and whose im¬ 
piety and effeminacy ended in their destruction. 

After a series of changes and events, of which an account 
may be found in the history of the Temple, Nebuchadnez¬ 
zar, king of Babylon, with his forces, took possession of 
Jerusalem, and having made captive Jehoiachim the king of 
Judah, elevated his uncle Zedekiah to the throne, after 
binding him by a solemn oath neither to make innovations 
in the government, nor to take part with the Egyptians in 
their wars against Babylon. 

At the end of eight years Zedekiah violated his oath to 
Nebuchadnezzar, by forming a treaty offensive and defen¬ 
sive with the Egyptians; thinking that jointly they could 
subdue the king of Babylon. Nebuchadnezzar immediately 
marched and ravaged Zedekiah’s country, seized his castle 
and fortress, and proceeded to the siege of Jerusalem. 
Pharaoh, learning how Zedekiah was pressed, advanced lo 







< 







• 

• 















iSfctioa Second. 


nliHuiiml' 



| 

« fe:a 

n llluu 

|[| 

Sl« 


Ota 4 

*-i> ^ rJ'JT — r 


c^i \ {f\X jy v*y~ rf>< 


K4V’ 

dwjsffi ■*£ 

IMiM| 




4 























ROVAL ARCH MASON. 


2 ID 


his relief, with a view of raising the siege. Nebuchadnez¬ 
zar, having intimation thereof, would not wait his approach, 
but proceeded to give him battle, and in one contest drove 
him out of Syria. This circumstance suspended the siege. 

In the ninth year of Zedekiah’s reign, the king of Baby¬ 
lon again besieged Jerusalem, with a large army, and for a 
year and a half exerted all his strength to conquer it; but 
the city did not yield, though enfeebled by famine and pes¬ 
tilence. 

In the eleventh year the siege went on vigorously; the 
Babylonians completed their works, having raised towers all 
round the city so as to drive the invaded party from the 
walls. The place, though a prey to plague and famine, 
was obstinately defended during the space of a year and a 
half. But at length, want of provisions and forces com¬ 
pelled its surrender, and it was accordingly delivered, at 
midnight, to the officers of Nebuchadnezzar. 

Zedekiah, seeing the troops enter the temple, absconded 
by a narrow pass to the desert, with his officers and friends : 
but advice of his escape being given to the Babylonians, 
they pursued them early in the morning, and surrounded 
them near Jericho, where they were bound and carried before 
the king, who ordered his wives and children to be put to 
death in his sight, and then ordered Zedekiah’s eyes to be 
put out, and himself conducted in chains to Babylon. 

After this victory, Nebuchadnezzar despatched his prin¬ 
cipal officer, Nebuzaradan, to Jerusalem, to ransack and 
burn both palace and temple, to raze the city to the ground, 
and conduct the captive inhabitants to Babylon; this ordei 
he accordingly executed. Among the captives were the 
following persons of eminence: Seraiah, the high priest; 
Zephaniah next in rank; the secretary to the king; three 
principal keepers of the temple, seven of the king’s chosen 
friends, and other persons of distinction. 

In the seventieth year of the captivity of the Jews, and 


220 


ROYAL ARCH MASON* 


the first of the reign of Cyrus, king of Persia, he issued 
his famous edict purporting that the God adored by the 
Israelites was the Eternal Being through whose bounty he 
enjoyed the regal dignity; and that he had found himself 
honorably mentioned by the prophets of ancient date, as the 
person who should cause Jerusalem to be rebuilt, and 
restore the Hebrews to their former state of grandeur and 
independency ; he, therefore, gave orders for the release of 
the captives, with his permission to return to their own 
native country, to rebuild the city, and the house of the 
Lord. 

The principal people of the tribes of Judah and Benja¬ 
min, with the priests and Levites, immediately departed for 
Jerusalem and commenced the undertaking; but many of 
the Jews determined to remain in Babylon, rather than 
relinquish the possessions they had obtained in that city. 

The Jews who accepted the proposals of Cyrus for re¬ 
building the city and temple, applied themselves with the 
greatest industry to prepare the foundations thereof, but had 
made no considerable progress, when application was made, 
by some of the neighbouring nations, requesting the princes 
and governors, who had the direction of the work, to pre¬ 
vent further proceedings. The most strenuous opposers of 
the intended structure were the Chuthites, who resided on 
the other side of the river, and whom Salmanezer, king of 
Assyria, had led to re-people Samaria, after he had expelled 
the Israelites. 

During the year 3484, Joshua and Zerrubbabel, incited 
by Haggai and Zachariah, go on with the work by order of 
Darius. 

In the course of the year 3489, the second temple was 
completed. 


. 



































































































ROYAL ARCH MASON. 


221 


CHARGE 

' TO A NEWLY EXALTED COMPANION. 

“ Worthy Companion, —By the consent and assistance 
of the members of this chapter, you are now exalted to the 
sublime and honourable degree of a Royal Arch Mason. 
Having attained this degree, you have arrived at the summit 
and perfection of ancient Masonry ; and are consequently 
entitled to a full explanation of the mysteries of the order. 

“ The rites and mysteries developed in this degree have 
been handed down through a chosen few, unchanged by time 
and uncontrolled by prejudice: and we expect and trust, 
they will be regarded by you with the same veneration, and 
transmitted with the same scrupulous purity to your suc¬ 
cessors. 

“ No one can reflect on the ceremonies of gaining admis¬ 
sion into this place, without being forcibly struck with the 
important lessons which they teach. 

“ Here we are necessarily led to contemplate with grati¬ 
tude and admiration, the sacred source from whence all 
earthly comforts flow ; here we find additional inducements 
to continue steadfast and immoveable in the discharge of 
our respective duties; and here we are bound, by the most 
solemn ties, to promote each others’ welfare, and correct 
each others’ failings, by advice, admonition, and reproof. 

“ As it is our most earnest desire, and a duty we owe to 
our companions of this order, that the admission of every 
candidate into this chapter should be attended by the appro¬ 
bation of the most scrutinizing eye, we hope always to pos¬ 
sess the satisfaction of finding none among us, but such as 
will promote, to the utmost of their power, the great end ol 
our institution. By paying due attention to this determina¬ 
tion, we expect you will netfer recommend any candidate to 

19* 


222 


ROYAL ARCH MASON. 


this chapter, whose abilities and knowledge of the foregoing 
degrees you cannot freely vouch for, and whom you do not 
firmly and confidently believe will fully conform to the prin¬ 
ciples of our order, and fulfil the obligations of a Royal 
Arch Mason. While such are our members, we may expect 
to be united in one object, without lukewarmness, inatten¬ 
tion, or neglect; but zeal, fidelity, and affection, will be the 
distinguishing characteristics of our society, and that satis¬ 
faction, harmony, and peace, may be enjoyed at our meet¬ 
ings, which no other society can afford.” 

CLOSING. 

The chapter is closed with solemn ceremonies; and the 
following prayer is rehearsed, by the Most Excellent High 
Priest: 

“ By the Wisdom, of the Supreme High Priest may we 
be directed, by his Strength may we be enabled, and by the 
Beauty of virtue may we be incited, to perform the obliga¬ 
tions here enjoined on us ; to keep inviolably the mysteries 
here unfolded to us; and invariably to practise all those 
duties out of the chapter, which are inculcated in it.” 

Response. So mote it he. Amen. 





















































































ROYAL MASTER. 


This degree cannot be conferred on any one, except he 
is a Royal Arch Mason, and is preparatory to the Select 
Master’s degree. This, as well as the succeeding degrees, 
are short, still they are replete with some useful and very 
valuable information, intimately connected with Royal Arch 
Masonry, and explains many mysteries which the inquiring 
mind will find absolutely necessary to connect these addi¬ 
tional degrees. 

The following passages of Scripture, &c., are appropriate 
to this degree. 

I. Kings vii. 48. 50. 40. 

And Solomon made all the vessels that pertained unto 
the house of the Lord: the altar of gold, and the table 
of gold, whereupon the shew bread was ; and the candle¬ 
sticks of pure gold ; five on the right side, and five on the 
left, before the oracle ; with the flowers, and the lamps, 
and the tongs of gold ; and the bowls, and the snuffers, 
and the basins, and the spoons, and the censers, of pure 
gold; and the hinges of gold, both for the doors of the 
inner house, the most holy place, and for the doors of the 
house, to wit, of the Temple. So Hiram made an end 
of doing all the work, that he had made King Solomon, 
for the house of the Lord. 

Revelations xxii. 12—14. 

And behold I come quickly ; and my reward is with 
me, to give every man according as his work shall be. I 

223 


224 


ROYAL MASTER. 


am Alpha and Omega, the beginning and the end, the first 
and the last. Blessed are they that do his commandments, 
that they may have a right to the tree of life, and may 
enter in through the gates into the city. 

I. Kings vi. 27. 

And he set the cherubims within the inner house ; and 
they stretched forth the wings of the cherubims, so that 
the wing of the one touched the one wall; and the wing 
of the other cherub touched the other wall; and their 
wings touched one another in the midst of the house. 

The Ark, called the glory of Israel, which was seated in 
the middle of the holy place, under the wings of the che¬ 
rubim, was a small chest or coffer, three feet nine inches 
long, two feet three inches wide, and three feet three 
inches high. It was made of wood, excepting only the 
mercy seat, but overlaid with gold both inside and out. It 
had a ledge of gold surrounding it at the top, into which 
the cover, called the mercy seat, was let in. The mercy 
seat was of solid gold, the thickness of an hand’s breadth; 
at the two ends were two cherubim, looking inward towards 
each other, with their wings expanded; which, embracing 
the whole circumference of the mercy seat, they met on each 
side, in the middle; all of the Rabbins say it was made out 
of the same mass, without any soldering of parts. 

Here the Schedrina , or Divine Presence, rested, and 
was visible in the appearance of a cloud over it. From 
hence the Bathkoll issued, and gave answers when God 
was consulted. And hence it is, that God is said in the 
Scripture, to dwell between the cherubim; that is, between 
the cherubim on the rnercy seat, because there was the seat 
or throne of the visible appearance of his glory among 
them. 





















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































SELECT MASTER. 


This degree is the summit and perfection of ancient Mason¬ 
ry ; and without which the history of the Ro al Arch Degree 
can hardly be said to be complete. It rationally accounts for 
the concealment and preservation of those essentials of the 
craft, which were brought to light at the erection of the 
second Temple ; and which lay concealed from the Masonic 
eye for four hundred and seventy years. 

Many particulars relative to those few, who were selected 
for their superior skill, to complete an important part of 
King Solomon’s Temple, are explained. 

And here, too, is exemplified an instance of justice and 
mercy by our ancient patron, towards one of the craft, who 
was led to disobey his commands, by an over zealous 
attachment for the institution. It ends with a description 
of a particular circumstance, which characterizes the degree. 

The following Psalm is read at opening: 

Psalm lxxxvii. 

“ His foundation is in the holy mountains. The Lord 
loveth the gates of Zion more than all the dwellings of 

Jacob. Glorious things are spoken of thee, O city of God. 

Selah. I will make mention of Rahab and Babylon to 

them that know me. Behold Philistia, and Tyre, with 

Ethiopia: this man was born there. And of Zion it shall 
be said, This and that man was born in her: and the 
Highest himself shall establish her. The Lord shall count, 
when he writeth up the people, that this man was born 

225 


226 


SELECT MASTER. 


there. Selah. As well the singers, as the players on instru¬ 
ments, shall be there: all my springs are in thee.” 

The following passages of Scripture are introduced and 
explained: 

I. Kings iv. 1. 5, 6. 

So King Solomon was king over all Israel. Azariah, the 
son of Nathan, was over the officers; and Zabud, the son 
of Nathan, was principal officer, and the king’s friend ; and 
Ahishar was over the household; and Adoniram, the son 
of Abda, was over the tribute. 

I. Kings v. 17, 18. 

And the king commanded, and they brought great stones, 
costly stones, and hewed stones, to lay the foundation of 
the house. And Solomon’s builders and Hiram’s builders 
did hew them, and the stone-squarers • so they prepared 
timber and stones to build the house. 

I. Kings viii. 13, 14. 

And King Solomon sent and fetched Hiram out of Tyre. 
He was a widow’s son, of the tribe of Naphtali; and his 
father was a man of Tyre, a worker of brass ; and he was 
filled with wisdom and understanding, and cunning, to work 
all works in brass. 


Ezekiel xxvii. 9. 

The ancients of Gebal, and the wise men thereof, were 
in thee thy calkers: all the ships of the sea, with their ma¬ 
riners, were in thee, to occupy thy merchandise. 

Deuteronomy xxxi. 24—26. 

And it came to pass, when Moses had made an end of 
writing the words of this law in a book, until they were 




















































































































































































. 























































































































































































SELECT MASTER. 


227 


finished, that Moses commanded the Levites, which bore 
the ark of the covenant of the Lord, saying, Take this book 
of the law, and put it in the side of the ark of the covenant 
of the Lord your God, that it may be there for a witness 
against thee. 

Exodus xvi. 33, 34. 

And Moses said unto Aaron, Take a pot, and put an omer 
full of manna therein, and lay it up before the Lord, to be 
kept for your generations. As the Lord commanded Moses, 
so Aaron laid it up before the testimony to be kept. 

Numbers xvii. 10. 

And the Lord said unto Moses, Bring Aaron’s rod again 
before the testimony, tQ be kept for a token. 

Numbers vii. 89. 

And when Moses was gone into the tabernacle of the 
congregation, to speak with him, then he heard the voice 
of one speaking unto him from off the mercy seat, that was 
upon the ark of the testimony, from between the two che- 
rubims : and he spake unto him. 

Exodus xxv. 40. 

And look that thou make them after their pattern which 
was shewed thee in the mount. 

CHARGE 

TO A SELECT MASTER. 


Companion : 

Having attained to this degree, you have passed the circle 
of perfection in ancient Masonry. In the capacity of Select 
Master, you must be sensible that your obligations are 
increased in proportion to your privileges. Let it be your 


228 


SELECT MASTER. 


constant care to prove yourself worthy of the confidence 
reposed in you> and of the high honour conferred, in 
admitting you to this select degree. Let uprightness 
and integrity attend your steps; let Justice and Mercy 
mark your conduct; let fervency and zeal stimulate you 
in the discharge of the various duties incumbent upon you; 
but suffer not an idle or impertinent curiosity to lead you 
astray, or betray you into danger. Be deaf to every insinua¬ 
tion which would have a tendency to weaken your resolu¬ 
tion, or tempt you to an act of disobedience. Be volun¬ 
tarily dumb and blind , when the exercise of those faculties 
would endanger the peace of your mind, or the probity of 
your conduct; and let silence and secresy , those cardinal 
virtues of a Select Master, on all necessary occasions, be 
scrupulously observed. By a steady adherence to the 
important instructions contained in this degree, you will 
merit the approbation of the select number with whom you 
are associated, and will enjoy the high satisfaction of having 
acted well your part in the important enterprise in which 
you are engaged ; and after iiaving wrought your regular 
hours, may be admitted to participate in all the privileges 
of a Select Master. 


PRAYER AT OPENING A COUNCIL. 

May the Supreme Grand Master graciously preside 
over all our councils, and direct us in all such things as 
he will be pleased to approve and bless. May our pro¬ 
fession as Masons be the rule of our conduct as men. 
May our secret retreat ever continue to be the resort of 
the just and merciful ; the seat of the moral virtues, and 
the home of the select. So mote it be. 























- 






















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































I 















/ 





















IN STAT. L AT IO X C EREMO MES. 


229 


CHARGE 

AT CLOSING. 

Companions, 

Being about to quit this sacred retreat, to mix again 
with the world, let us not forget, amid the cares and 
vicissitudes of active life, the bright example of sincere 
friendship, so beautifully illustrated in the lives of the 
founders of this degree. Let us take the lesson home 
with us ; and may it strengthen the bands of fraternal 
love between us ; incite our hearts to duty, and our desires 
to wisdom. Let us exercise Charity, cherish Hope, walk 
in Faith. And may that moral principle, which is the 
mystic cement of our fellowship, remain with and bless 
us. So mote it be. 


INSTALLATION CEREMONIES. 

FOR COUNCILS OF ROYAL AND SELECT MASTERS. 

1. The Most Puissant Grand Master of the Grand 
Council, or his representative ; or a Past Master of a 
subordinate Council, will preside ; and direct the Recorder 
to read so much of the record as pertains to the election 
of the officers. After which he will say : 

2. “Companions of-Council,—Do you remain 

satisfied with the choice you have made in the selection 
of your officers for the ensuing year V* 

3. The answer being in the affirmative, the officers elect 
are arranged in due form; when the following declaration 
is proposed : 

“ I, A- B-, do solemnly promise, that I will 

faithfully, and to the best of my ability, discharge the 

20 





230 


INSTALLATION CEREMONIES. 


duties of the office to which I have been elected; and that 
I will strictly conform to the requirements of the by-laws 
of this Council, and the regulations of the Grand Council, 
under which the same is holden, so far as they may come 
to my knowledge.” 

4. The Grand Marshal then presents the Thrice Illus¬ 
trious G. Master elect for installation, “ as a companion 
well skilled in the Royal Mysteries ; zealous in diffusing 
the select principles of our fathers, and in whose integrity 
and fidelity his brethren repose the highest confidence.” 

5. The installing officer then addresses him as follows : 

Thrice Illustrious — I feel great satisfaction in re¬ 
ceiving you as the Thrice Illustrious Master of this 
Council. It is a station highly honourable to him who 
diligently and faithfully performs the duties it devolves 
upon him. But previously to investing you with the ap¬ 
propriate jewel of your office, I must require your un¬ 
equivocal assent to the following interrogatories ; 

I. Do you solemnly promise that you will use your 
utmost endeavours to correct the vices and purify the 
morals of your brethren ; and to promote the peace, hap¬ 
piness and prosperity of your Council ? 

II. That you will not suffer your Select Council to be 
opened, when there are less than nine, or more than 
twenty-seven Select Masters present 1 

III. That you will not suffer any person to pass the 
circle of perfection in your Council, in whose integrity, 
fervency and zeal you have not entire confidence ? 

IY. That you will not acknowledge or hold intercourse 
with any Council that does not work under some regular 
and constitutional authority ? 

Y. That you will not admit any visitor into your Coun¬ 
cil who has not been regularly and lawfully invested with 
the degrees conferred therein, without his having pre¬ 
viously been formally healed ? 


INSTALLATION CVREM0NTES. 


231 

VI. That you will faithfully observe and support such 
by-laws as may be made by your Council, in conformity 
with the Constitution and General Regulations of the 
Grand Council, under whose authority it works ? 

VII. That you will pay due respect and obedience to 
the Grand Officers, when duly installed, and sustain them 
in the discharge of their lawful duties ? 

VIII. Do you submit to all these requirements, and 
promise to observe and practise them faithfully? 

[Response .] I Do. 

And now, Thrice Illustrious, with entire confidence in 
the rectitude of your intentions, and in the integrity of 
your character as a Select Mason, I invest you with this 
jewel, the appropriate badge of your office. 

Having been honoured with the free suffrages of your 
Companions, and elevated to the highest office within their 
gift, it becomes your duty to set them an example of 
diligence, industry and fidelity : to see that the officers 
associated with you faithfully perform their respective 
duties ; and that the interests and reputation of your 
Council are not endangered by imprudence or neglect. 

The important trust committed to your charge will call 
forth your best exertions, and the exercise of your best 
faculties. As the representative of the wise King of 
Israel, it will be your duty to recite the secret traditions, 
to illustrate the moral principles of the Order, to cherish 
the worthy, and hold in due veneration the ancient land¬ 
marks. 

w By frequent recurrence to the by-laws of your Council, 
and the general regulations of the fraternity, and a con¬ 
sistent observance of the great principles inculcated in 
the lectures and charges, you will be enabled to fulfil the 
important obligations resting upon you, with honour to 
yourself, and with credit to the Craft. And may He, 
without whose approving smiles our labours are all in 


232 


INSTALLATION CEREMONIES. 


vain, give strength to your endeavours and support to 
your exertions. 


CHARGE 

TO THE RIGHT ILLUSTRIOUS GRAND MASTER. 

Companion, 

Having been elected to the second office in this Council, 
it is with pleasure that I invest you with this jewel, the 
badge of your office. The duties of the important office 
to which your Companions have elevated you, will require 
your constant and earnest attention. You are to occupy 
the second seat in the Council; and it will be your duty 
to aid and support your chief in all the requirements of 
his office. In his absence, you will be called upon to pre¬ 
side in Council and to discharge his duties. Although 
the representative of a King, and elevated in rank above 
your Companions, may you never forget that, in all the 
duties you owe to God, your neighbour, and yourself, you 
and they stand upon the same level of equality. Let the 
bright example of your illustrious predecessor in the 
Graud Council at Jerusalem, stimulate you to the faithful 
performance of every duty ; and when the King of Kings 
shall summon you to his immediate presence, from His 
baud may you receive a crown of glory, which shall never 
fade away. 


CHARGE 

TO THE ILLUSTRIOUS GRAND MASTER. 

Companion, 

As the third officer in the Council, I invest you with 
this badge. It is your duty to sound the Silver Trumpet 
at early dawn and eve of day, when the sun’s first and 
last beams gild the mountain-tops ; to announce high noon, 
and proclaim the time of rest and labour. In the absence 


INSTALLATION CEREMONIES. 


233 


of either of your superior officers, you will be required to 
perform his duties ; and, as the interests of your Council 
ought never to be permitted to suffer through the want of 
intelligence in its officers, you will allow me to urge upon 
you the necessity of being always qualified and prepared 
to meet such an emergency, should it ever arise. Having 
been admitted to the fellowship of Kings , you will be fre¬ 
quently reminded that the office of mediator is both 
honourable and praiseworthy. Let it, therefore, be your 
constant care to preserve harmony and unanimity of sen¬ 
timent among the members of your Council. Dis¬ 
countenance whatever may tend to create division and 
dissension among the brethren in any of the departments 
of Masonry ; and as the glorious sun at its meridian dis¬ 
pels the mists and clouds that obscure the horizon, so may 
your exertions tend to dissipate the mists of jealousy and 
discord, should they ever unfortunately arise in your 
Council. 


CHARGE 

TO THE GRAND TREASURER. 

Companion, 

You have been elected to a responsible office, and I 
with pleasure invest you with this jewel. It is your duty 
to number and weigh out the Shekels of the Sanctuary, 
and to provide for the helpless orphan. The qualities 
which should distinguish you are accuracy and fidelity; 
accuracy in keeping a fair and true account of the receipts 
and disbursements; fidelity in carefully preserving the 
property and funds of the Council, and in rendering a 
just account of the same when required. Your interest 
in this Council, your attachment to the craft, and your 
known integrity of character, are a sure guaranty that 
your duties will be faithfully performed. „ 

20 * 


234 


INSTALLATION CEREMONIES. 


CHARGE 

TO THE GRAND RECORDER. 

Companion, 

I now invest you with this badge of your office. The 
qualities which should recommend a Recorder are correct¬ 
ness in recording the proceedings of the Council; judg¬ 
ment in discriminating between what is proper and that 
which is improper to he written ; regularity in making the 
returns to the Grand Council; integrity in accounting for 
all moneys that may pass through his hands, and fidelity 
in paying the same over to the Grand Treasurer. The 
possession of these qualities has designated you as a suit¬ 
able Companion for this important office ; and I entertain 
no doubt that you will discharge all the duties incumbent 
on you with fidelity and honour. And when you shall 
have completed the record of your transactions here 
below, and finished the term of your probation, may you 
be admitted to the Grand Council above, and find your 
name recorded in the book of life eternal. 


CHARGE 

TO THE GRAND CAPTAIN OF THE GUARDS. 

Companion, 

Having been elected Captain of the Guards, I present 
you with this implement of your office. Guard well your 
post, and suffer none to pass it but the select, the faithful 
and the worthy. Be ever attenive to the commands of 
your chief, and always near at hand to see them duly 
executed. 


INSTALLATION CEREMONIES. 


235 


CHARGE 

TO THE GRAND CONDUCTOR. 

Companion, 

The office to which you have been elected is of much 
importance in the proceedings of the Council. I therefore 
invest you with this jewel. In the discharge of the duties 
you have voluntarily assumed, and with which you are 
familiar, be fervent and zealous. Let uprightness and in¬ 
tegrity attend your steps ; let justice and mercy mark 
your conduct, and predominate in your heart through life. 

CHARGE 

TO THE GRAND MARSHAL. 

Companion, 

The duties of your office require but little elucidation. 
It is your duty, in connection with the Conductor, to 
attend to the examination of visitors, and to take special 
care that none are permitted to enter but such as have 
proved their title to our favour and friendship. I present 
you with the implement of your office, in the confident 
belief that it is intrusted to competent and faithful hands. 

CHARGE 

TO THE GRAND STEWARD. 

Companion, 

You are appointed Steward (or Sentinel) of this Coun¬ 
cil ; and I now invest you with this badge, and present 
you with this implement of your office. As the Sword is 
placed in the hands of the Steward to enable him to guard 
the Sanctuary and entrance to the secret passage , with 
sleepless vigilance, against intruders , so should it morally 
serve as a constant admonition to us to set a guard at the 


236 


INSTALLATION CEREMONIES 


entrance of our thoughts ; to place a watch at the door of 
our lips ; to post a sentinel at the avenue of our actions ; 
thereby excluding every unworthy thought, word and 
deed j and enabling us to preserve our consciences void 
of offence towards God and man. 

CHARGE 

TO THE OFFICERS AND MEMBERS. 

Companions, 

From the nature of the constitution of every society, 
some must rule and others obey. And while justice and 
moderation are required of the officers, in the discharge 
of their official duties, subordination and respect for their 
rulers are equally demanded of the members. The rela¬ 
tion is reciprocal. The interests of both are inseparable ; 
and, without mutual co-operation the labours of neither 
can succeed. Let the avenues to your passions he strictly 
guarded ; let no curious intruder find his way into the 
secret recesses of your retirement, to disturb the harmony 
which should ever prevail among the select and chosen. 
In so doing, you will best secure the prosperity of your 
Council, the respect of your brethren, and the commenda¬ 
tion of your own consciences. 

The Grand Marshal will then proclaim the Council to 
he regularly constituted, and its officers duly installed. 


May the Supreme Grand Master graciously preside over 
all our councils-, and direct us in all such things as he 
will be pleased to approve and bless. May our profession 
as Masons be the rule of our conduct as men. May our 
secret retreat ever continue to be the resort of the just 
and merciful; the seat of the moral virtues, and the home 
of the select. So mote it be. 


HIGH PRIESTHOOD, 


This order appertains to the office of High Priest of a 
Royal Arch Chapter: and no one can be legally entitled to 
receive it, until he has been duly elected to preside as High 
Priest in a regular Chapter of Royal Arch Masons. This 
order should not be conferred when a less number than 
three duly qualified High Priests are present. Whenever 
the ceremony is performed in due and ample form, the 
assistance of at least nine High Priests who have received 
it, are requisite. 

Though the High Priest of every regular Royal Arch 
Chapter, having himself been duly qualified, can confer the 
order under the preceding limitation as to number; yet it is 
desirable, when circumstances will permit, that it should be 
conferred by the Grand High Priest of the Grand Royal 
Arch Chapter, or such Present or Past High Priest as he 
may designate for that purpose. A convention notified to 
meet at the time of any communication of the Grand Chap¬ 
ter, will afford the best opportunity of conferring this im¬ 
portant and exalted degree of Masonry, with appropriate 
solemnity. Whenever it is conferred, the following direc¬ 
tions are to be observed : 

A candidate desirous of receiving the order of High 
Priesthood, makes a written request to his predecessor in 
office, or, when it can be done, to the Grand High Priest, 
respectfully requesting that a convention of High Priests 
may be called, for the purpose of conferring on him the 
order. When the convention meets, and is duly organized, 
a certificate of the due election of the candidate to the office 

237 


238 


HIGH PRIESTHOOD. 


of High Priest must be produced. This certificate is signed 
by his predecessor in office, attested by the Secretary of 
the Chapter. On examination of this certificate, the quali¬ 
fications of the candidate are ascertained. The solemn 
ceremonies of conferring the order upon him, then ensue. 
When ended, the presiding officer directs the Secretary of 
the convention to make a record of the proceedings, and 
return it to the Secretary of the Grand Chapter, to be by 
him laid before the Grand High Priest, for the information 
of all whom it may concern. The convention of High 
Priests is then dissolved in due form. 

It is the duty of every Companion, as soon after his elec¬ 
tion to the office of High Priest, as is consistent with his 
personal convenience, to apply for admission to the order 
of High Priesthood, that he may be fully qualified properly 
to govern his Chapter. 

The following passages of scripture are made use of, 
during the ceremonies appertaining to this order: 

Gen. xiv. 12—24. 

And they took Lot, Abram’s brother's son, (who dwelt in 
Sodom) and his goods, and departed. And there came one 
♦hat had escaped, and told Abram the Hebrew ; for he dwelt 
in the plain of Mamre the Amorite, brother of Eschol, and 
brother of Aner; and these were confederate with Abram. 
And when Abram heard that his brother was taken captive, 
he armed his trained servants, born in his own house, three 
hundred and eighteen, and pursued them unto Dan. And 
he divided himself against them, he and his servants, by 
night, and smote them, and pursued them unto Hobah, 
which is on the left hand of Damascus. And he brought 
back all the goods, and also brought again his brother Lot, 
and his goods, and the women also, and the people. And 
the king of Sodom went out to meet him, (after his return 
from the slaughter of Chedorlaomer, and of the kings that 


HIGH PRIESTHOOD. 


239 


were with him,) at the valley of Sheveh, which is the king’s 
dale. And Melchisedeck, king of Salem, brought fortli 
bread and wine : and he was the priest of the Most High 
God. And he blessed him, and said, Blessed be Abram of 
the Most High God, which hath delivered thine enemies 
into thy hand. And he gave him tithes of all. And the 
king of Sodom said to Abram, Give me the persons, and 
take the goods to thyself. And Abram said to the king of 
Sodom, l have lifted up mine hand to the Lord, the Most 
High God, the possessor of heaven and earth, that I will 
not take from a thread even to a shoe-latchet; and that I 
will not take any thing that is thine, lest thou shouldestsay, 
I have made Abram rich: save only that which the young 
men have eaten, and the portion of the men which went 
with me, Aner, Eschol, and Mamre; let them take their 
portion. 


Numbers vi. 22 — 26 . 

And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying, Speak unto 
Aaron, and unto his sons, saying, On this wise ye shall 
bless the children of Israel, saying unto them, The Lord 
bless thee and keep thee; the Lord make his face to shine 
upon thee, and be gracious unto thee; the Lord lift up his 
countenance upon thee, and give thee peace. 

Heb. vii. 1—6. 

For this Melchisedeck, king of Salem, priest of the Most 
High God, (who met Abraham returning from the slaughter 
of the kings, and blessed turn ; to whom also Abraham gave 
a tenth part of all; first being, by interpretation, King of 
Righteousness, and after that also, King of Salem, which 
is, King of Peace; without father, without mother, without 
descent; having neither beginning of days, nor end of life;) 
abideth a priest continually. Now consider how great this 


240 


HIGH PRIESTHOOD. 


man was, unto whom even the patriarch Abraham gave the 
tenth of the spoils. And verily, they that are of the sons 
of Levi, who receive the office of the priesthood, have a 
commandment to take tithes of the people, according to the 
law, that is, of their brethren, though they come out of the 
loins of Abraham. 

“ For he testifieth. Thou art a priest for ever, after the 
order of Melchisedeck. 

“ And inasmuch as not without an oath, he was made 
priest. 

“ For those priests (under the Levitical law) were made 
without an oath ; but this with an oath, by him that said 
unto him, the Lord sware, and will not repent, Thou art a 
priest for ever, after the order of Melchisedeck.” 


CEREMONIES AND CHARGES 

UPON THE INSTALLATION OF THE OFFICERS OF A 
ROYAL ARCH CHAPTER. 

The Grand officers will meet at a convenient place, and 
open. 

The subordinate Chapter will meet in the outer courts of 
their hall, and form an avenue for the reception of the 
Grand officers. 

When formed, they will dispatch a committee to the 
place where the. Grand officers are assembled, to inform the 
Grand Marshal that the Chapter is prepared to receive them ; 
the Grand Marshal will announce the committee, and intro¬ 
duce them to the Grand officers. 

The Grand officers will move in procession, conducted 
by the committee, to the hall of the Chapter, in the follow¬ 
ing order: 


HIGH PRIESTHOOD. 


241 


Grand Tyler, 

Two Grand Stewards, 

Representatives of subordinate Chapters, according to 
seniority, by threes triangular, 

Three Great Lights, 

Orator, Grand Chaplain, and other Clergy, 

Grand Secretary, Grand Treasurer, and Grand Royal 
Arch Captain, 

Grand P. Sojourner, Grand Captain of the Host, and 
Deputy Grand High Priest, 

Grand Scribe, Grand King, and Grand High Priest, 
(Grand Marshal on the left of the procession,) 

N. B.—The G. P. Sojourner, G. C. Host, and G. R. A 
Captain, are appointed pro tempore. 

When the Grand High Priest enters, the Grand Honours 
are given. 

The Grand Secretary will then c’all over the names of the 
officers elect; and the Grand High Priest will ask, whether 
they accept their respective offices. If they answer in the 
affirmative, he then asks the members whether they remain 
satisfied with their choice. If they answer in the affirma¬ 
tive, the Grand Marshal will then form the whole in proces¬ 
sion, and they will march through the veils into the inner 
apartment, where they will surround the altar, which is pre¬ 
viously prepared in ample form for the occasion. 

The following prayer will be recited. 

PRAYER. 

Almighty and Supreme High Priest of heaven and earth ! 
Who is there in heaven but thee ? and who upon the earth 
can stand in competition with thee ? Thy omniscient mind 
brings all things in review, past, present, and to come ; tliine 

21 


242 


HIGH PRIESTHOOD. 


omnipotent nrm directs the movements of the vast creation ; 
thine omnipresent eye pervades the secret recesses of every 
heart; thy boundless beneficence supplies us with every 
comfort and enjoyment; and thine unspeakable perfections 
and glory surpass the understanding of the children of men! 
Our Father, who art in heaven, we invoke thy benediction 
upon the purposes of our present assembly. Let this Chap¬ 
ter be established to thine honour; let its officers be endowed 
with wisdom to discern, and fidelity to pursue, its true inte¬ 
rests ; let its members be ever mindful of the duty they owe 
to their God, the obedience they owe to their superiors, the 
love they owe to their equals, and the good will they owe 
to all mankind. Let this Chapter be consecrated to thy 
glory, and its members ever exemplify their love to God 
by their beneficence to man. 

“ Glory be to God on high.” 

llexponse. “ Amen ! So mote it be.” 

* 

They are then qualified in due form. 

All the Companions, except High Priests and Past High 
Priests, are then desired to withdraw, while the new High 
Priest is solemnly bound to the performance of his duties : 
and after the performance of other necessary ceremonies, 
not proper to be written, they are permitted to return. 

The whole then repair to their appropriate stations, when 
the Grand Marshal will form a general procession in the 
following order: 


Three Royal Arch Stewards, with rods, 
Tyler of a Blue Lodge, 

Entered Apprentices, 

Fellow Crafts, 

Master Masons, 


HIGH PRIESTHOOD. 2J3 

Stewards of Lodges having Jewels, 

Deacons having Jewels, 

Secretaries having Jewels, 

Treasurers having Jewels, 

Wardens having Jewels, 

Mark Master Masons, 

M. E. Masters, 

Royal Arch Masons by three, 

Royal Masters by three, 

Select Masters by three, 

(Orders of Knighthood,) 

Tyler of the new Chapter, 

Members of the new Chapter, by three, 

Three Masters of Veils, 

Secretary, Treasurer, R. A. Captain, and P. Sojourner 
carrying the Ark, 

A Companion carrying the Pot of Incense, 

Two Companions carrying Lights, 

Scribe, High Priest, and King, 

Grand Chapter, as before prescribed. 

On arriving at the church or house where the services are 
to be performed, they halt, open to the right and left, and 
face inward, while the Grand officers and others in succes¬ 
sion, pass through and enter the house. 

The officers and members of the new Chapter, and also 
of the Grand Chapter, being seated, the Grand Marshal 
proclaims silence, and the ceremonies commence. 

An Anthem or Ode is to be performed. 

An Oration or Address is to be delivered. 

An Ode or Piece of Music. 

* [The Deputy Grand High Priest then rises and informs 

* Note. Those paragi aphs which are enclosed within brackets 
apply exclusively to cases where new Chapters are constituted, and their 
officers installed for the first time; the rest apply equally to such cases 
as well as to annual installations. 



HIGH PRIESTHOOD. 


244 


the Grand High Priest, “that a number of Companions, 
duly instructed in the sublime mysteries, being desirous of 
promoting the honour, and propagating the principles of 
the art, have applied to the Grand Chapter for a warrant to 
constitute a new Chapter of Royal Arch Masons, which 
having been obtained, they are now assembled for the pur¬ 
pose of being constituted, and having their officers installed 
in due and ancient form.] 

[The Grand Marshal will then form the officers and mem¬ 
bers of the new Chapter in front of the Grand officers ; 
after which, the Grand High Priest directs the Grand Se¬ 
cretary to read the warrant.] 

[The Grand High Priest then rises and says, “ By virtue 
of the high powers in me vested, I do form you, my re¬ 
spected Companions, into a regular Chapter of Royal Arch 
Masons; from henceforth you are authorized and empow¬ 
ered to open and hold a Lodge of Mark Masters, (Past 
Masters) and Most Excellent Masters, and a Chapter of 
Royal Arch Masons; and to do and perform all such 
things as thereunto may appertain; conforming, in all your 
doings, to the General Grand Royal Arch Constitution, and 
the general regulations of the State Grand Chapter. And 
may the God of your fathers be with you, guide and direct 
you in all your doings.] 

The furniture, clothing, jewels, implements, utensils, &c. 
belonging to the Chapter, (having been previously placed in 
the centre, in front of the Grand Officers, covered,) are now 
uncovered, and the new Chapter is dedicated in due and 
ancient form. 

The Dedication then follows : the Grand Chaplain saying, 

“ To our most Excellent Patron Zerubbabel, wesolemnly 
dedicate this Chapter. May the blessing of our Heavenly 
High Priest descend and rest upon its members, and may 
their felicity be immortal. 

“ Glory be to God on high.” 


HIGH PRIESTHOOD. 


245 


[.Response by the Companions,'] 

“ As it was in the beginning, is now, and ever shall be, 
world without end ! Amen. So mote it be.” 

The Grand Marshal then says, “ I am directed to pro¬ 
claim, and I do hereby proclaim this Chapter by the name 
of-Chapter, duly consecrated, constituted and dedi¬ 

cated. This,” &c. &c. 

An Ode. 

The Deputy Grand High Priest will then present the 
first officer of the new Chapter to the Grand High Priest, 
saying,] 

Most Excellent Grand High Priest, 

I present you my worthy Companion-, 

nominated in the warrant, to be installed High Priest of this 
[new] Chapter. I find him to be skilful in the royal art, 
and attentive to the moral precepts of our forefathers, and 
have therefore no doubt but he will discharge the duties of 
his office with fidelity. 

The Grand High Priest then addresses him as follows: 

Most Excellent, 

I feel much satisfaction in performing my duty on the 
present occasion, by installing you into the office of High 
Priest of this [new] Chapter. It is an office highly ho¬ 
nourable to all those who diligently perform the important 
duties annexed to it. Your reputed Masonic knowledge, 
however, precludes the necessity of a particular enumera¬ 
tion of those duties. I shall therefore only observe, that 
by a frequent recurrence to the constitution, and general 
regulations, and constant practice of the several sublime lec¬ 
tures and charges, you will be best able to fulfil them; and 
I am confident that the companions who are chosen to pre¬ 
side with you, will give strength to your endeavours, and 
21 * 





246 


HIGH PRIESTHOOD. 


support to your exertions. I shall now propose certain 
questions to you, relative to the duties of your office, and 
to which I must request your unequivocal answer. 

Do you solemnly promise that you will redouble your 
endeavours, to correct the vices, purify the morals, and pro¬ 
mote the happiness of those of your Companions who have 
attained this sublime degree? 

2. That you will never suffer your Chapter to be opened 
unless there be present three regular Royal Arch Masons ? 

3. That you will never suffer either more or less than 
three Brethren to be exalted in your Chapter at one and the 
same time ? 

4. That you will not exalt any one to this degree, who 
has not shown a charitable and humane disposition: or 
who has riot made a considerable proficiency in the fore¬ 
going degrees ? 

5. That you will promote the general good of our order, 
and, on all proper occasions, be ready to give and receive 
instructions, and particularly from the (General and) State 
Grand Officers ? 

6. That to the utmost of your power, you will preserve 
the solemnities of our ceremonies, and behave, in open 
Chapter, with the most profound respect and reverence, as 
an example to your Companions? 

7. That you will not acknowledge or have intercourse 
with any Chapter that does not work under a constitutional 
warrant or dispensation ? 

8. That you will not admit any visiter into your Chapter, 
who has not been exalted in a Chapter legally constituted, 
without his being first formally healed? 

9. That you will observe and support such bye-laws as 
may be made by your Chapter, in conformity to the (General 
Grand Royal Arch Constitution and the) general regulations 
of the Grand Chapter ? 

10. That you will pay due respect and obedience to the 


HIGH PRIESTHOOD. 


247 


instructions of the (General and) State Grand Officers, par¬ 
ticularly relating to the several Lectures and Charges, and 
will resign the chair to them, severally, when they may 
visit your Chapter ? 

11. That you will support and observe(theGeneral Grand 
Royal Arch Constitution, and) the General Regulations of 
the Grand Royal Arch Chapter, under whose authority you 
act ? 

Do you submit to all these things, and do you promise 
to observe and practice them faithfully ? 

These questions being answered in the affirmative, the 
Companions all kneel in due form, and the Grand High 
Priest or Grand Chaplain, repeats the following, or some 
other suitable prayer: 

“ Most holy and glorious Lord God, the Great High 
Priest of Heaven and Earth, 

“We approach thee with reverence, and implore thy 
blessing on the Companion appointed to preside over this 
new assembly, and now prostrate before thee;—fill his 
heart with thy fear, that his tongue and actions may pro¬ 
nounce thy glory. Make him steadfast in thy service; 
grant him firmness of mind; animate his heart, and 
strengthen his endeavours; may he teach thy judgments 
and thy laws ; and may the incense he shall put before 
thee, upon thine altar, prove an acceptable sacrifice unto 
thee. Bless him, O Lord, and bless the work of his hands. 
Accept us in mercy : hear thou from Heaven thy dwelling- 
place, and forgive our transgressions. 

“ Glory be to God the Father; as it was in the beginning, 
&c.” 

[Response.] “ So mote it be.” 

The Grand High Priest will then cause the High Priest 
elect to be invested with his clothing, badges, &c.; after 
which he will address him as follows, viz : 


248 


HIGH PRIESTHOOD. 


Most Excellent, 

In consequence of your cheerful acquiescence with the 
charges, which you have heard recited, you are qualified 
for installation as the High Priest of this Royal Arch 
Chapter; and it is incumbent upon me, upon this occasion, 
to point out some of the particulars appertaining to your 
office, duty, and dignity. 

All legally constituted bodies of Royal Arch Masons, are 
called Chapters; as regular bodies of Masons of the pre¬ 
ceding degrees, are called Lodges. Every Chapter ought 
to assemble for work, at least once in three months; and 
must consist of a High Priest, King, Scribe, Captain of 
the Host, Principal Sojourner, Royal Arch Captain, three 
Grand Masters of the Veils, Treasurer, Secretary, and as 
many members as may be found convenient for working to 
advantage. 

The officers of the Chapter officiate in the lodges, holden 
for conferring the preparatory degrees, according to rank, 
as follows, viz: 

The High Priest, as Master. 

The King, as Senior Warden. 

The Scribe, as Junior Warden. 

The Captain of the Host, as Marshal or Master of Cere¬ 
monies. 

The Principal Sojourner, as Senior Deacon. 

The Royal Arch Captain, as Junior Deacon. 

The Master of the first Veil, as Junior Overseer. 

The Master of the second Veil, as Senior Overseer. 

The Master of the third Veil, as Master Overseer. 

The Treasurer, Secretary, Chaplain, Stewards and Ty¬ 
ler, as officers of corresponding rank. 

The High Priest of every Chapter has it in special 
charge, to see that the bye-laws of his Chapter, as well as 
the General Grand Royal Arch Constitution, and all the 
regulations of the Grand Chapter, are duly observed;— 


HIGH PRIESTHOOD. 


249 

that all the officers of his Chapter perform the duties of 
their respective offices faithfully, and are examples of dili¬ 
gence and industry to their companions ;—that true and 
accurate records of all the proceedings of the Chapter are 
kept by the Secretary;—that the Treasurer keeps and 
renders exact and just accounts of all the monies and other 
property belonging to the Chapter;—that the regular 
returns be made annually to the Grand Chapter;—and that 
the annual dues to the Grand Chapter be regularly and 
punctually paid. He has the right and authority of calling 
his Chapter together at pleasure, upon any emergency or 
occurrence, which in his judgment may require their meet¬ 
ing. It is his privilege and duty, together with the King 
and Scribe, to attend the meetings of the Grand Chapter, 
either in person or bjf proxy; and the well-being of the 
institution requires that his duty should on no occasion be 
omitted. 

The office of High Priest is a station highly honourab'e 
to all those, who diligently perform the important duties 
annexed to it. By a frequent recurrence to the constitution 
and general regulations, and a constant practice of the 
several sublime lectures and charges, you will be best ena¬ 
bled to fulfil those duties ; and I am confident that the Com¬ 
panions, who are chosen to preside with you will give 
strength to your endeavours, and support to your exertions. 

Let the Mitre , with which you are invested, remind you 
of the dignity of the office you sustain, and its inscription 
impress upon your mind a sense of your dependence upon 
God;—that perfection is not given unto man upon the 
earth, and that perfect holiness belongeth alone unto the 
Lord. 

The Breast Plate , with which you are decorated, in 
imitation of that upon which were engraven the names of 
the twelve tribes, and worn by the high priest of Israel, is 
to teach you that you are always to bear in mind your 


‘250 


HIGH PRIESTHOOD, 


responsibility to the laws and ordinances of the institution, 
and that the honour and interests of your Chapter and its 
members should be always near your heart. 

The various colours of the Robes you wear, are emblem¬ 
atical of every grace and virtue, which can adorn and beau¬ 
tify the human mind; each of which will be briefly illus¬ 
trated in the course of the charges to be delivered to your 
subordinate officers. 

You will now take charge of your officers, standing upon 
their right, and present them severally in succession to the 
Deputy Grand High Priest, by whom they will be presented 
to me for installation. 

The High Priest of the Chapter will then present his 
second officer to the Deputy Grand High Priest, who will 
present him to the Grand High Priest, in the words of the 
Constitution. The Grand High Priest will then ask him 
whether lie has attended to the ancient charges and regula¬ 
tions before recited to his superior officer : if he answers 
in the affirmative, he is asked whether he fully and freely 
assents to the same; if he answers in the affirmative, the 
Grand High Priest directs his Deputy to invest him with 
his clothing, &c., and then addresses him as follows, viz: 

CHARGE 

TO THE SECOND OFFICER, OR KING. 

4 

Excellent Companion, 

The important station to which you are elected in this 
Chapter, requires from you exemplary conduct; its duties 
demand vour most assiduous attention; you are to second 
and support your chief in all the requirements of his office; 
and should casualties at any time prevent his attendance, 
you are to succeed him in the performance of his duties. 

Your badge (the Level surmounted by a Crown) should 


HIGH PRIIiSTHOOD* 


251 


remind you, that although you are the representative of a 
King, and exalted by office above your companions, yet 
that you remain upon a level with them, as respects your 
duty to God, to your neighbour, and to yourself; that you 
are equally bound with them, to be obedient to the laws and 
ordinances of the institution, to be charitable, humane and 
just, and to seek every occasion of doing good. 

Your office teaches a striking lesson of humility. The 
institutions of political society teach us to consider the king 
as the chief of created beings, and that the first duty of his 
subjects, is to obey his mandates;—but the institutions of 
our sublime degrees, by placing the King in a situation 
subordinate to the High Priest, teaches us that our duty to 
God is paramount to all other duties, and should ever claim 
the priority of our obedience to man ; and that however 
strongly we may be bound to obey the laws of civil society, 
yet that those laws, to be just, should never intermeddle 
with matters of conscience, nor dictate articles of faith. 

The Scarlet Robe, an emblem of imperial dignity, should 
remind you of the paternal concern you should ever feel 
for the welfare of your Chapter, and the fervency and zeal 
with which you should endeavour to promote its prosperity. 

In presenting to you the Crown, which is an emblem of 
royalty, I would remind you, that to reign sovereign in the 
hearts and affections of men, must be far more grateful to a 
generous and benevolent mind, than to rule over their lives 
and fortunes; and that to enable you to enjoy this pre-emi¬ 
nence with honour and satisfaction, you must subject your 
own passions and prejudices to the dominion of reason and 
charity. 

You are entitled to the second seat in the council of your 
Companions. Let the bright example of your illustrious 
predecessor in the grand council at Jerusalem, stimulate you 
to the faithful discharge of your duties ; and when the King 
of kings shall summon you into his immediate presence, 


252 


HIGH PRIESTHOOD. 


from liis hand may you receive a crown of glory, which 
shall never fade away. 

The King will then retire to the line of officers, and the 
Scribe will be presented in the manner before mentioned. 
After his investiture, the Grand High Priest will address 
him as follows, viz : 


CHARGE 

TO THE THIRD OFFICER, OR SCRIBE. 

Excellent Companion, 

The office of Scribe, to which you are elected, is very 
important and respectable. In the absence of your supe¬ 
rior officers, you are bound to succeed them, and to perform 
their duties. The purposes of the institution ought never 
to suffer for want of intelligence in its proper officers ; you 
will therefore perceive the necessity there is, of your pos¬ 
sessing such qualifications, as will enable you to accomplish 
those duties which are incumbent upon you, in your appro¬ 
priate station, as well as those which may occasionally 
devolve on you, by the absence of your superiors. 

The Purple Robe, with which you are invested, is an 
emblem of union, and is calculated to remind you that the 
harmony and unanimity of the Chapter should be your con¬ 
stant aim ; and to this end you are studiously to avoid all 
occasions of giving offence, or countenancing any thing that 
may create divisions or dissensions. You are, by all means 
in your power, to endeavour to establish a permanent union 
and good understanding among all orders and degrees of 
Masonry ; and, as the glorious sun at its meridian height 
dispels the mist and clouds which obscure the horizon, so 
may your exertions tend to dissipate the gloom of jealousy 
ami discord, whenever they may appear. 

Your badge, (ci Plumb-rule, surmounted by the 'Pur- 


HIGH PRIESTHOOD. 


253 


ban,) is an emblem of rectitude and vigilance; and while 
you stand as a watchman upon the tower, to guard your 
companions against the approach of those enemies of 
human felicity, intemperance and excess , let this faith¬ 
ful monitor ever remind you to walk uprightly in your 
station; admonishing and animating your companions to 
fidelity and industry, while at labour, and to temperance 
and moderation, while at refreshment. And when the Great 
Watchman of Israel, whose eye never slumbers nor sleeps, 
shall relieve you from your post on earth, may he permit 
you in heaven to participate in that food and refreshment, 
which is 

** Such as the saints in glory love, 

And such as angels eat.” 

The Scribe will then retire to the line of officers, and the 
next officer be presented as before. 

CHARGE 

TO TIIE FOURTH OFFICER, OR CAPTAIN OF THE HOST. 

Companion, 

The office with which you are entrusted, is of high 
importance, and demands your most zealotis consideration. 
The preservation of the most essential traits of our ancient 
customs, usages, and landmarks, are within your province; 
and it is indispensably necessary, that the part assigned to 
you, in the immediate practice of our rites and ceremonies, 
should be perfectly understood, and correctly administered. 

Your office corresponds with that of Marshal, or Master 
of Ceremonies. You are to superintend all processions of 
your Chapter, when moving as a distinct body, either in 
public or private ; and as the world can only judge of our 
private discipline by our public deportment, you will be 
careful that the utmost order and decorum be observed on 


254 


HIGH PRIESTHOOD. 


all such occasions. You will ever be attentive to the com¬ 
mands of your chief, and always near at hand to see them 
duly executed. I invest you with the badge of your office, 
and presume that you will give to your duties all that study 
and attention, which their importance demands. 

He will then retire to the line of officers, and the next 
officer will be presented. 

CHARGE 

TO THE FIFTH OFFICER, OR PRINCIPAL SOJOURNER. 

Companion, 

The office confided to you, though subordinate in degree, 
is equal in importance to any in the Chapter, that of your 
chief alone excepted. Your office corresponds with that 
of senior deacon in the preparatory degrees. Among the 
duiies required of you, the preparation and introduction of 
candidates are not the least. As in our intercourse with 
the world, experience teaches that first impressions are 
often the most durable, and the most difficult to eradicate : 
so it is of great importance, in all cases, that those impres¬ 
sions should be correct and just; hence it is essential that 
the officer, who brings the blind by a way that they know 
not, and leads them in paths that they have not known, 
should always be well qualified to make darkness light 
before them, and crooked things straight. 

Your Robe of Office is an emblem of humility; and 
teaches that, in the prosecution of a laudable undertaking, 
we should never decline taking any part that may be as¬ 
signed us, although it may be the most difficult or dangerous. 

The rose-coloured tesselated Border, adorning the robe, 
is an emblem of ardour and perseverance, and signifies, 
that when we have engaged in a virtuous course, notwith¬ 
standing all the impediments, hardships, and trials, we may 


HIGH PRIESTHOOD. 


255 


be destined to encounter, we should endure them all with 
fortitude, and ardently persevere unto the end; resting 
assured of receiving, at the termination of our labours, a 
noble and glorious reward. Your past exertions will be 
considered as a pledge of your future assiduity in the faith¬ 
ful discharge of your duties. 

lie will then retire to the line of officers, and the next 
officer is presented. 

CHARGE 

TO THE SIXTH OFFICER, OR ROYAL ARCH CAPTAIN. 

Companion, 

The well-known duties of your station require but little 
elucidation. Your office in the preparatory degrees, cor¬ 
responds with that of junior deacon. It is your province, 
conjointly with the Captain of the Host, to attend the ex¬ 
amination of all visitors, and to take care that none are per¬ 
mitted to enter the Chapter, but such as have travelled the 
rugged path of trial, and evinced their title to our favour 
and friendship. You will be attentive to obey the com¬ 
mands of the Captain of the Host, during the introduction 
of strangers among the workmen ; and should they be 
permitted to pass your post, they may by him be introduced 
into the presence of the Grand Council. 

The White Banner, entrusted to your care, is emblem¬ 
atical of that purity of heart and rectitude of conduct, 
which ought to actuate all those who pass the white veil of 
the sanctuary. I give it you strongly in charge, never to 
suffer any one to pass your post without the signet of truth. 

I present you the badge of your office, in expectation of 
your performing your duties with intelligence, assiduity and 
propriety. 

He then retires, and the Three Grand Masters of the 
Y r eils are presented together. 


256 


HIGH PRIESTHOOD. 


CHARGE 

TO THE MASTER OF THE THIRD VEIL. 

Companion, 

I present you with the Scarlet Banner, which is the 
ensign of your office, and with a sword to protect and 
defend the same. The rich and beautiful colour of your 
banner is emblematical of fervency and zeal; it is the 
appropriate colour of the Royal Arch degree ; it admonishes 

us that we should be fervent in the exercise of our devo- 

% 

tions to God, and zealous in our endeavours to promote the 
happiness of man. 

CHARGE 

TO THE MASTER OF THE SECOND VEIL. 

Companion, 

I invest you with the Purple Banner , which is the ensign 
of your office, and arm you with a sword to enable you to 
maintain its honour. The colour of your banner is pro¬ 
duced by due mixture of blue and scarlet; the former of 
which is the characteristic colour of the symbolic, or first 
three degrees of Masonry , and the latter that of the Royal 
Arch degree. It is an emblem of union, and is the cha¬ 
racteristic colour of the intermediate degrees. It admonishes 
us to cultivate and improve that spirit of union and har¬ 
mony, between the brethren of the symbolic degrees, and the 
companions of the sublime degrees, which should ever dis* 
tingtiish the members of a society founded upon the princi¬ 
ples of everlasting truth and universal philanthropy. 

CHARGE 

TO THE MASTER OF THE FIRST VEIL. 

Companion, 

I invest vou with the Blue Banner , which is the ensign 


HIGH PRIESTHOOD. 


257 


of your office, and a sword for its defence and protection. 
The colour of your banner is one of the most durable and 
beautiful in nature. It is the appropriate colour adopted 
and worn by our ancient brethren of the three symbolic 
degrees, and is the peculiar characteristic of an institu¬ 
tion which has stood the test of ages, and which is as much 
distinguished by the durability of its materials or principles, 
as by the beauty of its superstructure. It is an emblem of 
universal friendship and benevolence; and instructs us, 
that in the mind of a Mason these virtues should be as 
expansive as the blue arch of heaven itself. 

CHARGE 

TO THE THREE MASTERS OF THE VEILS, AS OVERSEERS. 

Companions, 

Those who are placed as overseers of any work, should 
be well qualified to judge of its beauties and deformities, 
its excellencies and defects ; they should be capable of esti¬ 
mating the former, and amending the latter. This con¬ 
sideration should induce you to cultivate and improve all 
those qualifications with which you are already endowed, as 
well as to persevere in your endeavours to acquire those in 
which you are deficient. Let the various colours of the 
tanners committed to your charge, admonish you to the 
exercise of the several virtues of which they are emblem¬ 
atic: and you are to enjoin the practice of those virtues 
upon all those who shall present themselves, or the work 
of their hands, for your inspection. Let no work receive 
your approbation, but such as is calculated to adorn and 
strengthen the Masonic edifice. Be industrious and faithful 
in practising and disseminating a knowledge of the true 
and perfect work , which alone can stand the test of the 
Grand Overseer's Square, in the great day of trial and 
retribution Then, although every rod should become a 

22 * 


258 


HIGH PRIESTHOOD. 


serpent, ancl every serpent an enemy to this institution, yet 
shall their utmost exertions to destroy its reputation, or sap 
its foundation, become as impotent as the leprous hand , or 
as water spilled upon the ground , which cannot be gathered 
up again. 

They then retire, and the Treasurer is presented. 
CHARGE 

TO THE TREASURER. 


Companion, 

You are elected Treasurer of this Chapter, and I have 
the pleasure of investing you with the badge of your office. 
The qualities which should recommend a Treasurer, are 
accuracy and fidelity: accuracy, in keeping a fair and mi¬ 
nute account of all receipts and disbursements ; fidelity, in 
carefully preserving all the property and funds of the Chap¬ 
ter that may be placed in his hands, and rendering a just 
account of the same, whenever he is called upon for that 
purpose. I presume that your respect for the institution, 
your attachment to the interests of your Chapter, and your 
regard for a good name, which is better than precious oint¬ 
ment, will prompt you to the faithful discharge of the duties 
of your office. 

He then retires, and the Secretary is presented. 
CHARGE 

TO THE SECRETARY. 


Companion, 

I with pleasure invest you with your badge as Secre¬ 
tary of this Chapter. The qualities which should recom¬ 
mend a Secretary, are promptitude in issuing the notifi¬ 
cations and orders of his superior officers; punctuality 


HIGH PRIESTHOOD. 


259 


in attending the convocations of the Chapter; correct - 
ness in recording their proceedings; judgment in dis¬ 
criminating between what is proper and what is impro¬ 
per to be committed to writing; regularity in making 
his annual returns to the Grand Chapter; integrity in ac¬ 
counting for all monies that may pass through his hand, and 
Jidelity in paying the same over into the hands of the Trea¬ 
surer. The possession of these good qualities, I presume, 
has designated you a suitable candidate for this important 
office ; and I cannot entertain a doubt that you will discharge 
its duties beneficially to the Chapter, and honourably to 
yourself. And when you shall have completed the record 
of your transactions here below, and finished the term of 
your probation, may you be admitted into the celestial 
Grand Chapter of saints and angels, and find your name 
recorded in the book of life eternal. 

He then retires, and the Chaplain is presented. 
CHARGE 

TO THE CHAPLAIN. 

“ E. and Rev. Companion, 

“You are appointed Chaplain of this Chapter; and I 
now invest you with this circular jewel, the badge of yout 
office. It is emblematical of Eternity, and reminds us that 
here is not our abiding place. Your inclination will undoubt¬ 
edly conspire with your duty, when you perform in the 
Chapter those solemn services which created beings should 
constantly render to their infinite Creator; and which, when 
offered by one whose holy profession is, ‘ to point to 
Heaven and lead the way,’ may, by refining our morals, 
strengthening our virtues, and purifying our minds, prepare 
us for admission into the society of those above, whose hap¬ 
piness will be as endless as it is perfect.” 

He then retires, and the Stewards are presented. 


‘260 


HIGH PRIESTHOOD. 


CHARGE 

TO THE STEWARDS. 


Companions, 

You being elected Stewards of this Chapter, I with plea¬ 
sure invest you with the badges of your office. It is your 
province to see that every necessary preparation is made for 
the convenience and accommodation of the Chapter, previ¬ 
ous to the time appointed for meeting. You are to see that 
the clothing, implements and furniture of each degree re¬ 
spectively, are properly disposed, and in suitable array for 
use, whenever they may be required, and that they are 
secured, and proper care taken of them, when the business 
of the Chapter is over.—You are to see that necessary 
refreshments are provided, and that all your companions, 
and particularly visitors, are suitably accommodated and 
supplied. You are to be frugal and prudent in your dis¬ 
bursements, and to be careful that no extravagance or waste 
is committed in your department; and when you have faith¬ 
fully fulfilled your stewardship here below, may you receive 
from Heaven the happy greeting of “ Well done, good and 
faithful servants.” 

They then retire, and the Tyler is presented 
CHARGE 

TO THE TYLER. 


Companion, 

You are appointed Tyler of this Chapter, and I invest 
you with the badge, and this implement of your office. 

As the sword is placed in the hands of the Tyler, to enable 
him effectually to guard against the approach of all coivans 
and evesdroppcrs , and suffer none to pass or repass but such 


HIGH PRIESTHOOD. 


261 


as are duly qualified; so it should morally serve as a con¬ 
stant admonition to us to set a guard at the entrance of our 
thoughts; to place a watch at the door of our lips ; to post 
a sentinel at the avenue of our actions ; thereby excluding 
every unqualified and unworthy thought, word and deed ; 
and preserving consciences void of offence towards God and 
towards man. 

As the first application from visitors for admission into 
the Chapter is generally made to the Tyler at the door, 
your station will often present you to the observation of 
strangers : it is therefore essentially necessary that he who 
sustains the office with which you are entrusted, should be 
a man of good morals, steady habits, strict discipline, tem¬ 
perate, affable, and discreet. I trust that a just regard for the 
honour and reputation of the institution will ever induce you 
to perform with fidelity the trust reposed in you: and when 
the door of this earthly tabernacle shall be closed, may you 
find an abundant entrance through the gates into the temple 
and city of our God. 

He will then retire, and then follows an 
ADDRESS 

TO THE HIGH PRIEST. 

M. E. Companion, 

H aving been honoured with the free suffrages of the 
members of this Chapter, you are elected to the most im¬ 
portant office which is within their power to bestow. This 
expression of their esteem and respect should draw from 
you corresponding sensations ; and your demeanour should 
be such as to repay the honour they have so conspicuously 
conferred upon you, by an honourable and faithful discharge 
of the duties of your office. The station you are called to 
fill, is important, not only as it respects the correct practice 


HIGH PRIESTHOOD. 


202 

of our rights and ceremonies, and the internal economy of 
the Chapter over which you preside, but the public repre¬ 
sentation of the institution will be generally found to rise or 
fall according to the skill, fidelity and discretion, with which 
its concerns are managed, and in proportion as the charac¬ 
ters and conduct of its principal officers are estimable or 
censurable. 

You have accepted a trust, to which is attached a weight 
of responsibility that will require all your efforts to dis¬ 
charge honourably to yourself, and satisfactorily to the 
Chapter. You are to see that your officers are capable and 
faithful in the exercise of their offices. Should they lack 
ability, you are expected to supply their defects ; you are 
to watch carefully the progress of their performances, and 
to see that the long established customs of the institution 
suffer no derangement in their hands. You are to have a 
careful eye over the general conduct of the Chapter ; see 
that due order and subordination is observed on all occa¬ 
sions; that the members are properly instructed; that due 
solemnity be observed in the practice of our rites; that no 
improper levity be permitted at any time, but more espe¬ 
cially at the introduction of strangers among the work¬ 
men. 

In fine, you are to be an example to your officers and 
members, which they need not hesitate to follow; thus 
securing to yourself the favour of Heaven, and the ap¬ 
plauses of your brethren and companions. 

ADDRESS 

TO THE OFFICERS GENERALLY. 

Companions in Office, 

Precept and example should ever advance with equal 
pace. Those moral duties which you are required to teach 
unto others, you should never neglect to practice yourselves. 


HIGH PRIESTHOOD. 


263 


Do you desire that the demeanour of your equals and infe¬ 
riors towards you, should be marked with deference and 
respect ? Be sure that you omit no opportunity of furnish¬ 
ing them with examples in your own conduct towards your 
superiors. Do you desire to obtain instruction from those 
who are more wise or better informed than yourselves ? Be 
sure that you are always ready to impart of your knowledge 
to those within your sphere, who stand in need of, and are 
entitled to receive it. Do you desire distinction among your 
companions? Be sure that your claims to preferment are 
founded upon superior attainments ; let no ambitious passion 
be suffered to induce you to envy or supplant a companion, 
who may be considered as better qualified for promotion 
than yourselves ; but rather let a laudable emulation induce 
you to strive to excel each other in improvement and disci¬ 
pline ; ever remembering that he who faithfully performs 
his duty, even in a subordinate or private, station, is as justly 
entitled to esteem and respect, as he who is invested with 
supreme authority. 


ADDRESS 

TO THE CHAPTER AT LARGE. 

Companions, 

The exercise and management of the sublime degrees of 
Masonry in your Chapter hitherto, are so highly appre¬ 
ciated, and the good reputation of the Chapter so well esta¬ 
blished, that I must presume these considerations alone, 
were there no others of greater magnitude, would be suffi¬ 
cient to induce you to preserve and perpetuate this valuable 
and honourable character. But when to these is added 
the pleasure which every philanthropic heart must feel 
in doing good, in promoting good order, in diffusing light 
and knowledge, in cultivating Masonic charity, which 


264 


HIGH PRIESTHOOD. 


is the great object of this sublime institution, I cannot 
doubt that your future conduct, and that of your successors, 
will be calculated still to increase the lustre of your justly 
esteemed reputation. 

May your chapter become beautiful as the temple , peace¬ 
ful as the ark , and sacred as its most holy place. May 
your oblations of piety and praise be grateful as the in¬ 
cense ; your love warm as its flame, and your charity dif¬ 
fusive as its fragrance. May your hearts be pure as the 
altar, and your conduct acceptable as th e offering. May 
the exercises of your charity be as constant as the returning 
wants of the distressed widow and helpless orphan. May 
the approbation of Heaven be your encouragement, and the 
'testimony of a good conscience your support; may you be 
endowed with every good and perfect gift, while travelling 
the rugged path of life, and finally admitted within the 
veil of heaven to the full enjoyment of life eternal. So 
mote it be. Amen. 

The officers and members of the Chapter will then pass 
in review in front of the Grand Officers, with their hands 
crossed on their breasts, bowing as they pass. 

The Grand Marshal will then proclaim the Chapter, by 

the name of-, to be regularly constituted, and its 

officers duly installed. 

The ceremonies conclude with an ode or appropriate 
piece of music. 

The procession is then formed, when they return to the 
place from whence they set out. 

When the grand officers retire, the Chapter will form an 
avenue for them to pass through, and salute them with the 
grand honours. The two bodies then separately close their 
respective Chapters. 



CONSTITUTION 


OF THE 

GENERAL GRAND ROYAL ARCH CHAPTER 

OF THE 

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. 


ARTICLE I. 

OF THE GENERAL GRAND CHAPTER. 

Sect. 1 . There shall be a General Grand Chapter of 
Royal Arch Masons for the United States of America, 
Which shall be holden as is hereinafter directed, and shall 
consist of a General Grand High Priest, Deputy General 
Grand High Priest, General Grand King, General Grand 
Scribe, Secretary, Treasurer, Chaplain, and Marshal; and 
likewise of the several Grand and Deputy Grand High 
Priests, Kings, and Scribes, for the time being, of the 
several State Grand Chapters, under the jurisdiction of 
this General Grand Chapter ; and of the Past General 
Grand High Priests, Deputy General Grand High Priests, 
Kings, and Scribes, of the said General Grand Chapter ; 
and the aforesaid officers, or their proxies, shall be the 
only members and voters in the said General Grand 
Chapter. And no person shall be constituted a proxy, 
23 ( 265 ) 


266 


CONSTITUTION. 


unless he be a present or past officer of this or a State 
Grand Chapter. 

Sect. 2. The General Grand Chapter shall meet sep- 
tennially, on the second Thursday in September, for the 
choice of officers, and other business : dating from the 
second Thursday in September, A. D. 1805, at such place 
as may, from time to time, be appointed. 

Sect. 3. A special meeting of the General Grand 
Chapter shall be called whenever the General Grand 
High Priest, Deputy General Grand High Priest, Gene¬ 
ral Grand King, and General Grand Scribe, or any two 
of them may deem it necessary ; and also whenever it may 
be required by a majority of the Grand Chapters of the 
States aforesaid, provided such requisition be made known 
in writing, by the said Grand Chapters respectively, to the 
General Grand High Priest, Deputy General Grand High 
Priest, King or Scribe. And it shall be the duty of the 
said General Officers, and they are each of them severally 
authorized, empowered and directed, upon receiving offi¬ 
cial notice of such requisition from a majority of the 
Oeneral Grand Chapters aforesaid, to appoint a time and 
] lace of meeting, and notify each of the State Grand 
Chapters thereof accordingly. 

Sect. 4. It shall be incumbent on the General Grand 
High Priest, Deputy General Grand High Priest, Gene¬ 
ral Grand King, and General Grand Scribe, severally to 
improve and perfect themselves in the sublime Arts, and 
work of Mark Masters, Past Masters, Most Excellent 
Masters, and Royal Arch Masons ; to make themselves 
Masters of the several Masonic Lectures and Ancient 
Charges;—to consult with each other, and with the 
Grand and Deputy Grand High Priests, Kings and 
Scribes of the several States aforesaid, for the purpose of 



CONSTITUTION. 


267 


adopting measures suitable and proper for diffusing a 
knowledge of the said Lectures and Charges, and an uni¬ 
form mode of working, in the several Chapters and 
Lodges throughout this jurisdiction ; and the better to 
effect this laudable purpose, the aforesaid General Grand 
Officers are severally hereby authorized, and empowered, 
to visit and preside in any and every Chapter of Royal 
Arch Masons, and Lodge of Most Excellent, Past, or 
Mark Master Masons, throughout the said States, and to 
give such instructions and directions as the good of the 
Fraternity may require ; always adhering to the ancient 
landmarks of the order. 

Sect. 5. In all cases of the absence of any Officer 
from any body of Masons, instituted or holden by virtue 
of this Constitution, the officer next in rank shall succeed 
his superior; unless through courtesy said Officer should 
decline in favour of a past superior Officer present. And 
in case of the absence of all the Officers from any legal 
meeting of either of the bodies aforesaid, the members 
present, according to seniority, and abilities, shall fill the 
several Offices. 

Sect. 6. In every Chapter or Lodge of Masons, insti¬ 
tuted or holden by virtue of this Constitution, all ques¬ 
tions (except upon the admission of members or candidates) 
shall be determined by a majority of votes ; the presiding 
Officer for the time being entitled to vote, if a Member ; 
and in case the votes should at any time be equally di¬ 
vided, the presiding Officer as aforesaid, shall give the 
casting vote. 

Sect. 7. The General Grand Royal Arch Chapter shall 
be competent (on concurrence of two-thirds of its members 
present) at any time hereafter, to revise, amend and alter 
this Constitution. 


268 


CONSTITUTION. 


Sect. 8 . In case any casuality should, at any time 
hereafter, prevent the septennial election of Officers, the 
several General Grand Officers shall sustain their re¬ 
spective offices until successors are duly elected and 
qualified. 

Sect. 9. The General Grand High Priest, Deputy 
General Grand High Priest, General Grand King, and 
General Grand Scribe, shall severally have power and 
authority to institute new Royal Arch Chapters, and 
Lodges of the subordinate degrees, in any State in which 
there is not a Grand Chapter regularly established. But 
no new Chapter shall be instituted in any State wherein 
there is a Chapter or Chapters holden under the authority 
of this Constitution, without a recommendation from the 
Chapter nearest the residence of the petitioners. The 
fees for instituting a new Royal Arch Chapter, with the 
subordinate degrees, shall be ninety dollars ; and for a 
new Mark Master’s Lodge, twenty dollars ; exclusive of 
such compensation to the Grand Secretary, as the Grand 
Officers aforesaid may deem reasonable. 


ARTICLE II. 


OF THE STATE GRAND ROYAL ARCH CHAPTERS. 

Sect. 1. The state grand chapters shall severally 
consist ef a Grand High Priest, Deputy Grand High 
Priest, Grand King, Grand Scribe, Grand Secretary, 
Grand Treasurer, Grand Chaplain, and Grand Marshal, 
and likewise of the High Priests, Kings and Scribes, for 
the time being, of the several Chapters over which they 
shall respectively preside, and of the Past Grand and 


CONSTITUTION. 


269 


Deputy Grand High Priests, Kings and Scribes of the 
said Grand Chapters ; and the said enumerated officers 
(or their proxies) shall be the only members and voters in 
the said Grand Chapters respectively. 

Sect. 2. The State Grand Chapters shall severally be 
holden at least once in every year, at such times and 
places as they shall respectively direct; and the Grand 
or Deputy Grand High Priests respectively, for the time 
being, may at any time call a special meeting, to be 
holden at such place as they shall severally think proper 
to appoint. 

Sect. 3. The Officers of the State Grand Chapters 
shall be chosen annually, by ballot, at such time and 
place as the said Grand Chapters shall respectively 
direct.- 

Sect. 4. The several State Grand Chapters (subject 
to the provisions of this Constitution) shall have the sole 
government and superintendence of the several Royal 
Arch Chapters, and Lodges of most Excellent, Past and 
Mark Master Masons, within their respective jurisdictions; 
to assign their limits and settle controversies that may 
happen between them ;—and shall have power, under their 
respective seals, and the sign manual of their respective 
Grand or Deputy Grand High Priests, Kings and Scribes, 
(or their legal proxies,) attested by their respective Secre¬ 
taries, to constitute new Chapters of Royal Arch Masons, 
and Lodges of Most Excellent, Past, and .Mark Master 
Masons, within their respective jurisdictions. 

Sect. 5. The Grand and Deputy Grand High Priest, 
severally, shall have the power and authority, whenever 
they shall deem it expedient, (during the recess of the 
Grand Chapter of which they are officers,) to grant Let¬ 
ters of Dispensation, under their respective hands, and 
private seals, to a competent number of petitioners, (pos¬ 
sessing the qualifications required by the 9th Section of 
23* 


270 


CONSTITUTION. 


the 2d Article,) empowering them to open a Chapter of 
Royal Arch Masons, and Lodge of Most Excellent Past 
and Mark Master Masons, for a certain specified term of 
time : provided, that the said term of time shall not ex¬ 
tend beyond the next meeting of the Grand Chapter of 
the State in which such Dispensation shall be granted ; 
and provided further, that the same fees as are required 
by this Constitution for Warrants, shall be first deposited 
in the hands of the Grand Treasurer.—And in all cases 
of such Dispensations, the Grand or Deputy Grand High 
Priests respectively, who may grant the same, shall make 
report thereof, at the next stated meeting of the Grand 
Chapter of their respective jurisdictions, when the said 
Grand Chapters, respectively, may either continue or 
recall the said Dispensations, or may grant the petition¬ 
ers a warrant of Constitution : And in case such warrant 
shall be granted, the fees first deposited shall be creditei 
in payment for the same ; but if a warrant should not bt 
granted, nor the dispensation continued, the said fees 
shall be refunded to the petitioners, except only such part 
thereof as shall have been actually expended by means of 
their application. 

Sect. 6. The several State Grand Chapters shall 
possess authority, upon the institution of new Royal Arch 
Chapters, or Lodges of Mark Masters, within their re¬ 
spective jurisdictions, to require the payment of such fees 
as they may deem expedient and proper ; which said fees 
shall be advanced and paid into the Treasury before a 
warrant or charter shall be issued. 

Sect. 7. No warrant shall be granted, for instituting 
Lodges of Most Excellent or Past Masters, independent 
of a Chapter of Royal Arch Masons. 

Sect. 8. The Grand Chapters severally, shall have 
power to require from the several Chapters and Lodges 
under their Respective jurisdictions, such reasonable pro- 


CONSTITUTION. 


271 


portion of sums, received by them for the exaltation or 
advancement of candidates, and such certain annual sums 
from their respective members, as by their ordinances or 
regulations shall hereafter be appointed : all which said 
sums or dues shall be made good, and paid annually, by 
the said Chapters and Lodges respectively, into tho 
Grand Treasury, of the Grand Chapter under which 
they hold their authority, on or before the first day 
of the respective annual meetings of the said Grand 
Chapters. 

Sect. 9. No warrant for the institution of a new 
Chapter of Royal Arch Masons shall be granted, except 
upon the petition of nine regular Royal Arch Masons; 
which petition shall be accompanied by a certificate from 
the Chapter nearest to the place where the new Chapter 
is intended to be opened, vouching for the moral cha¬ 
racters, and masonic abilities of the petitioners, and re¬ 
commending to the Grand Chapter under whose authority 
they act, to grant their prayer. And no warrant for the 
institution of a Lodge of Mark Master Masons shall be 
granted, except upon the petition of (at least) five regular 
Mark Master Masons, accompanied by vouchers from the 
nearest Lodge of that degree similar to those required 
upon the institution of a Chapter. 

Sect. 10. The Grand Secretaries of the State Grand 
Chapters, shall severally make an annual communication 
to each other, and also to the General Grand Secretary, 
containing a list of the Grand Officers, and all such other 
matters as jnay be deemed necessary for the mutual 
information of the said Grand Chapters. And the said 
Grand Secretaries shall also regularly transmit to the 
General Grand Secretary, a copy of all their by-laws and 
regulations. 

Sect. 11. Whenever there shall have been three or 
more Royal Arch Chapters instituted in any State, by 


272 


CONSTITUTION. 


virtue of authority derived from this Constitution, a Grand 
Chapter may be formed in such State, (with the appro¬ 
bation of one or more of the General Grand Officers,) 
by the High Priests, Kings and Scribes of the said 
Chapters, who shall be authorized to elect the Grand 
Officers. Provided always, that no new State Grand 
Chapter shall be formed until after the expiration of one 
year from the establishment of the junior Chapter in such 
State. 

Sect. 12. The several Grand and Deputy Grand 
High Priests, Kings, and Scribes, for the time being, of 
the several State Grand Chapters, are bound to the 
performance of the same duties, and are invested with 
the same powers and prerogatives, throughout their re¬ 
spective jurisdictions, as are prescribed to the General 
Officers, in the 4th Section, 1st Article, of this Consti¬ 
tution. 

Sect. 13. The jurisdiction of the several State Grand 
Chapters, shall not extend beyond the limits of the State 
in which they shall respectively be holden. 

ARTICLE III. 

OF THE SUBORDINATE CHAPTERS AND LODGES. 

Sect. 1. All legally constituted assemblies of Royal 
Arch Masons are called Chapters ; as regular bodies 
of Mark Masters, Past Masters, and Most Excellent 
Masters, are called Lodges. Every Chapter ought to 
assemble for work at least once in every three months ; 
and shall consist of an High Priest, King, Scribe, Cap¬ 
tain of the Host, Principal Sojourner, Royal Arch Cap¬ 
tain, three Grand Masters, Secretary, Treasurer, and as 
many Members as may be found convenient for working 
to advantage. 


CONSTITUTION. 


273 


Sect. 2. Every Chapter of Royal Arch Masons, and 
Lodge of Mark Master Masons, throughout this juris¬ 
diction, shall have a warrant of Constitution from the 
Grand Chapter of the State in which they may respec¬ 
tively be holden, or a Warrant from one of the General 
Grand Officers. And no Chapter or Lodge shall be 
deemed legal without such warrant ; and Masonic com¬ 
munication (either public or private) is hereby interdicted 
and forbidden, between any Chapter or Lodge under this 
jurisdiction, or any member of either of them, and any 
Chapter, Lodge or Assembly, that may be so illegally 
formed, opened or holden, without such warrant, or any 
or either of their members, or any person exalted or ad¬ 
vanced in such illegal Chapter or Lodge. But nothing 
in this section shall be construed to affect any Chapter or 
Lodge which was established before the adoption of the 
Grand Royal Arch Constitution at Hartford, (on the 27th 
day of January, A. D. 1798.) 

Sect. 3. Whenever a Warrant is issued for instituting 
a Chapter of Royal Arch Masons, with a power in said 
Warrant to open and hold a Lodge of Most Excellent, 
Past, and Mark Master Masons, the High Priest, King 
and Scribe, for the time being, of such Chapter, shall be 
the Master and Wardens in said Lodges, according to se¬ 
niority. 

Sect. 4. All applications for the exaltation or ad¬ 
vancement of Candidates, in any Chapter or Lodge, under 
this jurisdiction, shall lie over, at least one meeting, for 
the consideration of the members. 

Sect. 5. No Mason shall be a member of two separate 
and distinct bodies, of the same denomination, at one and 
the same time. 

Sect. 6. No Chapter shall be removed, without the 
knowledge of the High Priest, nor any motion made for 
that purpose in his absence ; but if the High Priest be 


274 


CONSTITUTION. 


present, and a motion is made and seconded, for remov¬ 
ing the Chapter to some more convenient place, (within 
the limits prescribed in their Warrant,) the High Priest 
shall forthwith cause notifications to be issued to all the 
members, informing them of the motion for removal, and 
of the time and place when the question is to be deter¬ 
mined ; which notice shall be issued at least ten days 
previous to the appointed meeting. But if the High 
Priest (after motion duly made and seconded as afore¬ 
said) should refuse or neglect to cause the notices to be 
issued as aforesaid, the officer next in rank, who may be 
present at the next regular meeting following, (upon mo¬ 
tion made and seconded for that purpose,) may in like 
manner issue the said notices. 

Sect. 7. All Mark Master Masons’ Lodges shall be 
regulated, in cases of removal, by the same rules as are 
prescribed in the foregoing section for the removal of 
Chapters. 

Sect. 8. The High Priest, and other Officers, of every 
Chapter, and the Officers of every Lodge of Mark Master 
Masons, shall be chosen annually, by ballot. 

Sect. 9. The High Priest of every Chapter has it in 
special charge, as appertaining to his office, duty and 
dignity, to see that the by-laws of his Chapter, as well 
as the General Grand Royal Arch Constitution, and the 
General Regulations of the Grand Chapter, be duly ob¬ 
served ; that all the other officers of his Chapter perform 
the duties of their respective offices faithfully, and are 
examples of industry and diligence to their companions; 
that true and exact records be kept of all the proceed¬ 
ings of the Chapter by the Secretary; that the Treasu¬ 
rer keep and render exact and just accounts of all the 
moneys belonging to the Chapter ; that regular returns 
be made by the Secretary, annually, to the Grand Chap¬ 
ter, of all-admissions of candidates or members : and that 


CONSTITUTION. 


275 


the annual dues to the G-rand Chapter be regularly and 
punctually paid. He has the special care and charge of 
the Warrant of his Chapter. He has the right and 
authority of calling his Chapter at pleasure, upon any 
emergency or occurrence which in his judgment may re¬ 
quire their meeting ; and he is to fill the chair when pre¬ 
sent. It is likewise his duty, together with his King and 
Scribe, to attend the meetings of the Grand Chapter 
(when duly summoned by the Grand Secretary) either in 
person, or by proxy. 

Sect. 10. For the preservation of secrecy and good 
harmony, and in order that due decorum may be observed 
while the Chapter is engaged in business, a worthy 
Royal Arch Mason is to be appointed from time to 
time for tyling the Chapter. His duty is fixed by 
custom, and known in all regular Chapters. He may 
be elected annually, but is to continue in office only 
during good behaviour, and is to be paid for his ser¬ 
vices. 

Sect. 11. All Lodges of Mark Master Masons are 
bound to observe the two preceding articles, as far as 
they can be applied to the government of a Lodge. 

Sect. 12. No Chapter shall confer the degrees of Mark 
Master Mason, Past Master, Most Excellent Master, and 
Royal Arch Mason, upon any brother, for a less sum 
than twenty dollars. And no Lodge of Mark Master 
Masons shall advance a brother to that degree, for a less 
sum than four dollars. 

Sect. 13. When either of the officers or members of 
the General Grand Chapter, or any of the State Grand 
Chapters, cannot personally attend their respective 
meetings, they shall severally have the authority to con¬ 
stitute a proxy, which proxy shall have the same right to 
a seat and vote as his constituent. 


276 


CONSTITUTION. 


ARTICLE IV. 

OF CONSTITUTING NEW CHAPTERS. 

Sect. 1. [See Order of High Priesthood, from page 
237 to 264.] 

Sect. 2. At the institution of all Lodges of Mark 
Master Masons, under this jurisdiction, the same ceremo¬ 
nies as are prescribed in the foregoing section, are to be 
observed, as far as they will apply to that degree. 

Sect. 3. Whenever it shall be inconvenient for the 
General Grand Officers, or the Grand or Deputy Grand 
High Priests, respectively, to attend in person, to con¬ 
stitute a new Chapter or Lodge, and install the officers, 
they shall severally have power and authority to appoint 
some worthy High Priest, or Past High Priest, to per¬ 
form the necessary ceremonies. 

Sect. 4. The Officers of every Chapter and Lodge 
under this jurisdiction, before they enter upon the exer¬ 
cise of their respective offices, and also the members of 
all such Chapters and Lodges, and every candidate, upon 
his admission into the same, shall take the following 
obligation, viz. : “ I, A. B., do promise and swear, that. 
I will support and maintain the General Grand Royal 
Arch Constitution.” 


I hereby certify that the foregoing is a true copy of 
the General Grand Royal Arch Constitution for the 
United States of America, as altered, amended, and rati¬ 
fied, at a meeting of the General Grand Chapter, begun 
and holden at New York, in the State of New York, on 
the 6th day of June, A. D. 1816 
Witness : 

JOHN ABBOT, G. G. Secretary. 



ENCAMPMENT DEGREES. 


KNIGHTS OF THE RED CROSS. 



The Orders of Knighthood are con¬ 
ferred under the sanction of, or in 
connection with, Masonic assemblies. 
This degree is intimately associated 
with the Boyal Arch, and cannot he 
conferred upon any brother who has not been exalted to 
that sublime degree. 

It is founded upon incidents which occurred during the 
reign of Darius, king of Persia, and illustrates the diffi¬ 
culties and interruptions encountered by the Jews in re¬ 
building the house of the Lord at Jerusalem. 

(-77) 24 











278 


KNIGHTS OF THE RED CROSS. 


TITLES, STATIONS, AND DECORATIONS. 

Sovereign Master, upon a throne, in the East; Chan¬ 
cellor, on the right of the S. M. ; Master of the Palace, 
on the left of the S. M ; Prelate, on the right of the C. ; 
Master of Cavalry, on the right of the first division, 
when separately formed, and on the right of the whole, 
when formed in line ; Master of Infantry, on the right of 
the second division, when separately formed, and on the 
left of the whole, when formed in line; Master of 
Finances, on the right, in front of the C.; Master of 
Despatches, on the left, in front of the M. of P.; 
Standard Bearer, in the West; Sword Bearer, on the 
right of the St. B. ; Warder, on the left of the St. B. ) 
Guards, at the Passes ; Sentinel, at the Door, outside. 
The knights are arranged, in equal numbers, on the right 
and left of the throne. 

The assembly is denominated a Council. The drapery 
of the throne is green ; a green banner is suspended 
above the throne ; on it a triple triangle, with a red cross 
in the centre of each; underneath are arranged the 
emblems of the Order. The presiding officer wears a 
green collar, trimmed with red, to which is suspended a 
triple triangle. The knights wear a green collar, trimmed 
with red, and a sword and trowel, crosswise. 

PRAYER 

AT OPENING. 

O thou eternal, immortal and invisible God, who didst 
aforetime lead the children of Israel from the land of 
Egypt and out of the house of bondage ; we would desire 
to come into thy presence, at this time, with grateful 
hearts, to render thanks and praise for the wonderful dis¬ 
play of thy goodness and mercy. Be thou pleased, 0 
God, to be with thy servants who are now assembled in 


KNIGHTS ON THE RED CROSS. 


279 


thy name ; lift upon each one of us the light of thy coun¬ 
tenance : defend us from the evil intentions of our 
enemies, while traveling the journey of life ; and when 
we shall finally come into thy presence to he freed from 
the chains of sin and the sackcloth of repentance, be 
thou merciful unto us, 0 God, not according to our 
deserts, hut according to our necessities; and thine shall 
be the praise for ever and ever. 

LESSON I. 

The following passages of scripture are appropriate to 
this order, and are rehearsed by the Prelate * 

“ Now in the second year of their coming unto the 
house of God at Jerusalem, in the second month, began 
Zerubbabel, the son of Shealtiel, and Jeshua the son of 
Jozadak, and the remnant of their brethren the priests 
and the Levites, and all they that were come out of the 
captivity unto Jerusalem ; and appointed the Levites, from 
twenty years old and upward, to set forward the work of 
the house of the Lord. Then stood Jeshua, with his 
sons and his brethren, Kadmiel and his sons, the sons of 
Judah, together to set forward the workmen in the house 
of God ; the sons of Henadad, with their sons and their 
brethren the Levites. And when the builders laid the 
foundation of the temple of the Lord, they set the priests 
in their apparel with trumpets, and the Levites, the sons 
of Asaph, with cymbals, to praise the Lord, after the 
ordinance of David kins: of Israel. And they sang 
together by course, in praising and giving thanks unto 
the Lord : because he is good : for his mercy endureth 
forever toward Israel. Aud all the people shouted with 
a great shout when they praised the Lord, because the 
foundation of the house of the Lord was laid.” 

Now when the adversaries of Judah and Benjamin 
heard that the children of the captivity builded the tern- 


280 


KNIGHTS OF THE RED CROSS 


pie unto the Lord God of Israel, then they came to 
Zerubbabel, and to the chief of the fathers, and said unto 
them, Let us build with you ; for we seek your God as ye 
do ; and we do sacrifice unto him, since the days of Esar- 
Haddon king of Assur, which brought us up hither. 
But Zerubbabel and Jeshua, and the rest of the chiefs of 
the fathers of Israel, said unto them, Ye have nothing to 
do with us to build an house unto our God ; but we our¬ 
selves together will build unto the Lord God of Israel, 
as king Cyrus, the king of Persia, hath commanded u§. 
Then the people of the land weakened the hands of the 
people of Judah, and troubled them in building; and 
hired counsellors against them, to frustrate their purpose, 
all the days of Cyrus, king of Persia, even unto the reign 
of Darius, king of Persia. And in the reign of Ahas- 
uerus, in the beginning of his reign, wrote they unto him 
an accusation against the inhabitants of Judah and Jeru¬ 
salem. And in the days of Artaxerxes wrote Bishlam, 
Mithredath, Tabeel, and the rest of their companions, 
unto Artaxerxes, king of Persia; and the writing of the 
letter was written in the Syrian tongue, and interpreting 
in the Syrian tongue. Behum the chancellor, and 
Shimshai the scribe, wrote a letter against Jerusalem to 
Artaxerxes the king, in this sort: this is the copy of the 
letter that they sent unto him, even unto Artaxerxes the 
king : Thy servants, the men on this side the river, and 
at such a time. Be it known unto the king, that the 
Jews, which came up from thee to us, are come unto 
Jerusalem, building the rebellious and the bad city, and 
have set up the walls thereof, and joined the foundations. 
Be it known now unto the king, that if this city be 
builded, and the walls set up again, then will they not 
pay toll, tribute and custom, and so thou shalt endamage 
the revenue of the kings. Now because we have main¬ 
tenance from the king’s palace, and it was not meet for us 
to see the king’s dishonour; therefore have we sent and 


KNIGHTS OF THE IlED GROSS. 


281 


certified the king : that search may be made in the book 
of the records of thy fathers : so shalt thou find in the 
book of the record, and know that this city is a rebellious 
city, and hurtful unto kings and provinces, and that they 
have moved sedition within the same of old time : for 
which cause was this city destroyed. We certify the 
king, that if this city be builded again, and the walls 
thereof set up, by this means thou shalt have no portion 
on this side the river. Then sent the king an answer 
unto Rehum the chancellor, and to Sbimshai the scribe, 
and to the rest of their companions that dwell in Samaria, 
and unto the rest beyond the river, Peace, and at such a 
time. The letter which ye sent unto us hath been plainly 
read before me. And I commanded, and search hath 
been made, and it is found that this city of old time hath 
made insurrection against kings, and that rebellion and 
sedition have been made therein. There have been 
mighty kings also over Jerusalem, which have ruled over 
ail countries beyond the river ; and toll, tribute and cus¬ 
tom was paid unto them. Give ye now commandment to 
cause these men to cease, and that this city be not 
builded, until another commandment shall be given from 
me. Take heed now, that ye fail not to do this : why 
should damage grow to the hurt of the kings ? Now, 
when the copy of king Artaxerxes’ letter was read before 
Rehum, and Shimshai the scribe, and their companions, 
they went up in haste to Jerusalem, unto the Jews, and 
made them to cease by force and power. Then ceased 
the work of the house of God, which is at Jerusalem. 
So it ceased unto the second year of the reign of Darius, 
king of Persia.— Ezra iv. 

LESSON IT. 

Darius the king, having ascended the throne of Persia, 
the children of the captivitv were inspired with new hopes 

‘ 24 * 


282 


KNIGHTS OF THE RED CRC. 


of protection and support in completing their noble and 
glorious undertaking, which had been so often and so long 
impeded by their adversaries on the other side of the 
river. 

The ancient historians inform us, that Darius, whilst he 
was yet a private man, made a vow to God, that if he 
ever came to the throne he would restore all the holy ves¬ 
sels that were at Babylon, and send them back again to 
Jerusalem. 



Zerubbabel, one of the most excellent and faithful rulers 
of the Jews, having been formerly distinguished by the 
favourable notice and friendship of the king, whilst in private 
life, offered himself to encounter the hazardous enterprise of 
traversing the Persian dominions, and seeking admission to 
the royal presence, in order that he might seize the first 
favourable moment to remind the king of the vow which he 
had made, and to impress upon his mind the almighty 
force and importance of Truth. From the known piety 













KNIGHTS OF THE RED CROSS. 


283 


of the king no doubt was entertained of obtaining his con¬ 
sent, that their enemies might be removed far from thence, 
and that they might be no longer impeded in the glorious 
undertaking in which they were engaged. The council 
of rulers accepted, with great joy, this noble sacrifice on 
the part of Zerubbabel, and invested him with the neces¬ 
sary passports and commendations to enable him to pass 
through their own dominions in safety. Having passed 
the barriers, and entered the Persian dominions, he was 
taken captive, clothed in the habiliments of a slave, and 



put in chains ; but not discouraged by this misfortune, he 
declared himself a prince of the power of Judah, and de¬ 
manded an audience of the sovereign. He was told that 
he could only appear in the presence of the sovereign as 
a captive and slave ; to which he consented, being impres¬ 
sed with a belief, that if by any means he could gain ac¬ 
cess to the king, he should succeed in the object of his 
journey. 









284 


KNIGHTS OF THE RED CROSS. 


Zerubbabel, having thus gained admission to the royal 
presence, was recognized by the king as the friend and 
companion of his youth, and was interrogated as to his 
motives in attempting to pass the barriers of his domin¬ 
ions ; to which Zerubbabel replied, that he was induced to 
seek the face of the king by the tears and complaints of 
his brethren and companions in Jerusalem, who were 
impeded, by their adversaries on the other side of the 
river, in the noble and glorious undertaking of rebuild¬ 
ing the house of the Lord, in which they had been per¬ 
mitted to engage by their late sovereign master, Cyrus, 
the king; that this great work having been made to cease 
by force and power, he had come to implore the sovereign 
that he might be restored to his confidence, and admitted 
amongst the servants of his household. The king answer¬ 
ed, that he had often reflected, with peculiar pleasure, 
upon their former intimacy ; that he had heard, with great 
satisfaction, of his fame as a wise and accomplished ruler 
among the architects of his country ; that having a profound 
veneration for an institution which was reputed to practise 
mysteries which were calculated to promote the glory of 
the nation, and the happiness of the people, he would 
instantly restore him to favour, upon condition that he 
would reveal those mysteries which so eminently distin¬ 
guished the architects of the Jew from those of all other 
nations. 

Zerubbabel replied, that their institution inculcated tne 
doctrine that Truth is a divine attribute, and the founda¬ 
tion of every virtue ; that to be good men and true was 
the first lesson they were taught; that his engagements 
■were inviolable ; that if he could obtain the royal favour 
only by the sacrifice of his integrity, he should humbly 
beg leave to renounce the protection of the sovereign, and 
cheerfully submit to an honourable exile, or a glorious 
death. 

The king, struck with admiration at the firmness and 


KNIGHTS OF THE REI> CROSS. 


285 



discretion of Zerubbabel, declared that his virtue and 
integrity were truly commendable ; that his fidelity to his 
engagements were worthy of imitation, and from that 
moment he w T as restored to his confidence. 

Darius, in the first year of his reign, gave a splendid 
and magnificent entertainment to the princes and nobility ; 
and after they had retired, finding himself unable to 
sleep, be fell into discourse with his three favourite officers, 


to whom he proposed certain questions, telling them, at 
the same time, that he who should give him the most 
reasonable and satisfactory answer, should be clothed in 
purple, drink in a golden cup, wear a silken tiara, and a 
golden chain about his neck. He then proposed this 
question : which is greatest, the strength of Wine, of the 
King, or of Women? To this the first answered wine 
is the strongest; the second, that the king was strongest: 
and the third, [who was Zerubbabel] that uom.ev were 
stronger, but above all things, Truth beareth the victory. 

The king, being forcibly struck with the addition 








286 


KNIGHTS OF THE RED CROSS. 


Zerubbabel bad made to his question, ordered that the 
princes and nobles should assemble on the following day, 
to hear the subject discussed. 


LESSON III. 

On the following day the king assembled together the 
princes and nobility, to hear the question debated. The 
first began as follows, upon 

THE STRENGTH OF WINE. 

“ 0 ye princes and rulers, how exceeding strong is 
wine ! it causeth all men to err that drink it; it makcth 
the mind of the king and the beggar to be all one ; of # the 
bondman and the freeman ; of the poor man and of the 
rich ; it turneth also every thought into jollity and mirth, 
so that a man remembereth neither sorrow nor debt; ifc 
changeth and elevateth the spirits, and enliveneth the 
heavy hearts of the miserable. It maketh a man forget 
his brethren, and draw his sword against his best friends. 
0 ye princes and rulers, is not wine the strongest, that 
forceth us to do these things ?” 

Then began the second, and spoke as follows, upon 

THE POWER OF THE KING. 

“ It is beyond dispute, 0 princes and rulers, that God 
has made man master of all things under the sun ; to 
command them, to make use of them, and apply them to 
his service as he pleases : but whereas men have only 
dominion over other sublunary creatures, kings have an 
authority even over men themselves, and a right of ruling 
them by will and pleasure. Now, he that is master of 
those who are masters of all things else, hath no earthly 
thing above him.” 

Theu began Zerubbabel, upon 


KNIGHTS ON THE RED CROSS. 


287 


THE POWER OF WOMEN AND OF TRUTH. 

u 0 princes and rulers, the force of wine is not to be 
denied ; neither is that of kings, that unites so many men in 
one common bond of allegiance ; but the supereminency 1 
of woman is yet above all this ; for kings are but the gifts 
of women, and they are also the mothers of those that cul¬ 
tivate our vineyards. Women have the power to make us 
abandon our very country and relations, and many times 
to forget the best friends we have in the world, and, for¬ 
saking all other comforts, to live and die with them. But 
when all is said, neither they, nor wine, nor kings, are 
comparable to the almighty force of Truth. As for all 
other things, they are mortal and transient, but truth 
alone is unchangeable and everlasting; the benefits we 
receive from it are subject to no variations or vicissitudes 
of time and fortune. In her judgment is no unrighteous¬ 
ness, and she is the strength, wisdom, power and majesty 
of all ages. Blessed be the God of Truth.” 

When Zerubbabel had finished speaking, the princes 
and rulers cried out, 

“ Great is truth, and mighty above all things.” 

Then said the king to Zerubbabel, “ Ask what thou 
wilt, and I will give it thee, because thou art found wisest 
among thy companions.” 

Then said he to Darius, il 0 king, remember thy vow, 
which thou hast vowed, to build Jerusalem in the day 
when thou shouldest come to thy kingdom, and to restore 
the holy vessels which were taken away out of Jerusalem. 
Thou hast also vowed to build up the temple, which was 
burned when Judah was made desolate by the Chaldees. 
And now, 0 king, this is that I desire of thee, that thou 
make good the vow, the performance whereof, with thine 
own mouth, thou hast vowed to the king of heaven.” 

Then Darius the king stood up and embraced him, and 


288 


KNIGHTS OF THE RED GROSS. 


gave him passports and letters to his governors and 
officers, that they should safely convey both him, and those 
that should go with him, to Jerusalem ; and that they should 
not be delayed or hindered from building the city and the 
temple until they should be finished. He also restored 
all the holy vessels remaining in his possession, that had 
been taken from Jerusalem, when the children of Israel 
were carried away captive to Babylon, and reserved by 
Cyrus. 


LESSON IV. 

But it came to pass, that when Sanballat, and Tobiah, 
and the Arabians, and the Ammonites, and the Ashdodites, 
heard that the walls of Jerusalem were made up, and 
that the breaches began to be stopped, then they were 
very wroth, and conspired all of them together, to come 
and to fight against Jerusalem, and to hinder it. Never¬ 
theless, we made our prayer unto our God, and set a 
watch against them day and night, because of them. And 
Judah said, The strength of the bearers of burdens is 
decayed, and there is much rubbish, so that we are not 
able to build the wall. And our adversaries said, They 
shall not know, neither see, till we come in the midst 
among them, and slay them, and cause the work to cease. 
And it came to pass, that when the Jews, which dwelt by 
them, came, they said unto us ten times, From all places 
whence ye shall return unto us, they will be upon you. 
And it came to pass, when our enemies heard it was 
known unto us, and God had brought their counsel to 
naught, that we returned all of us to the wall, every one 
unto his work. And it came to pass, from that time forth 
that the half of my servants wrought in the work, and the 
other half of them held both the spears, the shields, and 
the bows, and the habergeons ; and the rulers were behind 


KNIGHTS OF THE RED CROSS. 


289 


all the house of Judah. They which builded on the wall, 
and they that bare burdens, with those that laded, every 
one with one of his hands wrought in the work, and 
with the other hand held a weapon. For the builders, 
every one had his sword girded by his side, and so 
builded; and he that sounded the trumpet was by me. 
And I said unto the nobles, and to the rulers, and to 
the rest of the people, The work is great and large, and 
we are separated upon the wall, one far from another: 
In what plaee, therefore, ye hear the sound of the trumpet, 
resort ye thither unto us ; our God shall fight for us.”— 
Nehemiah iv. 7-20. 

Then Darius the king made a decree, and search was 
made in the house of the rolls, where the treasures were 
laid up in Babylon. And there was found at Achmetha, 
in the palace that is in the province of the Medes, a roll, 
and therein was a reeord thus written : In the first year 
of Cyrus the king, the same Cyrus the king made a 
decree concerning the house of God at Jerusalem, Let 
the house be builded, the place where they offered sacri¬ 
fices, and let the foundations thereof be strongly laid; 
the height thereof threescore cubits, and the breadth 
thereof threescore cubits; with three rows of great 
stones, and a row of new timber: and let the expenses be 
given out of the king’s house. And also let the golden 
and silver vessels of the house of God, which Nebuchad¬ 
nezzar took forth out of the temple which is at Jerusalem, 
and brought unto Babylon, be restored, and brought 
again unto the temple which is at Jerusalem, every one 
to his place, and place them in the house of God. Now, 
therefore, Tatnai, governor beyond the river, Shethar- 
boznai, and your companions, the Apharsachites, which 
are beyond the river, be ye far from thence : let the work 
of this house of God alone ; let the governor of the Jews, 
and the elders of the Jews, build this house of God in 
his place. Moreover, I make a decree what ye shall do 
25 


290 


KNIGIITS OF THE RED CROSS. 


to the elders of these Jews, for the building of this house 
of God ; that of the king’s goods, even of the tribute 
beyond the river, forthwith expenses be given unto theso 
men, that they be not hindered. And that which they 
have need of, both young bullocks, and rams, and lambs, 
for burnt-offerings of the God of heaven ; wheat, salt, 
wine and oil, according to the appointment of the priests 
which are at Jerusalem, let it be given them day by day 
without fail; that they may offer sacrifices of sweet savours 
unto the God of heaven, and pray for the life of the king, 
and of his sons. Also, I have made a decree, that who¬ 
soever shall alter this word, let timber be pulled down 
from his house, and being set up let him be hanged 
thereon; and let his house be made a dunghill for this. 
And the God that hath caused his name to dwell there 
destroy all kings and people, that shall put to their hand 
to alter and to destroy this house of God which is at Je¬ 
rusalem. I, Darius have made a decree ; let it be done 
with speed. Then Tatnai, governor on this side the river, 
Shethar-boznai, and their companions, according to that 
which Darius the king , had sent, so they did speedily. 
And the elders of the Jews builded, and they prospered 
through the prophesying of Haggai the prophet, and 
Zecliariah, the son of Iddo ; and they builded and finished 
it, according to the commandment of the God of Israel, 
and according to the commandment of Cyrus, and Darius, 
and Artaxerxes, king of Persia.— Ezra vi. 


KNIGHTS TEMPLARS. 




H E Order of Knights of Malta, who 
were originally called Hospitallers of 
St. John of Jerusalem, took its rise 
about the year 1099; from which 
time, to the year 1118, their whole 
employment was works of charity, and taking care of 
the sick. 

Sometime after the establishment of this order, nine 
gentlemen formed a society to guard and protect the 
Christian pilgrims who traveled from abroad, to visit the 
Holy Sepulchre. 

These men were encouraged by the Abbot of Jerusa¬ 
lem, who assigned them and their companions a place of 
retreat in a Christian church, called the church of the 
Holy Temple, from which they were called Templars. 

291 

















































202 


KNIGHTS TEMPLARS. 


DECORATIONS AND STATIONS OF OFFICERS. 

The throne is situated in the East; above is suspended 
a banner, on it a cross irradiated with rays of light : on 
each side a sky-blue banner, on one of which are arranged 
the emblems of the Order, and on the other a Paschal 
lamb and Maltese cross, with the motto, “ The will of 
God.” The Most Eminent Grand Commander is seated 
on the throne, the Generalissimo, Prelate, and Past Grand 
Commanders on his right; the Captain General on his 
left; the Treasurer on the right, and the Recorder on the 
left in front : the Senior Warden at the south-west angle 
of the triangle, and upon the right of the first division ; 
the Junior Warden at the north-west angle of the triangle, 
and on the left of the third division; the Standard Bearer 
in the west, the Sword Bearer on his right, and the 
AVarder on his left; Guards, at the Passes ; Sentinel at 
the Door, outside. The Knights are so arranged, that 
there shall be an equal number on each side of the throne 
and in front. Three tents, at proper distances, in an ad¬ 
joining room, or in the north of the Encampment, and 
stationed in front, with a black banner, having a star of 
nine points; in the centre of the star, a cross and serpent 
of gold, surrounded by a circle, with the motto, “ In hoc 
signo yiNCES,” painted upon it. 


UNIFORM. 

A full suit of black, with a sword and military hat; a 
black velvet sash, trimmed with silver lace, hanging on 
the right shoulder and crossing the body to the left side ; 
at the end of the sash is suspended a poniard; on tHe left 
hip of the sash a Maltese cross is placed in the centre of 
a green rosette ; on the right shoulder a black rosette and 
star ; on the left breast a star of nine points ; in the cen- 


KNIGHTS TEMPLARS. 


298 

tro of the star, a cross and serpent of gold, surrounded 
by a circle, in which is engraved, “ In hoc signo 
Vinces also, a Paschal lamb, with a flag, a cock, and 
red cross. On the flap of the apron three stars are 
placed in a triangular form, with cross swords in the cen¬ 
tre ; on the centre of the apron twelve knobs or stars 
placed in a triangle, with skull and cross bones in the 
centre. 


PRAYER 

AT OPENING. 

Supreme Architect of the Universe, whose All-Seeing 
Eye surveys the inhabitants of this lower world, behold 
us, thy dependent creatures, with thy favour and blessing. 
We adore thee as a holy and merciful God, whose 
righteous providence orders all things in heaven and on 
earth ; and from whom all holy desires, all good counsels, 
and all just works do proceed. We beseech thee to direct 
and bless us in what we do. Give us wisdom to choose, 
and grace to perform, whatever is according to thy holy 
will. Preserve us from every sin; protect us in every 
danger, and grant that all our doings, being ordered by 
thy governance, may be righteous in thy sight. Especial¬ 
ly would we at this time render thee our thanksgiving 
and praise for the Institution, as members of which we 
are now assembled, and for all the pleasures we have 
derived from it. We thank thee that the few, who ai>e 
here met together, have been favoured with new induce¬ 
ments, and laid under new and stronger obligations to 
virtue and holiness. Endue us, 0 Lord, our Redeemer, 
with thy spirit, with wisdom and fortitude to resist the 
temptation of our unruly passions while traveling the pil¬ 
grimage of this life, so that, when solicited by avarice, 
we may not, with Judas, sell our God, or so far yield to 
25* 


294 


KNIGHTS TEMPLARS. 


the weakness and infirmities of our nature, as, like Peter 
to deny our Master. But by the beauty of holiness, may 
we be incited to practice that charity which is recorded in 
thy Word, and so let our light shine before men, that 
they, seeing our good works, may glorify thee, our 
Father, which art in heaven. Grant this, 0 merciful 
God, through Him, who is the resurrection and the life, 
thy Son, our Saviour, Jesus Christ. Amen. 


CHARGE 

AT OPENING. 

James, a servant of God and of the Lord Jesus Christ 
to the twelve tribes which are scattered abrpad, greeting 
My brethren, count it all joy when ye fall into divers 
temptations ; knowing this, that the trying of your faith 
worketli patience. But let patience have her perfect 
work, that ye may be perfect and entire, wanting nothing. 
If any of you lack wisdom, let him ask of God, that 
giveth to all men liberally, and upbraideth not; and it 
shall be given him. But let him ask in faith, nothing 
wavering. For he that wavereth is like a wave of the 
sea, driven with the wind and tossed. For let not that 
man think that he shall receive anything of the Lord. A 
double-minded man is unstable in all his ways. Let the 
brother of low degree rejoice in that he is exalted. If 
any man among you seem to be religious, and bridleth not 
his tongue, but deceiveth his own heart, this man’s 
religion is vain. Pure religion and undefiled before God 
and the Father is this : To visit the fatherless and widows 
in their affliction, and to keep himself unspotted from the 
world.— James i. 1-10-26-27. 


KNIGHTS TEMPLARS. 


295 



LESSON I. 

FIRST EXHORTATION. 

-I greet thee. * * * 

Silver and gold have I none : but such as I have give I 
thee. * * * * * * 

Hearken to a lesson to cheer thee on thy way, and 
assure thee of success. 

And Abraham rose up early in the morning, and took 
bread and a bottle of water and gave it unto Hagar (put¬ 
ting it on her shoulder,) and the child, and sent her away, 
and she departed and wandered in the wilderness, and 
the water was spent in the bottle, and she cast the child 
under one of the shrubs ; and the angel of God called to 
Hagar, out of heaven, saying, Arise, lift up the lad, and 
hold him in thine hand ; for I will make him a great 
nation : and God opened her eyes, and she saw a well of 
water. 










296 


KNIGHTS TEMPLARS. 


By faith Abrahain sojourned in the land of promise, as 
in a strange country, dwelling in tabernacles; for he looked 
for a city which hath foundations, whose builder and maker 
is God. 

Be ye therefore followers of God as dear children, re¬ 
joicing in the Lord always; and again I say, rejoice. 
Farewell— God speed thee. 

SECOND EXHORTATION. 

-—I greet thee. ****** 

If a brother or sister be naked and destitute of daily 
food, and one of you say, Depart in peace, be ye warmed 
and filled, and ye give them not of those things which are 
needful for the body, what doth it profit ? To do good 
and to communicate, forget not, for with such sacrifices God 
is well pleased. 

Beware least any man spoil you through philosophy and 
vain deceit, after the traditions of men ; after the rudi¬ 
ments of the world, and not after Christ: For in him 
dwelleth all the fullness of the Godhead bodily. Fare¬ 
well— God speed thee. 

THIRD EXHORTATION. 

—--1 greet thee. * * * * * 

He that receiveth you, receiveth me, and he that re- 
ceiveth me, receiveth him that sent me. Come unto me 
all ye that labour and are heavy laden, and I will give 
you rest. Take my yoke upon you and learn of me, for I 
am meek and lowly in heart, and ye shall find rest unto 
your souls, for my yoke is easy and my burden is light. 
Whosoever shall give to drink unto one of these little ones 
a cup of cold water only, in the name of a disciple, verily 
I say unto you he shall in no wise lose his reward. 

Farewell—G od speed thee. 



KNIGHTS TEMPLARS. 


297 



LESSON IT. 

Then one of the twelve, called Judas Iscariot, went 
unto the chief priests and said unto them, What will ye 
give me, and I will deliver him unto you. And they 
covenanted with him for thirty pieces of silver. And 
from that time he sought opportunity to betray him. Now, 
the first day of the feast of unleavened bread, the disciples 
came to Jesus, saying unto him, Where wilt thou that we 
prepare for thee to eat the passover ? And he said, Go 
into the city to such a man, and say unto him, The Master 
saith, My time is at hand ; I will keep the passover at thy 
house with my disciples. And the disciples did as Jesus 
had appointed them ; and they made ready the passover. 
Now, when the even was come, he sat down with the 








KNIGHTS TEMPLARS. 


298 

twelve. And as they did eat, he said, Verily I say unto 
you, that one of you shall betray me. And they were 
exceeding sorrowful, and began every one of them to say 
unto him, Lord, is it I ? And he answered and said, he 
that dippeth his hand with me in the dish, the same shall 
betray me. The Son of man goeth, as it is written of him •, 
but wo unto that man by whom the Son of man is betray¬ 
ed ! It had been good for that man if he had not been 
born. Then Judas, which betrayed him, answered and 
said, Master is it I ? He said unto him, Thou hast said.— 
Matt. xxvi. 14-25. 

******** 


LESSON III. 

Then cometh Jesus with them unto a place called 
Grethsemane, and saith unto the disciples, Sit ye here, 
while I go and pray yonder. And he took with him Peter 
and the two sons of Zebedee, and began to be sorrowful 
and very heavy. Then saith he unto them, My soul is 
exceeding sorrowful, even unto death ; tarry ye here, and 
watch with me. And he went a little farther, and fell on 
his face, and prayed, saying, O my Father, if it be possible, 
let this cup pass from me ; nevertheless, not as I will, but 
as thou wilt. And he cometh unto the disciples, and 
findeth them asleep, and saith unto Peter, What could ye 
not watch with me one hour ? Watch and pray, that ye 
enter not into temptation ; the spirit indeed is willing, but 
the flesh is«weak. He went away again the second time, 
and prayed, saying, O my Father, if this cup may not pass 
away from me, except I drink it, thy will be done. And 
he came and found them asleep again ; for their eyes 
were heavy. And he left them, and went away again, 
and prayed the third time, saying the same words. Then 
cometh he unto his disciples, and saith unto them, Sleep 


KNIGIITS TEMPLARS. 


299 


y.n now, and take your rest: behold the hour is at hand, 
and the Son of man is betrayed into the hands of sinners. 
Rise, let us be going: behold, he is at hand that doth be¬ 
tray me. And while he yet spake, lo ! Judas, one of the 
twelve, came, and with him a great multitude, with swords 
and stavos, from the chief priests and elders of the people. 
Now he that betrayed him, gave them a sign, saying, 
Whomsoever I shall kiss, that same is he : hold him fast. 
And forthwith he came to Jesus, and said, Hail, master! 
and kissed him.— Matt. xxvi. 36-50. 

******** 


LESSON IV. 

When Pilate saw that he could prevail nothing, but that 
rather a tumult was made, he took water, and washed his 
hands before the multitude, saying, I am innocent of the 
blood of this just person ; see ye to it. Then answered 
all the people, and said, His blood be upon us, and on 
our children. Then released he Barabbas unto them : and 
when he had scourged Jesus, he delivered him to be cru¬ 
cified. Then the soldiers of the governor took Jesus 
into the common hall, and gathered unto him the whole 
band of soldiers. And they stripped him and put on him 
a scarlet robe. And when they had platted a crown of 
thorns they put it upon his head, and a reed in his right 
hand ; and they bowed the knee before him, and mocked 
him, saying, Hail, king of the Jews! And they spit upon 
him, and took a reed and smote him on the head. 
And after that they had mocked him, they took the 
robe off from Kim, and put his own raiment on him, and led 
him away to crucify him. And as they came out, they 
found a man of Cyrene, Simon by name : him they com¬ 
pelled to bear his cross. And when they were come 
unto a place called Golgotha, that is to say, A place of a 


300 


KNIGHTS TEMPLARS. 


skull, they gave him vinegar to drink, mingled with gall : 
and when he had tasted thereof he would not drink. And 
they crucified him, and parted his garments, casting lots ; 
that it might be fulfilled which was spoken by the prophet; 
They parted my garments among them, and upon my ves¬ 
ture did they cast lots. And sitting down, they watched 
him there ; and set up over his head his accusation written, 
This is Jesus the king of the Jews.—Matt, xxvii. 
24-37. 

####*# * * 


LESSON V. 

Although it is appointed unto all men once to die, yet 
the scriptures inform us, that the Saviour of the world 
arose from the dead and ascended into heaven, there fore- 
ever he is seated on the throne of majesty on high ; and 
they also assure us, that all who have received Him for 
their righteousness, and put their trust in Him, shall rise 
to life everlasting. 

In the end of the Sabbath, as it began to dawn, toward 
the first day of the week, came Mary Magdalene and the 
other Mary, to see the sepulchre. And behold there was 
a great earthquake : for the angel of the Lord descended 
from heaven, and came and rolled back the stone from the 
door, and sat upon it. His countenance was like light¬ 
ning, and his raiment white as snow : and for fear of him 
the keepers did shake, and became as dead men. And 
the angel answered and said unto the woman, “ Fear not 
ye : for I know that ye seek Jesus, which was crucified. He 
is not here ; for he is risen, as he said. Corns, see the place 
where the Lord lay : and go quickly, and tell his disciples 
that he is risen from the dead ; and behold he goeth before 
you into Gralilee ; there shall ye see him : lo! I have 
told you.” And they departed quickly from the sepul- 


KNIGHTS TEMPLARS. 


801 


chre, with fear and great joy, and did run to bring his 
disciples word. 

And as they went to tell his disciples, behold Jesus met. 
them, saying, All hail. And they came and held him by 
the feet, and worshipped him. 

And he led them out, as far as to Bethany ; and he lift¬ 
ed up his hands, and blessed them. And it came to pass, 
while he blessed them, he was parted from them, and car¬ 
ried up into heaven. And they worshipped him, and re¬ 
turned to Jerusalem with great joy. 

####*### 

The following ode may be appropriately introduced 
during the ceremonies: 

The rising God forsakes the tomb! 

Up to his Father’s court he flies ; 

Cherubic legions guard him home, 

And shout him welcome to the skies. 

Break off your tears, ye saints, and tell 
How high our great deliv’rer reigns, 

Sing how he spoil’d the hosts of hell, 

And led the monster, death, in chains. 

Say live forever, wond’rous king, 

Born to redeem, and strong to save, 

Then ask the tyrant, “ where’s thy sting ? 

And where’s thy vict’ry, boasting grave ?” 

* #*#*=## # 


LESSON VI. 

And in those days Peter stood up in the midst of the 
disciples, and said, (the number of the names together were 
about an hundred and twenty,) Men and brethren, this 
2tj 


802 


KNIGHTS TEMPLARS. 


scripture must needs have been fulfilled which the Holy 
Ghost, by the mouth of David, spake before concerning Ju 
das, which w T as guide to them that took Jesus. For he was 
numbered with us, and had obtained part of this ministry. 
Now this man purchased a field with the reward of iniquity ; 
and falling headlong, he burst asunder in the midst, and 
all his bowels gushed out. And it w r as known unto all the 
dwellers at Jerusalem; insomuch as that field is called, 
in their proper tongue, Aceldama, that is to say, The field 
of blood. For it is written in the book of Psalms, Let his 
habitation be desolate, and let no man dwell therein : and 
his bishopric let another take. Wherefore, of these men 
which have companied with us, all the time that the Lord 
Jesus went in and out among us, beginning from the bap¬ 
tism of John unto that same day that he was taken up 
from us, must one be ordained to be a witness with us of 
his resurrection. And they appointed two, Joseph called 
Barsabas, who was surnamed Justus and Matthias. And 
they prayed and said, Thou, Lord, which knowest the 
hearts of all men, show whether of these two thou hast 
chosen, that he may take part of this ministry and apostle- 
ship, from which Judas by transgression fell, that he might 
go to his own place. And they gave forth their lots ; and 
the lot fell upon Matthias ; and he was numbered with the 
eleven apostles.— Acts i. 15-26. 


KNIGHTS OF MALTA 



H E Knights of St. John, or Hospitallers 
of St. John, afterwards known as Knights 
of Rhodes, and finally called Knights of 
Malta, was a military religious Order, established at about 
the commencement of the Crusades. As early as 1048> 
some merchants from Amalfi, in Naples, being struck with 
the misery to which the pilgrims were exposed on their road 
to the Holy Land, obtained permission of the Caliph of 
Egypt, to erect a church and build a monastery near the 
site of the Holy Sepulchre at Jerusalem, which they ded¬ 
icated to St. John the Baptist. They entertained all pil¬ 
grims that came for devotion, and cured the diseased 
among them. They became eminent for their devotion, 


303 




304 


KNIGHTS OF MALTA. 


charity and hospitality. St. John the Baptist, being their 
patron, they were called Brethren Hospitallers of St. John 
the Baptist, of Jerusalem, to distinguish them from the 
Knights of the Holy Sepulchre. They took the black habit 
of the hermits of St. Augustine, and on the left breast 
wore a cross of eight points. “ In war they wore crimson, 
with a white cross, but in their monasteries, and on the day 
of their profession, the black garment only.” 

The following passages of Scripture are rehearsed in 
Encampments of Knights of Malta. 

LESSON I. 

And when they were escaped, then they knew that the 
island was called Melita. And the barbarous people 
showed us no little kindness ; for they kindled a fire, and 
received us every one, because of the present rain, and 
because of the cold. And when Paul had gathered a bundle 
of sticks, and laid them on the fire, there came a viper out of 
the heat, and fastened on his hand. And when the bar¬ 
barians saw the venomous beast hang on his hand, 
they said among themselves, No doubt this man is a 
murderer, whom, though he hath escaped the sea, yet 
vengeance suffereth not to live. And he shook off the beast 
into the fire, and felt no harm. Howbeit they looked when 
he should have swollen, or fallen down dead suddenly *, 
but after they had looked a great while, and saw no harm 
come to him.— Acts xxviii. 1—6. 


LESSON II. 

And Pilate wrote a title, and put it on the cross. 
And the writing was, Jesus of Nazeratii the King of 
the Jews. — St. John xix. 19. 


KNIGHTS OF MALTA. 


305 


LESSON III. 

But Thomas, one of the twelve, called Didymus, was not 
with them when Jesus came. The other disciples, there¬ 
fore, said unto him, We have seen the Lord. But he said 
unto them, Except I shall see in his hands the prints of 
the nails, and put my finger into the print of the nails, and 
thrust my hand into his side, I will not believe. And 
after eight days, again his disciples were within, and 
Thomas with them. Then came Jesus, the doors being 
shut, and stood in the midst, and said, Peace be unto you. 
Then saith he to Thomas, Reach hither thy finger, and be¬ 
hold my hands ; and reach hither thy hand, and thrust it 
into my side ; and be not faithless, but believing. And 
Thomas answered, and said unto him, My Lord and my 
God. — St. John xx. 24-28. 


CHARGE 

TO THE CANDIDATE. 

Sir Knight :— 

Having passed through the several degrees and honour¬ 
ary distinctions of our ancient and honourable institution— 
in your admission to the tesselated Masonic ground floor— 
your ascent into the middle chamber—your entrance to the 
unfinished sanctum sanctorum—your regularly passing the 
several gates of the Temple—induction to the oriental 
chair—witnessing the completion and dedication of that 
superb model of excellence, the Temple, which has immor¬ 
talized the names of our ancient Grand Masters, and the 
justly celebrated craftsmen :—having wrought in the 
ruins of the first Temple, and from its sacred Royal Arch 
brought to light incalculable treasures and advantages to 
the craft •—having duly studied into the way and manner 
26* 


306 


KNIGHTS OF MALTA. 


of their concealment; also having been engaged in the 
hazardous enterprise of traversing an enemy’s dominions, 
and there convincing a foreign prince that truth is great and 
will prevail; therefore, you are now admitted to a partici¬ 
pation in those labours which are to effect the erection of a 
temple more glorious than the first, even that beauteous 
temple of holiness and innocence, whose pillars are Charity, 
Mercy and Justice, the foundation of which is in the breast 
of every one who has tasted that the Lord is gracious : to 
whom you come as unto a living stone, disallowed indeed 
of men, but chosen of God and precious. 

And now, Sir Knight, we bid you welcome to all these 
rights and privileges, even to that disinterested friend¬ 
ship and unbounded hospitality which ever has, and we 
hope and trust ever will continue to adorn, distinguish and 
characterize this noble order, 

It will henceforth become your duty, and should be your 
desire, to assist, protect and befriend the weary way-worn 
traveler, who finds the heights of fortune inaccessible, and 
the thorny paths of life broken, adverse and forlorn,—to 
succour, defend and protect the innocent, the distressed 
and the helpless, ever standing forth as a champion to es¬ 
pouse the cause of the Christian religion. 

You are to inculcate, enforce and practise virtue ; and 
amidst all the temptations which surround you, never be 
drawn aside from the path of duty, or forgetful of those 
due guards and pass-words which are necessary to be had 
in perpetual remembrance 5 and while one hand is wielding 
the sword for your Companion in danger, let the other 
grasp the mystic Trowel, and widely diffuse the genuine 
cement of Brotherly Love and Friendship. 

Should calumny assail the character of a brother Sir 
Knight, recollect that you are to step forth and vindicate 
his good name, and assist him on all necessary occasions. 
Should assailants ever attempt your honour, interest or 
happiness, remember, also, at the same time, you have the 


KNIGHTS OF MALTA. 


307 

counsel and support of your brethren, whose mystic swords, 
combining the virtues of Faith, Hope and Charity, with 
Justice, Fortitude and Mercy, will leap from their scab¬ 
bards in defence of your just rights, and insure you a 
glorious triumph over all your enemies. 

On this occasion permit me, Sir Knight, to remind you 
of our mutual engagements, our reciprocal ties ; what¬ 
ever may be your situation or rank in life you will find 
those, in similar stations, who have dignified themselves 
and been useful to mankind. You are therefore called 
upon to discharge all your duties with fidelity and patience, 
whether in the field, in the senate, on the bench, at the bar, 
or at the Holy Altar. Whether you are placed upon the 
highest pinnacle of wordly grandeur, or glide more securely 
in the humble vale of obscurity, unnoticed, save by a few 5 
it matters not, for a few rolling suns will close the scene, 
when naught but holiness will serve as a sure pass-word 
to gain admission into that Rest prepared from the founda¬ 
tion of the world. 

If you see a brother bending under the cross of adversity 
and disappointment, look not idly on, neither pass by on 
the other side, but fly to his relief. If he be deceived, 
tell him the Truth; if he be culumniated, vindicate his 
cause ; for, although in some instances, he may have erred, 
still recollect that indiscretion in him should never destroy 
humanity in you. 

Finally, Sir Knights, as memento mori is deeply engraved 
on all sublunary enjoyments, let us ever be found in the 
habiliments of righteousness, traversing the straight path 
of rectitude, virtue and true holiness, so that having dis¬ 
charged our duty here below, performed the pilgrimage of 
life, burst the bands of mortality, passed over the Jordan of 
death, and safely landed on the broad shore of eternity, 
there, in the presence of myriads of attending angels,we may 
be greeted as brethren, and received into the extended 


308 


KNIGHTS OB 1 MALTA. 


arms of the Blessed Immanuel, and forever made to par¬ 
ticipate in his Heavenly kingdom. 


AN EXHORTATION AT CLOSING. 

Finally, my brethren, be strong in the Lord, and in the 
power of his might. Put on the whole armour of God 
that ye may be able to stand against the wiles of the devil. 
For we wrestle not against flesh and blood, but against 
principalities, against powers, against the rulers of the 
darkness of this world, against spiritual wickedness in high 
places. Wherefore, take unto you the whole armour of 
God, that ye may be able to withstand in the evil day, 
and having done all, to stand. Stand, therefore, having 
your loins girt about with truth, and having on the breast¬ 
plate of righteousness ; and your feet shod with the prepar¬ 
ation of the gospel of peace ; above all, taking the shield 
of faith, wherewith ye shall be able to quench all the fiery 
darts of the wicked. And take the helmet of salvation, 
and the sword of the spirit, which is the word of God.— 
Ephes. vi. 10-17. 


C ERE M 0NI ES AN I) CHARGES 

UPON CONSTITUTING AND DEDICATING AN ENCAMPMENT, 
AND INSTALLING ITS OFFICERS. 

The Sir Knights will assemble in the room where the 
ceremonies are to be performed, and open an Encampment. 
The jewels are then placed on the altar. An ode is then 
sung, succeeded by prayer. 

The Grand Marshal will then say, “ Most eminent Grand 
Commander, a constitutional number of Knights Templars, 
duly instructed in the sublime mysteries of our Orders, 
and being desirous of promoting the honour of the same by 
aiding the cause of humanity , knowledge and virtue , have 
applied to proper authority for a warrant or charter to con¬ 
stitute them a regular Encampment of Knights Templars, 
and the appendant Orders. The prayer of their petition 
having been granted, they are now assembled for the pur¬ 
pose of being legally constituted, and of having their offi¬ 
cers installed in due and ancient form.” 

The Grand Master will then direct the Grand Recorder 
to read the charter, which being done, he will ask the mem¬ 
bers if they still approve of the officers named in the char¬ 
ter ; if they assent, the Grand Master will declare : 

“ By virtue of the high power and authoritydn me vested, 
I do now form you, my worthy brother knights, into a just 
and regular Encampment of Knights Templars. Hence¬ 
forth you are authorized and empowered to form and open 
a council of Knights of the Red Cross, an Encampment of 
Knights Templars, and Knights of Malta, of the Order of 
St. John of. Jerusalem, and to perform all such things as 
may appertain to the same ; conforming iu all your doings 
to the laws and constitution of the Grand Encampment un- 

309 


310 


ceremonies and charges. 


der whose authority you act, and to the constitution and 
edicts of the General Grand Encampment of the United 
States. And may the God of your fathers be with you, 
guide and direct you in all your undertakings.” 

The jewels are now uncovered to solemn music, when 
the Prelate rises and says : 

<* From time immemorial, it has been customary for the 
Masonic fraternity to dedicate the different departments 
of our institution to different patrons. We dedicate our 
lodges toSt. John the Baptist, or the Evangelist: our Chap¬ 
ters to Zerubbabel, and our Encampments to St. John 
the Almoner. We do this, not in that superstitious sense 
in which the brethren employ the term when they set apart 
their temples for the worship of their imaginary deities, nor 
in that high and solemn sense in which Christians dedicate 
their churches to the great Jehovah ; but we do it simply 
to testify our respect and esteem for the character of those 
who have been so eminently beneficial to our institution, 
and that their examples may stimulate us to imitate their 
exalted virtues. 

44 To our most eminent and worthy Patron St. John 
the Almoner, I do now solemnly dedicate this Encamp¬ 
ment, by the name and title of-Encampment; and 

may the God of all grace abundantly bless you in your laud¬ 
able undertaking, and may each one of its members so re¬ 
deem his time that he may receive the joyful invitation 
4 Enter thou into the joy of thy Lord.’ Glory to God in 
the highest, and on earth, peace, and good will towards 
men.” 

Response— 44 As it was in the beginning, is now, and 
ever shall be, world without end.” Amen. 



CEREMONIES AND CHARGES. 


311 


INSTALLATION 

The Grand Commander elect is then presented to the 
Grand Master by the Marshal, who says : 

iC Most Worshipful :—I have the honour to present 

you the Most Eminent Sir-,who has been elected to 

the office of Grand Commander of this Encampment. 
I find him to be well skilled in our sublime mysteries, and 
observant of the noble precepts of our forefathers, and have, 
therefore no doubt but he will discharge the important 
duties of his office with fidelity.” 

The Grand Master then asks, “ Most Eminent, are you 
ready to subscribe to the oath of office V 9 On his answering 
in the affirmative, the Grand Master will draw his sword, and 
holding it horizontally, the edge toward the Grand Com¬ 
mander elect, who will place his left hand on the same, and 
his right hand on his left breast, and repeat as follows : 

“ I, A. B, do solemnly promise, upon the honour of a 
Knight Templar, that I will, to the best of my knowledge 
and ability, faithfully discharge the various duties incum¬ 
bent upon the office to which I have been elected ; that I 
will support and maintain the by-laws of this Encampment, 
and the laws and constitution of the Grand Encampment, 
under whose immediate authority I act ; also the constitu¬ 
tion and edicts of the General Grand Encampment of the 
United States of America.” 

The Grand Master will then address the Grand Com¬ 
mander elect, as follows : 

Most Excellent Sir: —Having been elected to the 
important and honourable station of M. E. Grand Comman¬ 
der of this (new) Encampment, it is with unfeigned plea¬ 
sure that I enter upon the discharge of the pleasing duty of 
installing you into your office. As the head of an institution 
founded upon the Christian religion, and the practice of 



312 


CEREMONIES AND CHARGES. 


the Christian virtues, you will sensibly realize the great 
responsibility of the new relation in which you now stand 
to your brethren ; and, I am fully persuaded, will so con¬ 
duct the important interest about to be committed to your 
hands, as to reflect honour upon yourself and credit upon 
your Encampment. It now, Sir Knight, becomes my duty 
to propose certain questions to you, relative to your office, 
to which I must request unequivocal answers. 

I. Do you solemnly promise, upon the honour of a 
Knight Templar that you will redouble your endeavours 
to correct the vices, purify the morals, and promote the 
happiness of those of your brethren who have attained this 
magnanimous Order ? 

II. That you will never suffer your Encampment to be 
opened, unless there be present seven regular Sir Knights 
of the Order ? 

III. That you will not confer the Orders upon any one 
who has not shown a charitable and humane disposition \ 
or who has not made a considerable proficiency in the fore¬ 
going Degrees ? 

IV. That you will promote the general good of our 
Order, and on all proper occasions be ready to give and 
receive instructions, and particularly from the General and 
State Grand officers ? 

Y. That to the utmost of your power you will preserve 
the solemnities of our ceremonies ; and behave, in open En¬ 
campment, with the most profound respect and reverence, 
as an example to your brethren ] 

VI. That you will not acknowledge or have intercourse 
with any Encampment that does not work under a consti¬ 
tutional Warrant or Dispensation ? 

VII. That you will not admit any visitor into your En¬ 
campment who has not been Knighted in an Encampment 
legally constituted, without his being first formally healed] 


CEREMONIES AND CHARGES. 


313 


VIII. That you will pay due respect and obedience to 
the instructions of the general and State Grand officers, 
particularly relating to the several lectures and charges, 
and will resign the Chair to them, severally, when they 
may visit your Encampment ? 

IX. That you will support and observe the Constitution 
of the General Grand Encampment, and the General Reg¬ 
ulations of the Grand Encampment under whose authority 
you act 1 

X. That you will bind your successor in office to the 
observance of the same rules to which you have now as¬ 
sented ? 

“ Do you submit to all these things ? and do you pro¬ 
mise to observe and practise them faithfully 1 
Assents. 


CHARGE 

TO THE MOST EMINENT GRAND COMMANDER. 

Most Eminent :— 

You will now permit me to invest you with this badge of 
your office ; It is a Cross, surmounted by Rays of Light. 
It is an appropriate and beautiful emblem of the sublime 
principles of this magnanimous and Christian Order of 
Knighthood. The Cross will remind you of him who offered 
up his life as a propitiation for the sins of the world ; and 
the refulgent rays that emanate from it, of those divine 
teachings and sublime precepts which He has left to guide 
and direct us in the path of truth and holiness. 

I present you the Charter of your Encampment. You 
will receive it as a sacred deposit, and never permit it to 
be used for any other purpose than those expressed in it, 
and safely transmit it to your successor in office. 


314 


CEREMONIES AND CHARGES. 


I also commit to your hands the Holy Bible, the Great 
Light in every degree of Masonry, together with the Cross 
Swords. The doctrines contained in this sacred volume, 
create in us a belief in the existence of the eternal 
Jehovai-i, the only true and living God, the Creator 
and Judge of all things in heaven and on earth. They 
also confirm in us a belief in the dispensations of bis 
Providence. This belief strengthens our Faith, and ena¬ 
bles us to ascend the first step of the Grand Masonic Lad¬ 
der. This Fatth naturally produces in us a Hope of be¬ 
coming partakers of the promises expressed in this inesti¬ 
mable Gift of God to man, which hope enables us to ascend 
the second step. But the third and the last, being Charity, 
comprehends the former, and will continue to exert its in¬ 
fluence when Faith shall be lost in sight, and Hope in com¬ 
plete enjoyment. 

The Cross Swords, resting upon the Holy Bible, are 
to remind us that we should be “ strong in the Lord, and 
in the power of his might—that we should “ put on the 
whole armour of God,” to be able to wrestle successfully 
against principalities and powers, and spiritual wickedness 
in high places. 

I also present to you the Constitution of the General 
Grand Encampment of the United States of America ; the 
Rules and Regulations of the Grand Encampment of this 
State, and the By-laws of your Encampment. You will 
frequently consult them yourself, and cause them to be 
read for the information of your Encampment, that all, be¬ 
ing informed of their duty, may have no reasonable excuse 
to offer for the neglect of it. 

And now, Most Eminent, permit me to induct you into 
the Chair of your Commandery, and, in behalf of the Sir 
Knights here assembled, to offer you my most sincere con¬ 
gratulations on your accession to the honourable station 
you now fill. It will henceforth be your special duty to 
preserve inviolate the Laws and Constitutions of the Order, 


CEREMONIES AND CHARGES. 


315 


to dispense justice, reward merit, encourage truth, and 
diffuse the sublime principles of universal benevolence, 
1 ou will distribute alms to poor and weary pilgrims trav¬ 
eling from afar ; feed the hungry ; clothe the naked, and 
bind up the wounds of the afflicted. You will inculcate 
the duties of charity and hospitality, and govern your Com- 
mandery with justice and moderation. And finally, my 
brother, may the bright example of the illustrious heroes 
of former ages, whose matchless valour has shed undying 
lustre over the name of Knight Templar, encourage and 
animate you to the faithful performance of every duty. 

Sir Knights :—Behold your Grand Commander, [The 
Kn>ghts rise and present arms.] Recollect, Sir Knights, 
that the prosperity of your Encampment, will as much de¬ 
pend on your support, assistance and obedience, as on the 
assiduity, fidelity and wisdom of your Commander. 

The remainder of the officers are then duly qualified, by 
taking the oath of office, in the form and manner before 
stated. The Grand Marshal then presents the Gener¬ 
alissimo. 


CHARGE 

TO THE GENERALISSIMO. 


Sir :— 

You have been elected Generalissimo of this Encamp¬ 
ment. I now invest you with the badge of your office, 
which is a Sqvare , surmounted by a Paschal Lamb. 

When beholding the lamb, let it stimulate you to have, 
at all times, a watchful eye over your own conduct, and 
an earnest solicitude for the prosperity of the kingdom of 
the blest Emmanuel, the spotless Lamb of God, who was 
slain from the foundation of the world. 

26 


31(3 


CEREMONIES AND CHARGES. 


The Square is to remind you that the institution of Free¬ 
masonry, and the Orders of Knighthood were formerly 
governed by the same Grand Masters, and that the same 
principles of brotherly love and friendship should forever 
govern the members of both Orders. Your station, Sir 
Knight, is on the right of your Commander; your duty is 
to receive and communicate all orders, signs and petitions ; 
to assist your Commander in his various duties, and in his 
absence to preside in the Encampment. The exercise of 
all your talents and zeal will be necessary in the discharge 
of your various duties. I charge you, therefore, to be 
faithful to the Sir Knights with whom you are associated ; 
put them often in remembrance of those things which tend 
to their everlasting peace. Finally, “ preach to them the 
word : be instant in season, and out of season : reprove, 
rebuke, exhort with all long-suffering and doctrine 
ever remembering the promise, “ 13e thou faithful unto 
death, and I will give thee a crown of life.” 


CHARGE 

TO THE CAPTAIN-GENERAL. 


Sir :— 

You are elected Captain General of this Encampment. 
I now invest you with the badge of your office, which is 
a Level, surmounted by a Cock. As the undaunted cour¬ 
age and valour of the cock stimulates him to conquer his 
competitor or yield himself a victim to the contest, so should 
you be stimulated to the discharge of every duty. You 
should have on “ the breast-plate of righteousness,” so that 
with patience and meekness you may ever travel on the level 
of humility, and be so supplied with divine grace as to pre¬ 
vent you from selling your God or denying your Master. 


CEREMONIES AND CHARGES. 


317 


Your station is on the left of your Commander. Your 
duty, among other things, is to see that the proper offi¬ 
cers make all due preparation for the various meetings 
of the Encampment; that the council chamber and 
asylum are in suitable array for the introduction of candi¬ 
dates and the dispatch of business. You are also to re¬ 
ceive and communicate all orders issued by the Grand 
Commander, through the officers of the line. You are to 
assist in council, and, in the absence of your Commander 
and Generalissimo, you are to govern the Encampment. 
The distressed widow, the helpless orphan, and the inno¬ 
cent of the weaker sex, you are ever to assist and protect. 
But, above all, you are to stand forth, having your loins 
girt about with Truth, in defence of the Christian religion 
from all its enemies. And now I exhort you, that with 
fidelity you perforin every duty ; and “ Whatsoever ye do, 
do heartily as to the Lord, and not unto men : continue in 
prayer, and watch in the same with thanksgiving j” evei 
bearing in mind the promise, u Be not weary in well-doing 
for in due time you shall reap if ye faint not.” 


CHARGE 

TO THE PRELATE. 


Sir :— 

You are elected Prelate of this Encampment. I have 
the pleasure of investing you with this Trifle Triangle , 
•which is the badge of your office, and a beautiful emblem 
of the Eternal Jehovah. Your station is on the right of 
the Generalissimo; your duty is to officiate at the altar ; 
to offer up prayers and oblations to Deity. The duties of 
your office are very interesting, and highly important, and 
will require your early and punctual attendance at every 
meeting. Your jewel is to remind you of the importance 
27* 


318 


CEREMONIES AND CHARGES. 


of the trust reposed in you; and may “ He who is able 
abundantly furnish you for every good work, preserve you 
from falling into error : improve, strengthen, establish and 
perfect you,” and, finally, greet you with, t( Well done 
good and faithful servant, enter thou into the joy of thy 
Lord.” 


CHARGE 

TO THE SENIOR WARDEN. 


Sir :— 

You are elected Senior Warden of this Encampment. 
I now invest you with the badge of your office, which is a 
Hollow Square and Sword of Justice . It is to remind you 
that as the children of Israel marched in a hollow square, 
in their journey through the wilderness, in order to guard 
and protect the Ark of the Covenant , so should you be vigi¬ 
lant in guarding -every avenue from innovation and error. 
Let the sword of justice, therefore, be ever drawn to guard 
the Constitution of the Order, Your station is at the 
south-west angle of the triangle, and upon the right of the 
first division. You will attend pilgrim warriors travel¬ 
ing from afar, comfort and support pilgrim penitents , and 
recommend them, after due trial, to the favour and protec¬ 
tion of the Grand Commander. You will be assiduous in 
teaching your division their duties and exercises. You 
will on all occasions, form the avenues for the approach and 
departure of your Commander ; and prepare the lines for 
inspection and review. Let it be your constant care that 
the warrior be not deterred from duty, nor the penitent 
molested on his journey. Finally, “ Let your light so 
shine before men, that they, seeing your good works may 
glorify your Father which is in heaven.” 


CEREMONIES AND CHARGES. 


319 


CHARGE 

TO THE JUNIOR WARDEN. 

Sir :— 

You are elected Junior Warden of this Encampment. 
I now invest you with the badge of your office, which is 
an Eagle and Flaming Sword. It is to remind you to 
perform your various duties with justice and valour , having 
an eagle eye on the prosperity of the Order. Your sta¬ 
tion is at the north-west angle of the triangle, and on the 
left of the third division. Your duty is to attend weary 
pilgrims, traveling from afar, conduct them on their jour¬ 
ney, plead their cause, and, by permission of the Grand 
Commander, introduce them into the asylum. You will 
be careful, that in addition to the sandals , staff and scrip , 
their whole preparation and deportment be such as shall 
cause them to be recognised as children of humility. Teach 
them that “ Magna est veritas et prcevalebit” is the motto of 
our orders, and although in the course of their pilgrimage, 
they will often find the heights of fortune inaccessible, and 
the thorny path of life crooked, adverse and forlorn ; yet, 
by faith and humility, courage, constancy and persever¬ 
ance in the great duties set before them in the Gospel, they 
may gain admission into the asylum above ; there to enjoy 
the honour and rewards that await the valiant soldiers of 
the Lord Jesus Christ. Finally, be ye perfect, always 
abounding in the works of the Lord; that you may be a 
shining light in the world. A city that is set on a hill 
cannot be hid. 

CHARGE 

TO THE TREASURER. 

Sir : 

You are elected Treasurer of this Encampment. I now 
invest you with the badge of your office. Your station is 


320 


CEREMONIES ANT) CHARGES. 


on the right of the Grand Commander, in front. The 
qualities which should recommend a Treasurer, are accu¬ 
racy and fidelity : accuracy, in keeping a fair and minute ac¬ 
count of all receipts and disbursements ; fidelity, in care¬ 
fully preserving all the property and funds of the Encamp¬ 
ment, that may be placed in his hands, and rendering a 
just account of the same whenever he is called upon for 
that purpose. I presume that your respect and attach¬ 
ment to the Encampment, and your earnest solicitude for 
a good name, which is better than precious # ointment, will 
prompt you to the faithful discharge of the duties of your 
office. 


CHARGE 

TO THE RECORDER. 

Sir :— 

You are elected Recorder of this Encampment. I now 
invest you with the badge of your office. Your station is 
on the left of the Grand Commander, in front. The qual¬ 
ities which should recommend a Recorder ar e, promptitude 
in issuing the notifications and orders of his superior offi¬ 
cers ; 'punctuality in attending the meetings of the En¬ 
campment ; correctness in recording their proceedings; 
judgment in discriminating between what is proper and 
what is improper to be committed to writing; integrity in 
accounting for all monies that may pass through his hands, 
and fidelity in paying the same over into the hands of the 
Treasurer. The possession of these good qualities, I 
presume, has designated you as a suitable candidate 
for this important office; and I cannot entertain a 
doubt that you will discharge its duties beneficially to the 
Encampment and honourably to yourself. And when you 
shall have completed the record of your transactions here 
below, and finished the term of your probation, may you 
be admitted into the celestial asylum of saints and angels, 
and find your name recorded in the Lamb’s Book of life. 


CEREMONIES AND CHARGES. 


321 


CHARGE 

TO THE STANDARD BEARER. 

Sir :— 

You are elected Standard Bearer of this Encampment. 
I now invest you with the badge of your office, which is a 
Plumb surmounted by a Banner . Your station is in the 
West, and in the centre of the second division. Your duty 
is to display, support and protect the standard of the Order, 
which I now, with pleasure, eonfide to your valour. You 
will remember that it is our rallying point in time of dan¬ 
ger ; and, when unfurled in a just and virtuous cause, you 
will never relinquish it to an enemy but with your life. 
Let, therefore, your conduct be such as all the virtuous 
will delight to imitate ; let the refulgent rays which ever 
emanate from pure benevolence and humility, diffuse their 
lustre on all around, that it may encourage and animate all 
true and courteous Knights, and at the same time, con¬ 
found and dismay all their enemies. 


CHARGE 

TO THE SWORD BEARER. 


Sir ;— 

You are elected Sword Bearer of this Encampment. I 
now invest you with the badge of your office, which is a 
Triangle and Cross Swords. Your station is on the right 
of the Standard Bearer, and on the right of the second 
division, when formed in line. Your duty is to watch all 
orders and signals from the Grand Commander, and see 
that they are promptly obeyed. You are also to assist in the 
protection of the (banners of the Order, and with a heart 


CEREMONIES AND CHARGES. 


322 

lively devoted to the principles of Faith, Hope, and Char¬ 
ity ) with the mystic sword that is endowed with justice 
and fortitude and tempered by mercy, in your hand, you 
may cast your eyes upon the standard, and remember that 
u In hoc signo vinces” is an expressive motto of our Order, 
and consoling to the heart of every believer. 

CHARGE 

TO THE WARDER. 

Sir :-You are elected Warder of this Encampment. I now 
invest you with the badge of your office, which is a Square 
Plate, with a Trumpet and Cross Swords engraved thereon. 
Your station is upon the left of the Standard Bearer, 
and upon the left of the second division, when formed in 
line. Your duty is to announce the approach and depar¬ 
ture of the Grand Commander ; to post the sentinels, and 
see that the asylum is duly guarded. You will, also, 
report all petitions from visitors and strangers, and com¬ 
municate the orders of your superior officers; and I charge 
you to be punctual in your attendance at our meetings, and 
indefatigable in the discharge of your important duties ; 
for, though yours is among the last offices in the Encamp¬ 
ment, it is by no means the least in importance. 

CHARGE 

TO THE THREE GUARDS. 

Sir Knights You are appointed Captains of the Guards. 
I now invest you with your badge of office, which is a Square 
Plate with a Battle Ax engraved thereon. Your post is that 
of honour as well as danger. You will therefore be vigilant 
and challenge with spirit, examine with caution, admonish 
with candour, relieve cheerfully, protect with fidelity, and 
fight valiantly. 

CHARGE 

TO THE ENCAMPMENT. 

Sir Knights :—To manage and conduct the concerns of 
an Encampment of Knights Templars with that promptitude. 


CEREMONIES AND CHARGES. 


823 


integrity aud skill which the institution demands, will re¬ 
quire the exercise of all the talents, and perseverance of its 
officers and members. Are any of you solicitous that your 
equals and inferiors should conduct themselves toward you 
with deference and respect ? you will he sure to let no op¬ 
portunity pass without furnishing them an example in your 
own conduct toward your superiors. The officers will re¬ 
collect that those moral and religious duties and precepts 
which they, from time to time, so forcibly impress upon 
the minds of others, should by no means be neglected by 
themselves; as the most effectual way to insure success, 
is to let precept and example go hand in hand. 

I would therefore exhort one and all of you to look 
well to the East, to the West, to the North, and to the 
South, and see that the entering, avenues are strictly guard¬ 
ed, and that you suffer no one to pass the threshold of 
your asylum but the worthy children of humility , and, at 
the same time, that you suffer no one to walk among you 
disorderly, without admonition or reproof. While such is 
the conduct of the officers and members, you may rest 
assured that this valiant magnanimous order will forever 
flourish like the green hay tree. And now, my worthy Sir 
Knights, I would address you in the language of David to 
his beloved city, “ Peace be within thy walls, and prosper¬ 
ity within thy palaces.” For my brethren and compan¬ 
ions’ sake, I will now say, Peace be with thee. 

The Grand Marshal then proclaims the new Encamp¬ 
ment in the following manner, viz: 

“ In the name of the Most Eminent Grand Encampment 

of the State of-, I proclaim this new Encampment, 

by the name of-Encampment, to be legally consti¬ 

tuted, consecrated, and the officers duly installed.” 

After the necessary business is finished, the Encamp¬ 
ment is closed. 




CONSTITUTION 


OF THE 

GENERAL GRAND ENCAMPMENT 

OF KNIGHTS TEMPLARS AND APPENDANT ORDERS FOR THE 
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 
As Amended in 1844 . 

ARTICLE I. 

Sec. 1. The General Grand Encampment of Knights 
Templars, and the Appendant Orders, for the United 
States of America, consists of a General Grand Master, 
Deputy General Grand Master, General Grand General¬ 
issimo, General Grand Captain General, General Grand 
Prelate, General Grand Senior Warden, General Grand 
Junior Warden, General Grand Recorder, General Grand 
Treasurer, General Grand Standard Bearer, General 
Grand Sword Bearer, General Grand Warder, all Past 
General Grand Masters, Deputy General Grand Masters, 
General Grand Generalissimos, and General Grand Cap¬ 
tain Generals of this General Grand Encampment; the 
Grand Masters, Deputy Grand Masters, Grand General¬ 
issimos, and Grand Captain Generals of all such State 
Grand encampments as may be instituted or holden by 
virtue of this Constitution, and the said enumerated 
officers, or their proxies, shall be the only members and 
voters in the said General Grand Encampment. 

Provided , That the Encampments, holding Charters 
from this General Grand Encampment, in the several 
States, wherein there are no Grand Encampments, may 
be represented in this General Grand Encampment, and 
the officers of such Encampments collectively, shall have 
a right to one vote, but not a right to appear by proxy. 
Nor shall a Past Grand Master have the right to appear 
by proxy. And provided further , That no person shall 
be constituted a proxy unless at the same time he shall 
be a member of some Grand or subordinate Encampment. 
324 



CONSTITUTION. 


325 


Sec. 2. The time of meeting of the General Grand 
Encampment shall be on the 2d Tuesday of September 
triennially, for the choice of officers and other business, 
at such place as may be from time to time appointed. 

Sec. 3. A special meeting of the General Grand En¬ 
campment shall be called whenever any two of the first 
four General Grand Officers may deem it necessary; 
and also whenever it may be required by a majority of 
the Grand Encampments of the States aforesaid ; pro¬ 
vided that such requisition be made known, in writing, 
by the said Encampments respectively, to either of the 
before-mentioned General Grand Officers. 

Sec. 4. The General Grand Master, Deputy General 
Grand Master, General Grand Generalissimo, and Gene¬ 
ral Grand Captain General, are severally hereby autho¬ 
rized and empowered to visit and preside in any and 
every assembly of Knights of the Red Cross, Knights 
Templars, and of Malta, throughout the jurisdiction of 
the General Grand Encampment, and to give such in¬ 
structions and directions as the good of the Institution 
may require ; always adhering to the ancient landmarks. 

Sec. 5. In all cases of the absence of any officer from 
any assembly instituted or holden by virtue of this Con¬ 
stitution, the officer next in rank shall succeed his supe¬ 
rior ; unless through courtesy such officer shall decline 
in favour of a Past Superior Officer present. And in 
case of the absence of all the officers, the members 
present, according to seniority and abilities, shall fill the 
several offices. 

Sec. 6. In every assembly of Knights, all questions 
(except upon the admission of members or candidates) 
shall be determined by a majority of votes ; the presi¬ 
ding officer for the time being, shall be entitled to a vote, 
if a member ; and in case the votes should be equally 
divided, he shall also give the casting vote. 

Sec. 7. In case any casualty shall at any time prevent 
the triennial election of officers, the several General 


326 


CONSTITUTION. 


Grand officers shall hold their respective offices until 
successors be duly elected and qualified. 

Sec. 8. No person shall hereafter be eligible to any 
office in the General or any State Grand Encampment, 
unless he shall at the time be a member of some subordi¬ 
nate Encampment. 

Sec. 9. The General Grand Master, Deputy General 
Grand Master, General Grand Generallissimo, and Gen¬ 
eral Grand Captain General, shall severally have power 
and authority to institute new Councils of Knights of the 
Red Cross, and Encampments of Knight Templars and of 
Malta, in any State or Territory wherein there is not 
a Grand Encampment regularly established. 

Provided , That no dispensation shall be in force be¬ 
yond the time of the next triennial meeting of the Gener¬ 
al Grand encampment, except the same, for cause shown, 
shall be renewed. 

And providedfurther , That no encampment shall be estab¬ 
lished in any State or Territory, where there is an Encamp¬ 
ment, without the approbation or consent of the nearest 
Encampment to the applicants having been first obtained. 

Sec. 10. The fees for instituting a new Council and 
Encampment, shall be ninety dollars, exclusive of such 
compensation for executing the Letters of Dispensation, 
or Charter, as may be deemed reasonable. 

Sec. 11. It shall be the duty of either of the General 
Grand officers, who may hereafter create new encamp¬ 
ments, to notify the General Grand Recorder of the 
same, so soon thereafter as possible ; and also to transmit 
the fees for the same to the General Grand Treasurer 
within thirty days thereafter. 

Sec. 12. For every Knight Templar hereafter created 
in any Encampment holden by Dispensation from either 
of the General Grand Officers, and whilst under the im¬ 
mediate jurisdiction of the General Grand Encampment, 
such Encampment shall pay the sum of two dollars into 
the General Grand Treasury. 



CONSTITUTION. 


327 


ARTICLE II. 

OF STATE GRAND ENCAMPMENTS. 

Sec. 1 . Whenever there shall be three or more En¬ 
campments instituted, or holden under this Constitution 
in any one State, a Grand Encampment may be formed 
in such State after obtaining the approbation and consent 
of the General Grand Master, the Deputy General Grand 
Master, or the General Grand Encampment. 

Sec. 2. The State Grand Encampments shall seve¬ 
rally consist of a grand Master, Deputy Grand Master, 
Grand Generallissimo, Grand Captain General, Grand 
Prelate, Grand Senior Warden, Grand Junior Warden, 
Grand Recorder, Grand Treasurer, Grand Standard 
Rearer, Grand Sword Bearer, Grand Warder, all Past 
Grand Masters, Deputy Grand Masters, Grand Geueral- 
lissimos, and Grand Captain Generals, of any State 
Grand Encampment, wheresoever they may reside ; the 
Grand Commanders, Generallissimos, and Captain Gen¬ 
erals, for the time being of the Encampments over which 
they shall respectively preside ; and all Past Grand 
Commanders of such Encampments, so long as they 
shall continue in active existence, and their said enu¬ 
merated officers, or their proxies, shall be the only 
members and voters of the said State Grand Encamp¬ 
ments respectively. 

Sec. 3. The State Grand Encampments shall be 
holden at least once in every year, at such times and 
places as they shall respectively direct, and the Grand or 
Deputy Grand Masters respectively, may call special 
meetings when they deem the same necessary. Their 
officers shall be chosen annually by ballot. 

Sec. 4. The several State Grand Encampments, sub¬ 
ject to the provisions of this Constitution shall have the 
sole government and superintendence of the several 


328 


CONSTITUTION. 


Councils of Knights of the Red Cross, Knights Templars 
and Knights of Malta, within their respective jurisdic¬ 
tions ; to assign their limits, and settle controversies that 
may happen between them ; and shall have power, under 
their respective Seals, and the signs manual of their re¬ 
spective principal Grand Officers, attested by their re¬ 
spective Grand Secretaries, to constitute new Councils 
and Encampments of the above-mentioned Orders, within 
their respective jurisdictions. 

Sec. 5. The Grand and Deputy Grand Masters, sever¬ 
ally, shall have the power and authority, during the 
recess of the Grand Encampment of which they are offi¬ 
cers, to grant Letters of Dispensation under their respec¬ 
tive hands, and private seals, to a competent number of 
petitioners, residing within their respective jurisdictions, 
(possessing the Constitutional qualifications,) empowering 
them to form and open a Council and Encampment, for 
a certain specified term of time, not extending beyond 
the next meeting of the Grand Encampment. And in 
all cases of such Dispensations the officer granting the 
same shall make report thereof at the next meeting of 
the Grand Encampment, which may either continue or 
recall the same, or may grant the petitioners a Charter. 

Sec. 6. The several State Grand Encampments shall 
possess authority, upon the institution of new Councils 
or Encampments within their respective jurisdictions, to 
require the payment of such fees as they may deem ex¬ 
pedient, which fees shall be advanced and paid before a 
Charter or Letters of Dispensation shall be issued. 

Sec. 7. The State Grand Encampments shall sev¬ 
erally have power to require from the several Councils 
and Encampments, within their respective jurisdictions, 
such reasonable proportion of sums received by them 
for conferring the degrees and such certain annual sums 
from their respective members, as may be necessary for 
supporting the Grand Encampment with propriety and 


CONSTITUTION. 


329 


respectability; which said dues shall be made good and 
paid over by the Councils and Encampments respectively 
at such times as the said Grand Encampments may 
direct. 

Sec. 8. No charter shall be issued for constituting an 
Encampment of Knights Templars and the appendant 
Orders, except upon the petition of nine Knights of those 
Orders ; and a recommendation of the Encampment in 
the same State nearest the place where the new Encamp¬ 
ment is to be established. 

Sec. 9. The Grand Recorders shall severally make 
an annual communication to each other, and also to the 
General Grand Recorder, containing a list of Grand 
Officers, and all such other matters as may be deemed 
useful for the mutual information of the several Grand 
Encampments. And the said State Grand Recorders 
shall also regularly transmit to the General Grand 
Recorder, a copy of all their By-Laws and Regula¬ 
tions. 

Sec. 10. The jurisdiction of the several State Grand 
Encampments shall not extend beyond the limits of the 
State in which they shall respectively be holden ; except¬ 
ing any case wherein, before the formation of this Con¬ 
stitution, a Grand Encampment had been formed by an 
united representation of the Encampments in two ad¬ 
joining States. 


ARTICLE III. 

OF SUBORDINATE COUNCILS AND ENCAMPMENTS. 

Sec. 1. All regular assemblies of Knights of the Red 
Cross are called Councils ; and all regular assemblies of 
Knights Templars and Knights of Malta are called En¬ 
campments. Every Council and Encampment ought to 
assemble at least quarterly, for business and improve- 
28* 


380 


CONSTITUTION. 


nient. Every Encampment shall consist of a Grand 
Commander, Generalissimo, Captain General, Prelate, 
Senior Warden, Junior Warden, Recorder, Treasurer, 
Standard Bearer, Sword Bearer, Warder, and as many 
members as may be found convenient. 

Sec. 2. No Encampment shall confer the orders of 
Knighthood for a less sum than twenty dollars, nor upon 
any one who shall not have regularly received the seve¬ 
ral degrees of Entered Apprentice, Fellow Craft, Master 
Mason, Mark Master, Past Master, Most Excellent Mas 
ter, and Royal Arch Mason. The rule of succession in 
conferring the orders of Knighthood shall be as follows, 
viz : Knight of the Red Cross, Knight Templar, Knight 
of Malta. Provided , That the Encampment within the 
jurisdiction of this General Grand Encampment may con¬ 
fer the orders of Knighthood upon regularly ordained 
officiating clergymen without fee. 

Sec. 3 Every Council and Encampment shall have a 
Charter from the Grand Encampment of the State in 
which they may respectively be holden, or a Dispensa¬ 
tion from one of the first four Grand Officers. And no 
Council or Encampment that may hereafter be formed 
or opened shall be deemed legal without such charter or 
Dispensation; and communication is hereby interdicted 
and forbidden between any Council or Encampment 
under this jurisdiction, or any member of either of them, 
and any Council,' Encampment, or Assembly that may 
be so formed, opened, or holden without such Charter or 
Dispensation, or any or either of their members, or any 
person introduced into such illegal assembly. 

Sec. 4. The Grand Commander of every Encampment 
and Council has it in special charge to see that the By- 
Laws of his Council or Encampment are duly observed, 
as well as the General Constitution, and the Regulations 
of the General Grand Encampment j that accurate 
records are kept, and just accounts rendered j that regu- 


CONSTITUTION. 


33 L 


lar returns are made to the Grand Encampment, and to 
the General Grand Recorder annually, and that the 
annual dues are promptly paid. He has authority to 
call special meetings at pleasure ; and it is his duty, 
together with his second and third officer, to attend all 
meetings of the Grand Encampment in person or by 
proxy. 

Sec. 5. It shall not be deemed regular for any En¬ 
campment or Council to confer the orders of Knight¬ 
hood upon any sojourner, whose fixed place of abode is 
within any State in which there is an Encampment regu¬ 
larly established: and in case any Encampment shall 
confer the said orders, contrary to this section, such En¬ 
campment shall, on demand, pay over to the Encampment 
situated nearest the candidate’s fixed place of abode, the 
whole amount of fees received for his admission. 

Sec. 6 The officers of every Council and Encampment 
under this jurisdiction, before they enter upon the exer¬ 
cise of their respective offices, and also the members of 
such Councils and Encampments, and every candidate 
upon his admission into the same, shall take the follow¬ 
ing obligation, viz : “ I, A. B., do promise and swear 
that I will support and maintain the Constitution of the 
General Grand Encampment of Knights Templars for the 
United States of America. 

Sec. 7. The General Grand Encampment shall be com¬ 
petent, on concurrence of two-thirds of its members 
present, at any time hereafter, to revise, amend, and 
alter this Constitution. 


HYMNS, ODES. AND SONGS. 


ODE: 

To be sung at the Dedication of a Lodge. 

Tune —Rule Brittannia. 

When earth’s foundation first was laid, 

By the Almighty Artist’s hand, 

’Twas then our perfect, our perfect laws were made, 
Established by his strict command. 

Chorus —Hail! mysterious, hail, glorious Masonry, 
That makes us ever great and free. 

As man throughout for shelter sought, 

In vain from place to place did roam, 

Until from heaven, from heaven he was taught, 

To plan, to build, to fix his home. 

Hail! mysterious, &c 

Hence, illustrious rose out art, 

And now in beauteous piles appear; 

Which shall to endless, to endless time impart 
How worthy and how great we are. 

Hail! mysterious, &c. 

Nor we less fam’d for every tie, 

By which the human thought is bound; 

Love, truth, and friendship, and friendship socially. 
Join all your hearts and hands around. 

Hail! mysterious, &c. 

Our actions still by virtue blest, 

And to our precepts ever true, 

The world admiring, admiring shall request, 

To learn, and our bright paths pursue. 

Hail! mysterious, &c. 


332 





HVTMNS, ODES, AND SONGS. 


O Q 

ooo 


ODE: 

Performed at the Dedication of Free Masons' Hall , in London , 
May 23d 1776. 

STROPHE. 

AIR. 

What solemn sounds on holy Sinai rung, 

When heavenly lyres by angel fingers strung, 
According to th’ immortal lay, 

Thai hymn’d creation’s natal day. 

recitative —( o.ccom pani ed .) 

’Twas then the shouting sons of morn 
Bless’d the great omnific word ; 

“ Abash’d hoarse jarring atoms heard, 

“ Forgot their pealing strife, 

“ And softly crowded into life,” 

When order, law, and harmony were born. 

CHORUS. 

The mighty master’s pencil warm, 

Traced out the shadowy form, 

And bade each fair proportion grace 
Smiling nature’s modest face. 

AIR. 

Heaven’s rarest gifts were seen to join 
To deck a finish’d form divine, 

And fill the Sovereign Artist’s plan; 

Th’ Almighty’s image stamp’d the glowing name, 
And seal’d him with the noblest name, 

Archetype of Beauty, Man. 

ANTISTROPHE. 

SEMI-CHORUS AND CHORUS. 

Ye spirits pure, that rous'd the tuneful throng, 

Anu loos’d to rapture each triumphant tongue. 

Again, with quick instinctive fire, 

Each harmonious lip inspire : 

Again, bid cv’ry vocal throat 
Dissolve in tender votive strain. 


334 HYMNS, ODES, AND SONGS. 

AIR. 

Now while yonder white rob’d train,* 

Before the mystic shrine, 

In lowly adoration join, 

Now sweep the living lyre, and swell the melting note 

RECITATIVE. 

Yet ere the holy rites begin 
The conscious shrine within, 

Bid your magic song impart. 

air. 

How within the wasted heart, 

•Shook by passion’s ruthless power, 

Virtue trimm’d her faded flower 
To op’ning buds of fairest fruit. 

How from majestic nature’s glowing face 
She caught each animating grace, 

And planted there the immortal root; 

EPODE. 

recitative—( accompanied .) 

Daughter of Gods, fair Virtue, if to thee, 

And thy bright sister, universal Love, 

Soul of all good, e’er flow’d the soothing harmony 
Of pious gratulation—from above 
To us, thy duteous votaries, impart 
Presence Divine. 


AIR. 

Jn high mysterious jubilee, 

With Psean loud, and solemn rite, 

Thy holy step invite, 

And court thy list’ning ear, 

To drink the cadence clear 
That swells the choral symphony. 

CHORUS. 

To thee, by foot profane untrod, 

Their votive hands have rear’d the high abode. 

* Alluding to the brethren in their white aprons. 


HYMNS, ODES, AND SONGS. 


335 


RECITATIVE. 

Here shall your impulse kind 
Inspire the tranced mind. 

AIR. 

And lips of truth shall sweetly tell, 

What heavenly deeds befit, 

The soul by wisdom’s lesson smit: 
What praise he claims, who nobly spurns 
Gay vanities of life, and tinsel joys. 

For which unpurged fancy burns. 

CUORUS. 

What pains he shuns, who dares be wise; 
What glory wins, who dares excel. 


THE MASON’S ADIEU. 
Adieu, a heart’s fond, warm, adieu, 

Ye brothers of our mystic tie; 

Ye favour’d and enlightened few, 
Companions of my social joy; 

Tho’ I to foreign lands must hie, 
Pursuing fortune’s slippery ba’; 
With melting heart and brimful eye, 

I’ll mind you still when far awa’. 

Oft have I met your social band, 

To spend a cheerful, festive night: 
Oft honoured with supreme command, 
Presiding o’er the sons of light: 

And by that hieroglyphic bright, 

Which none but craftsmen ever saw, 
Strong mem’ry on my heart shall write, 
Those happy scenes when far awa’. 
May freedom, harmony and love, 
Cement you in the grand design, 
Beneath th’ omniscient eye above, 

The glorious architect divine: 

That you may keep th’ unerring line, 
Still guided by the plummet’s law. 
Till order bright completely shine, 

Shall be my prayer when far awa’. 



336 


HYMNS, ODES, AND SONGS. 


And you, farewell, whose merits claim. 
Justly that highest badge to wear, 
May Heaven bless your noble name, 

To Masonry and friendship dear : 

My last request permit me then, 

When yearly you ’re assembled a’. 
One round, I ask it with a tear, 

To him, your friend, that’s far awa\ 
And you, kind-hearted sisters fair, 

I sing farewell to all your charms, 

Th’ impression of your pleasing air 
With rapture oft my bosom warms 
Alas! the social winter’s night 

No more returns while breath I draw, 
Till sisters, brothers, all unite. 

In that Grand Lodge that’s far awa’. 


ANTHEM. 

“Let there be light!”—the Almighty spoke, 
Refulgent streams from chaos broke, 

To illume the rising earth ! 

Well pleas’d the great Jehovah stood, 

The power supreme pronounc’d it good, 

And gave the planets birth ! 

In choral numbers Masons join. 

To bless and praise this light divine. 
Parent of light! accept our praise ! 

Who shed’st on us thy brightest rays, 

The light that fills his mind. 

By choice selected, lo ! we stand, 

By friendship joined, a social band! 

That love—that aid mankind ! 

In choral numbers, &c. 
rhe widow’s tear—the orphan’s cry— 

All wants—our ready hands supply, 

As far as power is given ! 

The naked clothe—the pris’ner free— 

These are thy works, sweet Charity ! 

Revealed to us from Heaven ! 

Li choral numbers, &c. 



SOLOMON’S TEMPLE 


AN 

ORATORIO: 

As it was performed in Dublin , for the benefit of sick and distressed 

Free Masons. 

THE WORDS BY BRO. J. E. WEEKS. 

MUSIC COMPOSED BY BRO. R. BROADWAY, 

Organist of St. Patrick’s Cathedral. 


PERSONS: 

Solomon', the Grand Master. 
High Priest. 

Hiram, the Woikman. 

Uriel, Angel of the Sun. 
Sheba, Queen of the South. 
Chorus of Priests and Nobles. 


Solomon— Recitative. 

Convened we’re met—chief oracle of heaven, 
To whom the sacred mysteries are given, 
We’ve met to bid a splendid fabric rise, 

Worthy the mighty Ruler of the skies. 

High Priest. 

And lo ! where Uriel, Angel of the Sun, 
Arrives to see the mighty business done. 

(AtV.) Behold, he comes upon the wings of light, 

And with his sunny vestment cheers the sight. 

Uriel — Recitative . 

The Lord supreme, Grand Master of the skies. 
Who bade creation from a chaos rise, 

29 


337 




338 


Solomon’s temple. 


The rules of arcnitecture first engraved 
On Adam’s heart. 

Chorus of the Priests and Nobles. 

To Heaven’s High Architect all praise, 

All gratitude be given, 

Who deign’d the human soul to raise, 

By secrets sprung from heaven. 

So lomo \— Recitative 
Adam, well versed in arts, 

Gave to his sons the plumb and line, 

By Masonry, sage Tubal Cain 
To the deep organ tuned the strain. 

^Air.) And while he swell'd the melting note, 

On high the silver concord’s float. 

High Priest — Recitative. (Accompanied .) 
Upon the surface of the waves, 

When God a mighty deluge pours, 

Noah a chosen remnant saves, 

And laid the ark’s stupendous floors. 

Uriel — Air. 

Hark from on high the Mason word, 

“ David, my servant, shall not build 
A lodge for heaven’s all sovereign Lord, 

Since blood and war have stain’d his shield, 
That for the deputy, his son, 

We have reserved—Prince Solomon.” 

Chorus of Priests and Nobles. 

Sound great Jehovah’s praise! 

Who bid young Solomon the temple raise. 

Solomos— Recitative. 

So grand a structure shall we raise. 

That men shall wonder ! angels gaze ! 

By art divine it shall be rear’d. 

Nor shall the hammer’s noise be heard. 

Chorus. 

Sound great. Jehovah’s praise ! 

Who bid King Solomon the temple raise. 




Solomon’s temple. S'JJ 

Uriel— Recitative. 

Toplan the mighty dome, 

Hiram, the Master Mason’s come. 

(_4/r.) We know thee, by thy apron white, 

An architect to be. 

We know thee, by thy trowel bright, 

Well skill’d in Masonry. 

We know thee, by thy jewel’s blaze, 

Thy manly walk and air, 

Instructed, thou the lodge shalt raise. 

Let all for work prepare. 

Hiham —A ir. 

Not like Babel’s haughty building, 

Shall our greater lodge be framed; 

That, to hideous jargon yielding, 

Justly was a Babel named; 

There confusion all o'erbearing, 

Neither sign nor word they knew, 

We, our work with order squaring, 

Each proportion shall be true. 

So lomo.v— Recitative. 

Cedars, which since creation grew. 

Fall of themselves to grace the deme; 

All Lebanon, as if she knew 
The great occasion, lo, is come! 

Uriel— Air. 

Behold, my brethren of the sky, 

The work begins, worthy an angel’s eye. 

Chorus of Priests and Nobles. 

Be present all ye heavenly host. 

The work begins—the Lord defrays the cost! 


ACT II. 

Messenger — Recitative. 

Behold, attended by a num’rous train, 

Queen of the South, fair Sheisa, greets thy reign ! 



340 


Solomon’s temple. 


In admiration of thy wisdom, she 
Comes to present the bended knee. 

Solomon to Hiram. (Air.) 

When allegiance bids obey, 

We with pleasure own its sway. 

Enter Sheba attended. 

Obedient to superior greatness, see, 

Our sceptre hails thy mightier majesty; 

Thus Phf.be, queen of shade and night. 

Owning the sun’s superior rays, 

With feebler glory, lesser light, 

Attends the triumph of his blaze. 

Oh, all excelling Prince, receive 
The tribute due to such a King! 

Not the gift, but will, believe ! 

Take the heart, not what we bring. I). C. 
Solomon — Recitative. 

Let measures softly sweet 
Illustrious Sheba’s presence greet. 

(Air.) Tune the lute and string the lyre, 

Equal to the fair we sing! 

Who can see and not admire 
Shf.ba, consort for a king! 

Enlivening wit and beauty join, 

Melting sense and graceful air, 

Here united powers combine, 

To make the brightest of the fair. D. C. 

( Recit .) Hiram, our brother and our friend, 

Do thou the queen with me attend. 

Scene II. A View of the Temple. 

High Priest — Recitative. 

Sacred to heaven, behold the dome appears; 

Lo, what august solemnity it wears; 

Angels themselves have deign’d to deck the frame. 
And beauteous Sheba shall report its fame. 

(Air.) When the Queen of the South shall return, 

To the climes that acknowledge her sway, 
Where the sun’s warmer beams fiercely bum, 

The princess with transport shall say, 


Solomon’s temple. 


341 


Well worthy my journey, I’ve seen, 

A monarch both graceful and wise, 
Deserving the love of a queen. 

And a temple well worthy the skies. D. C. 

Chorus. 

Open ye gates, receive a queen who shares, 
With equal sense, your happiness and cares. 

Hiram — Recitative. 

Of riches much, but more of wisdom, see. 
Proportion’d workmanship and Masonry. 

Oh! charming Sheba, there behold 
What massy stores of burnish’d gold, 

Yet richer is our art; 

Not all the orient gems that shine, 

Nor treasures of rich Ophir’s mine, 

Excel the Mason’s heart; 

True to the fair, he honours more 
Than glittering gems or brightest ore, 

The plighted pledge of love ; 

To ev’ry tie of honour bound, 

In love and friendship constant found, 

And favour’d from above. 

Solomon and Sheba — Duett. 

Sheba. One gem beyond the rest I see, 

And charming Solomon is he. 
Solomon. One gem beyond the rest I see, 

Fairest of fair ones, thou art she. 
Sheba. Oh thou surpassing all men wise; 
Solomon. And thine excelling women’s eyes. 

H i ram — Recital ive. 

Wisdom and Beauty both combine, 

Our art to raise, our hearts to join. 

Chorus. 

Give to Masonry the prize, 

Where the fairest choose the wise; 

Beauty still should wisdom love ; 

Beauty and order reign above. 

29 * 


FORMS 


OF THE 

APPLICATIONS, DISPENSATIONS, &c. 


The following forms embracing the various require¬ 
ments of the Order, will be found of importance, both to 
the officers, and members thereof. 


No. 1. 


FORM OF AN APPLICATION FOR INITIATION AND MEMBER¬ 
SHIP. 

The undesigned, unbiassed by the improper solicitation 
of friends, and uninfluenced by other unworthy motives ? 
prompted by a favourable opinion of your ancient insti¬ 
tution, and a desire for knowledge, freely and volunta¬ 
rily offers himself a candidate for initiation into the 
mysteries of Freemasonry, and respectfully prays that he 
may be admitted, and become a member of your worship¬ 
ful Lodge, promising a cheerful conformity to the ancient 
usages and established customs of the Order. 
Recommended by Name, 

-- Age, 

-Residence, 

Occupation, 


Date, 


342 







FORMS. 


313 


No. 2. 

FORM OF AN APPLICATION FOR MEMBERSHIP. 

To the Worshipful Master, Officers, and Brethren of 
-Lodge No.- 

The undersigned, entered, passed, and raised in Lodge 

No.-, and late a member of-Lodge No.- 

respectfully prays that he may be admitted a member of 
your worshipful Lodge. 

Recommended by Name, 

-Age, 

- Residence, 

Occupation, 

Rate,- 


No. 3. 


REPORT ON APPLICATION FOR INITIATION AND MEMBER¬ 
SHIP, (OR MEMBERSHIP.) 


To the Worshipful Master, 
-Lodge No.- 


Officers, and Brethren, of 


The committee appointed on the 


day of- 


— to 

make the necessary inquiries relative to-, an ap¬ 

plicant for initiation and membership, (or membership,) 
have performed that duty and beg leave to report that 
they find the petitioner worthy (or, unworthy) of having 
his prayer granted. 

Signed,- 

-> Committee. 

Bate,--) 


Note. —In case an applicant for initiation is disqualified accord¬ 
ing to the 28th section of the Constitution, (title Members ,) the report 
should state the fact, and recommend, that the applicant have leave 
to withdraw his petition. 



















844 


FORMS. 


No. 4. 

FORM OF A PETITION FOR DISPENSATION TO ENTER, PASS, 
AND RAISE. 

To-R. W. Grand Master of Masons in and 

for the State of- 

The petition of-respectfully showeth, 

That your petitioner entertains a high opinion of the 
ancient and honourable Society of Freemasons, and is 
desirous of becoming a member thereof; but being about 
to leave the State, he is unable to wait the usual delays 
required by the By-Laws of a Lodge. Your petitioner 
threfore prays that you will be pleased to grant a dispen¬ 
sation, authorizing him to be entered, passed, and raised 

to the sublime degree of a Master Mason, in - 

Lodge No.-held in- 

And your petitioner as in duty bound will ever 
pray, &c. 

Age, 

Residence, 

Occupation, 

Date, -- 

We, the Officers of-Lodge No. - beg 

leave to recommend the above petitioner to the R. W. 
Grand Master, as a person who, in our opinion is worthy 
of being initiated into the mysteries of our ancient and 
honourable fraternity. 

W. M. 

Granted, S. W. 

-G. M. J. W. 

Date,- 


No. 5. 

FORM OF DISPENSATION TO ENTER, PASS AND RAISE. 

We-R. W. Grand Master of Masons in 

and for the State of- 
















FORMS 


345 


To the W. Master of-Lodge No.- 

Greeting : 

By virtue of the powers and authorities in us vested, 
we do hereby authorize and empower you to enter, pass, 

and raise-in your Lodge, to the sublime 

degree of a Master Mason, it appearing that he is about 
to leave the State, and cannot await the usual delay re¬ 
quired by your By-Laws. If the same meets the appro¬ 
bation of your Lodge, this shall be your sufficient war¬ 
rant for so doing. 

Given under our hand and seal at-this 

-day of-in the year of our Lord 1853, and 

of Masonry 5853. 

Attest, 


G. S. G. M. 


No. 6. 


FORM OF A PETITION FOR A DISPENSATION TO PASS THE 
CHAIR. 

To-B. W. Grand Master of Masons, in 

and for the State of-- 

The petition of-, respectfully showeth 

That your petitioner is a Master Mason and now (or 

late) a member of-Lodge No. -, held 

at-- 

That he is desirous of being further advanced in Ma¬ 
sonry, and therefore prays that you will be pleased to 
grant a dispensation, authorizing his being passed to the 
Chair. 

And your petitioner, as in duty bound will ever 
pray, &c. 


I ate 

















346 


FORMS. 


We the Officers of-Lodge No. -, beg leave 

to recommend the above petitioner to the R. W. Grand 
Master, as a worthy brother, and deserving of the favour 
by him prayed for. 

W. M. 

Granted, S. W. 

J. W. 

--Grand Master, 


No. 7. 


FORM OF A DISPENSATION PASSING THE CHAIR. 

We-R. W. Grand Master of Masons, in 

and for the State of- 

To the W. Master, and Past Masters of-Lodge 

No.- 

Greeting : 

By virtue of the powers and authorities in us vested, 
we do hereby authorize and empower you to pass to the 

chair, brother-a Master Mason, and member 

of -Lodge No.-, who has been duly recom¬ 

mended to us by your Lodge, as worthy thereof, and is 
desirous of being further advanced in Masonry. 

And for so doing, this shall be your sufficient warrant. 

Given under our hand and seal at-this-day 

of-in the year of our Lord 1853, and of Masonry 

5853. 

Attest, Grand Master, 

-G. S. 


When the Grand Master is absent the application will 
be made to the R. W. Deputy, or District Deputy Grand 
Master, acting for &c:, &c. 















FORMS. 


347 


No. 8. 


FORM OF AN APPLICATION FOR THE SECOND DEGREE. 

To the W. Master, Officers, and Brethren of- 

Lodge No.- 

The undersigned who has been regularly entered in 

-Lodge No. -, respectfully prays that he may 

be admitted to further light in Masonry, by being passed 
to the degree of a Fellow Craftsman. 

Recommended by Name, 

- Age, 

- Residence, 

Occupation, 

Date,- 


No. 9. 

FORM OF AN APPLICATION FOR THE THIRD DEGREE. 

To the W. Master, Officers, and Brethren, of --, 

Lodge No.- 

The undersigned who has been regularly entered, and 

passed in-Lodge No.-, respectfully prays that 

he may receive further light in Masonry, by being raised 
to the sublime degree of Master Mason. 

Recommended by Name, 

- Age, 

--- Residence, 

Occupation, 

Date,- 

Note. —The report on above applications, same as No. 3, sub- 
stituting an applicant for the second, (or third,) degree &c., &c. 















348 


FORMS. 


No. 10. 

Form of a recommendation for Grand Lodge Certificate 
to be signed by the Master, and countersigned by the 
Secretary under the seal of the Lodge. 

To-It. W. Grand Master of Masons in and for 

the State of- 

We do hereby certifiy that brother-is a Master 

Mason, and now (or late) a member of-Lodge No. 

-held in-and in good standing ; we therefore 

recommend him as worthy of obtaining a Grand Lodge 
Certificate. 

Witness our hands and the seal of the said Lodge, this 
-day of-A. D. 1853, A. L. 5853. 

W. M. 

[l. s. ] Attest, Sec. 


No. 11. 

FORM OF A GRAND LODGE CERTIFICATE. 

The Grand Lodge of-to all ancient, regular 

free and accepted Masons, throughout the globe, union, 
health, happiness. 

We do hereby certify that the bearer hereof, broth¬ 
er -a member of Lodge No.-under 

our jurisdiction, hath been raised to the sublime 
degree of a Master Mason, and hath performed all 
. his works amongst us, to the entire satisfaction of the 
9 brethren, he is therefore recommended as such. 

ei 

In testimony whereof we have delivered to him 
this certificate . and that the same may not be of use 
to any one else, we have caused him to sign his name 
in the margin, Ne Variatur. 

Given at-the-day of-A. L. 5853. 

G. M. 

S. G. W. 

G. Sec. 












FORMS. 


349 


No. 12. 

TRAVELLING LODGE CERTIFICATE. 

Whereas brother -a Master Mason, and 

^ member of Lodge No:-, held at -, under a 

■s warrant from the R. W. Grand Lodge of-, is 

'£ about to leave the State for a limited time : We, the 
Officers of the said Lodge, grant to him this testimo- 
;> nial of his good standing with the Fraternity; to be 
and continue in force until he returns among us, 
unless sooner revoked. 

Witness our hands and the seal of the Lodge, this 
2 - day of-A. D. 1853, A. L. 5853. 


p 

aJ 

Age, 

W. M. 

P 

eg 

Years, 

S. W. 

CO 

Residence, 

J. W. 


Attest, 

Sec. 


® 03 
Q} t|0 


<o! 

.s 


No. 13. 


LODGE CERTIFICATE. 


Master Mason, and 
- held at - 


Whereas brother -- 1 

late a member of Lodge No. 
under a warrant from the R. W. Grand Lodge of 

-, has regularly withdrawn from the said 

Lodge, and conformed to its By-Laws ; We, the Offi¬ 
cers thereof grant to him this testimonial of his 
conduct as a worthy brother during his continuance 
among us, and recommend him to the favourable 
consideration of the Masonic fraternity. 

Witness our hands and the seal of the Lodge, 

this-day of-A. D.-A. L. 

W. M. 

[ Seal. ] S. W 

J. W. 


Atttest, 


Sec. 


30 
















350 


FORMS. 


No. 14. 

PETITION FOR WARRANT FOR A NEW LODGE. 

To the R. W. Grand Lodge, of Free and accepted 

Masons of the State of-and Masonic jurisdiction 

thereunto belonging. 

We the undersigned, being regular Master Masons, 
formerly members of the Lodges mentioned against our 
respective names, and at this time not members of any 
Lodge, pray for a warrant of constitution, empowering us 

to meet as a regular Lodge, at-to be called-, 

and there to discharge the duties of Masonry in a consti¬ 
tutional manner, according to the forms of the order, and 
the rules and regulations of the Grand Lodge. 

And we have nominated and do recommend brother 

-to be the first Master, brother-to be 

the first Senior Warden, and brother-to be 

the first Junior Warden of the said Lodge. The 
prayer of this petition being gran ed, we promise strict 
conformity to the ancient landmarks of the order, and the 
rules and regulations of the Grand Lodge. 

Recommendation by three or more well known and approv¬ 
ed Master Masons. 

We recommend, that the prayer of the above petition 
be granted. 

RECOMMENDATION OF THE NEAREST LODGE. 

At a meeting of Lodge No. -held at-on 

the-day of- A. D. -A. L.- 

On motion made and seconded : Resolved, that the 
above petition be recommended to the favourable con¬ 
sideration of the R. W. Grand Lodge. 

W. M. 


(Seal.) 


Attest. 


Sec. 












FORMS. 


351 


No. 15. 

WARRANT FOR A NEW LODGE. 

-Grand Master 

-Deputy Grand Master, 

-Senior Grand Warden, 

-Junior Grand Warden, 

To all whom it may concern : 

The Grand Lodge of-, and Masonic jurisdiction 

thereunto belonging : 

WISDOM, STRENGTH, BEAUTY. 

Know ye, that we, the said Grand Lodge of the most 
ancient and honourable fraternity of Free and accepted 
Masons (according to the old constitutions, revived by 
his royal highness, Prince Edwin, at York, in the king¬ 
dom of England, in the year of the Christian era nine 
hundred twenty and six, and the year of Masonry four 
thousand nine hundred twenty and six,) by virtue of the 
powers and authorities vested in us, do hereby constitute 

and appoint our worthy and well beloved brethren-, 

Worshipful Master,-Senior Warden, and 

--- Junior Warden of a lodge, to be called 

- } number -, to be held-, or within 

five miles of the same. And we do further authorize and 
empower our said worthy and well beloved brethren 

-to admit and make Freemasons according to 

the most ancient and honourable custom of the royal 
craft in all ages and nations throughout the known world, 
and not contrarywise. And we do further empower and 

appoint the said-and their successors to hear 

and determine all and singular matters and things relating 
to the craft, within the jurisdiction of the said lodge. And 
lastly, we do hereby authorize and empower our said trusty 
and well beloved brethren-to instal their suc¬ 

cessors, being first duly elected and chosen, to whom 
they shall deliver this warrant, and to invest them with 
















352 


FORMS. 


all the powers and dignities to their offices respectively 
belonging, and such successors shall in like manner, from 
time to time, instal their successors, &c., &c., &c. Such 
installation to be upon or near St. John the Evangelist’s 
day, during the continuance of this lodge, for ever. 
Provided always, that the said above named brethren and 
their successors pay due respect to the right worshipful 
Grand Lodge, and the ordinances thereof, otherwise this 
warrant to be of no force or effect. 

Given in open Grand Lodge, under the hands of our 
right worshipful grand officers, and the seal of our Grand 

Lodge, at-this-day of-, A. D. - 

A. L.- 

(Seal.) G. S. 

Attest, G. T. 


No. 16 

FORM OF COMMISSION FOR A PROXY. 

To Brother-a Past Master Mason and member 

of Lodge No. -, under the jurisdiction of the R. W. 

Grand Lodge of- 

At a stated meeting of-Lodge No. -, held 

at-on the -day of -, A. D. 18— A. L. 

58—, you were appointed the representative of this 

Lodge, in the said R. W. Grand Lodge of- 

Witness our hands and the seal of the Lodge, this- 

day of-, A. D. 18 —, A. L. 58—. 

(Seal.) 

Attest, 

See. 

















General Returns from 'Lodge No. Ancient York Masons , held under the authority of the Right Wor - 

_ shipful Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania, from 18 to J 8 


F OEMS 


353 


l dSpo r 


>• 

<5 

5 * 

» 

55 

55 

55 


I 

& 

c 

9 

9 

4 

8 

6 

or 


•: -ssnp 

IfBiO 'IB 

•suoriBiuaj 

*5 

55 
55 
55 
55 
55 
5* 

5) 


sqiuoui i[ siaquiaui 


l ~ w ^ W •* VJ <| JUVI 

ud sjttoo jb sanp jo itmooov 


For particulars 
see below. 


a 

* 

73 

4) 


CO 

a 

o 

o 

to 

■J 

43 

bo 

73 

O 

4 ) 

JS 


*T3 

4) 


s 

73 

CtJ 


73 

<u 

to 

rt 

0 ) 

o 

4 > 

73 


73 

o. 

4 ) 

73 

4 > 

73 

53 

a 

(O 

3 

to 

4 ) 


O 


73 

o 


£ :s 


bp 

to 

4 ) 


3 —; 


<D 

s 

4) 

s 

o 

t-. 

4 ) 

3 

s 

3 
3 

4? r3 

sz 73 

H 


4) 

3 

O" 

4 ) 

to 

S 

3 

to 

4 ) 

to 

O 


4 ) 

3 

a* 

4) 
to 
S 
3 
to 

03 
to 
O 

♦-» 

*-* GQ 

O 4) 

3 > 

73 3 

4) 4) 

Q J 


< 

CL 


Members 

deceased, 

when, 


Members 

j withdrawn 

when. 


Members 

expelled, 

when. 


W 1 

Candidates 

rejected, 

When. 


When 

Raised. 


When 

Passed. 


*- 

When 

Initiated. 


Degrees. 


When 

Admitted. 


Residence. 


4> 

to 

<? 


Profession. 


1 
a 

2 

30 

* 


3 

4) 

73 

u. 

rf 

£ 

1 - 

O 

3 


° 3 
4 ; <s>j C. ^ 

to Is "5 

'0**4) 

C p i- s. 

•J.2 <=-° 

* > -5 

* >" « 

5 S-S 

O < .SP 3 
-g .°5 d 
-H * „ > 
;S-§- 5 .§ 

— 3 

._ 4) 

.3 4) -3 
3 bp~ 

o^T 
^ 4) 


'2; * 5 

o~ 




3 

73 . 

O 
£ 
4) 

2 so 
*£ 73 
o 

hJ 


as £ 

CO 


4) 

73 

i-m 

3 

£ 

t- 

O 

£ 

53 

7} 


3 

C. 


s £ j £ .73 

bcc:!: 

^ 3 sc ^ 

0 73 J « as 

,r-» 3 g > ~ 

^ E ~ O ~ ^ 

d o ~ -C _Q 

2 * « ° o 

. bo >. - 

<C c « “ o 
•'£ 'o * bo 

e S x o 

%0-SJ 

x 4 c = 5 3 s 

« o 13 — -^ a 

*“ ^ 73 «y cO 

4 - ^ 4) — 7. 
j- ,2 D -Cl) 

o 0 

”0 t» — p r ■ 

- 5 s-=g® 

5 c § £ 2 g 
* 53 o 13 * * 

SSS = *J{ 
,»« ; - 
= « 5^ 


^.S-S 

O c -a, 


o 


4) 


: rs 
V 


£ ^ 
o s 


c 

.< 


o'a « „ ^ 

~ c-s 4) BJ 
r « - > o 
- 5 ® -a 

U “ ■— > -! 


? 
3 
« 
3 

D 

> 

O 

A 

rf 

^•r 

o 

il 

o ^ 

■J §• 

'ta 

C a 

£ S 
S 2 

W a 
a 
S 

rt 


O. 

o 


— 3 
O 73 


V 

Pi '3 ^ 

•• 4 < 

c O 0 

. - 2»>-S3 

el 'S ■• £ “ >» 

4) , - 73 n 4) G 

r J-ocei)«Hj:C 

ss®r s 

g).a|^«s* 

bo 6. —* o 

O _ g S SC = ® 
j 2 c E "a 3 *** 

® “ C 1) . 

*g £ o ”§ J 5 - 

" w d 

o< 


GO 


bu 

T3 

3 

aj 

^3 

O 

■3 

*0 

9 

03 

B 

G 

o 

g 

.3 
►—1 
I 


« S- c £ 


.5 •- 

^ o " P ~ c — 1 


. . o - S 

— JC 4) eg Q 

3 £ *5 40 

■’ ■ ^ w to 


R c2 


r-» •*- — f/J X) '1 

4) t C.,0 be 4) U M 4) 

j 5 a c — S ^ ^ 

*" «« ®u r-pf 4) 
oOO — — ^ ^ —* 


o go 1-5.50 

1 kS |£| 15 | 

o .-3 ,tiga 

4 ) a O n_4)-p al 
rj ^ bo a) * 

SS c >.s 

r^- OS J 23 ~ CO 

erj f-H 

i 5 ls d 

53 *" £ « 

Sm.= C ? < 


W 
















































No. 18. 

General Returns from Lodge No. Ancient York Masons, held under the authority of the Right Wor 

shipful Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania, from the '21th December, 18 to the '21th December, 18 


351 


FORMS 



w *T3 - 

►" flJ c 

.8 rtJJ 

£ t% 

0 ) <XJ * 


s 

<u 

hO 

o 

Q 


T3 

c <u 
£2 
£ s 
<1 


0) 

O 

c 

•u 

£ 

CC 


o> 

bo 

<3 


o 

E 

Ph 


8 

S 

cd 

£ 


Members 

withdrawn 

when. 


Members 

expelled, 

when. 


Candidates 

rejected, 

When. 

_t 


i 

When 

Raised. 


When 

Passed. 


When 

Initiated. 



c 

03 

>- 

cd 


o 

13 


h-. 

03 

'o 21® S 

C — >- 

►J.2 

CT. 

CO ^ 

5 S - S 

‘-'or, cfl 

0<t-.SPs 

— .C2 03 

3*3 

.5 5 „ 

^ C bo~ 

> 7'§'o 
£ j ^ 


03 

HD 


03 


K 

»- 

o 


o 

& 

03 

bO 

"3 

O 


rC 

bo 


O 

cS 2 

ry — Q0 

^ 53 


03 

T3 

i— 

c3 

£ 

o 


SgfrSs 

o'3 

03 ^3 » J CO fl3 

-3 C P S u 


PS 


2 >. 


03 


o 

03 £ 

03 


5 £ o ~ 03 

£ O 

bO>> . w 
c 53 - 13 

. # r ns r -A bo 

~ I « ~ 

-C 


X o 


>> 

03 


„ S - 2 H 

& « g " xs 

*- ^ ^3 — </> 

2 J £ 13 sc d 

£ _53 

° 0 ^ ^ ^ 
^ 2 ° ol>^ 


&> 


i- 

03 

*-* 

«3 


3 

%_ 

_Ch 

IS 

•/. 

— 

o 

£ 


_O' 

s 03 

3 £ 03 03 
„ u O * 2 O) 
2 03 03 03 W3 «« 
fc— 9 — C/? 13 

* 5*55 
_ 2 S 
-r S 5 a 

2 c-c 03 a 

9 * ~ o 

03 =•" 


CO 1; 

z: 2 D 
o a 

to = 


1 = 
>- 


® 3 


03 

03 


£ * Z ^ 
*- O 33 

EH > — - 

to o 


* 2 
^ 

rt So^' 
e s 

53 
*T3 

C 73 


_ O 
3 to v- 
*- ” 03 


£ * 

^ 03 ^ 

Z ~ >» 
£ 


s- 03 
O ^ 


03 


- - T3 
03 .X w 

bo ^ ? - 

'g rt Si)S oo 

j*- 

o; a 3 c ^ 

oSo'i^l^ 

or — X O 
° 00 Sj OJ r/ ? 
X 


03 a 


<» > 53 


03 

-C 


»- d) r* — ' , 

"J bo c ^ 03 £ S 

So £ r"*— o 

_ bo 03 55 - 

-'a 03 3= « ° o S 

^ 5: ^ W « g 

c £ £^‘§ £ 

Jl 03 > S*r ^ ^ 

5 « s’S =- 5 

2 -5 be-o 2 

o .xi , o E s 
jj - ~ - ~ 

W 

m 

03 
03 

e 

o 


» w C 

J Q cJSw s 

r* M bO d in 

^ f ■ * tK \ 


53 T3 

^'5 

w /II 

— 03 


*e 

c 

"1 


>p~ 

s c CO 

73 ^ i 


i— Q> 
” }- 


^ ♦”* 5 ^ fl\ 

o> ^ *z £ 


-• 


Q 

< 


Attest. Secretary of Lodge No. 

Kote «—It is recommended to the Lodge to preserve among its records a Duplicate of the above Returns. 














































FORMS 


355 


No. 19. 

form of a Register of Members and Officers recommended to be 

kept by every Lodge , 


3 

***0 


^0 

o 


lO 


TS 

^ s 


V. 

cs 


“T3 

S 

JS 

£ 

HO 

HO 

<3 

V- 

s 

<u 

O 

<u 


HO 

co 

Q 


<0 


Remarts. 


Dues. 


•Saiumuraa 


•pagBag 

• 

•pojjnupy 


•pO^IJIUI 


UCO.f 

joSaioniBoq sjsq 
•uioui jo asquint 


Treasurer. 

✓ 

Secretary. 


Junior War¬ 
den. 


Senior War¬ 
den 

N 

Worshipful 

Master. 


1 Day of Elec¬ 
tion. 















































856 


FORMS. 


GO 


fciO 

s: 

o 

s 

£ 

c 


r> 

-i<3 

u 

rt 

s 

CJ 

p: 


o 

*0 

C 

rt 

C 

V 

.C 

* 

-o' 

O) 

i 

OJ 

CJ 


*r» 

OJ 

V) 

« 

p« 


*T3 

O 

V3 

w 

a 

P< 


*T3 

aj 


o 

t 

H 

CJ 

c 


6 


C' 

Cc 


<o 

•OH 

so 


5^ 

**o 

C$ 

• «•». 

* 


aj 

<y 

c 

0} 

_"2 

cr, 

4) 

ci 


4J 

bl. 

<; 


<£ 

o 

u 

p- 


4) 

E 

rt 

& 




































FORMS. 


357 


No. 20. 

FORM OF A DISPENSATION TO CONSTITUTE A LODGE; 

AND RETURN THERETO. 

We-Esq., R. W. Grand Master of 

Masons, in and for the State of-and Ma¬ 

sonic jurisdiction thereunto belonging : 

To our Worthy Brother,- 

Greeting: 

Reposing the greatest confidence in your zeal, fervour, 
and constancy in the craft, we do, by virtue of the pow¬ 
ers and authorities in us vested, * hereby authorise and 
empower you to call to your assistance a sufficient num¬ 
ber of known and approved past master masons, in 

to open aud con¬ 
stitute a new lodge, to be held there ; and to proceed to 
the installation of our worthy brother, 

master elect, and others, the officers of a 
new lodge, there to be established and constituted, to be 
called and known by the name of Num¬ 
ber - 9 according to the most ancient and honourable 

custom of the royal craft, in all ages, and amongst all 
nations in the known world, and not contrarywise : And 
make report to us, hereunto annexed, of your pro¬ 
ceedings. 

This dispensation to remain in force for-months? 

from the date hereof, and no longer. 

Given under our hand and Seal, at 
in the State of- this-day of-, A. I>. 

-A. L. 


Attest, 


G. Sect. 










,058 


FORMS. 


I do hereby report, That in pursuance of the powers 

deputed in the above dispensation, on the- day of 

-A. D. -, A. L. -in conjunction with a 

sufficient number of known and approved past master 

masons, I did open and constitute the lodge called- 

No.-and instal the officers thereof, according to 

ancient usage and form. 

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand at 

-this-day of-A. D. -A. L. - 

To-, Esq., 

R. W. Grand Master, &c., &c. 


No. 21. 

DEPUTATION TO A PAST MASTER TO ISSUE DISPENSATIONS 
TO ENTER, PASS, AND RAISE, AND TO PASS THE CHAIR. 

We-Esq., R. W. Grand Master of Ma¬ 
sons, in and for the State of-and masonic 

jurisdiction thereunto belonging: 

To our worthy and respected brother-a past 

master mason, and member of lodge No.-held in 

the-under the jurisdiction of our R. W. grand 

lodge : 

Reposing the greatest confidence in your zeal, fervour, 
and constancy in the craft: We do by virtue of the pow¬ 
ers and authorities in us vested, hereby authorise and 

empower you the said-in the name of our 

R. W. grand master of our R. W. grand lodge, to grant 
dispensations in cases of emergency, for entering, pass¬ 
ing, and raising persons to the Sublime degree of a mas¬ 
ter mason, and also for passing master masons to the 
chair, in any of the lodges now held, which may, or here¬ 
after be constituted under the jurisdiction of our R. W. 
grand lodge in the said- 

And that you make due and regular returns quarterly 





















FORMS. 


359 


to us, or to our successor in office, of your proceedings 
in the premises; And also that you transmit with your 
said returns, the price of each dispensation you shall so 
grant, being ten dollars for a dispensation to enter, pass, 
and raise, and five dollars for a dispensation to pass the 
chair: This power and authority to be, and continue in 
force, until revoked by us, or by our successor in office. 

Given under our hand and Seal at-this- 

day of - in the year of our Lord 18—, and of ma¬ 

sonry 58—„ 

(Seal.} G. jVL 

Attest, G. See. 


No. 22. 

DISPENSATION TO A LODGE TO CONTINUE ITS LABOURS, 
AFTER THE DESTRUCTION OR LOSS OF ITS WARRANT. 

We-Esq., right worshipful Grand Mas¬ 
ter of masons, in and for the State of-and ma¬ 

sonic jurisdiction thereunto belonging: 

To the worshipful master, wardens, and members of 

-lodge No. -held in 

Greeting. 

Whereas our right worshipful grand lodge, by warrant 
under the hands of the then It. W. grand officers, and 

seal of the It. W. grand lodge, bearing date, the - 

day of -in the year of our Lord, one thousand- 

hundred and-, and of masonry, five thousand 

-hundred and-, and recorded, in the book 

of warrants, -page,-authorised the holding of a 

lodge under their jurisdiction, in-or within five 

miles thereof, to be called-No.-which 

lodge was duly constituted on the-and the la¬ 

bours thereof carried on agreeably to the ancient land 
marks, so far as our R. W: grand lodg;. has information 
of the same. 




















360 


FORMS. 


And whereas, it has been represented to us, that the 
said warrant has been- 

Now therefore, by virtue of the powers and authorities 
in us vested, we do hereby authorise, empower, and re¬ 
quest you, the present, and succeeding worshipful master, 

wardens, and members of the said lodge No.- to 

continue your masonic labours, in the same full and com¬ 
plete manner, to all intents and purposes,,as you could, 
or might legally have done, if your said warrant had not 

been-and was still in existence, agreeably to 

all the usages, rules and regulations of the ancient craft, 
and especially of our R. W. grand lodge, and not con¬ 
trary wise. 

This dispensation to continue in force until the next 
grand communication of our said R. W. grand lodge, and 
until her pleasure in the premises shall have been made 
known to you. 

Given under our hand and Seal, at-this- 

day of-, A. D. 18 —, A. L. 58 —. 

(Seal.) G. M. 

Attest* G. Sec. 


No. 23. 


DISPENSATION TO ENABLE A LODGE TO FORM A 
PROCESSION. 

We-Esq., right worshipful grand master 

of masons, in and for the State of-and masonic 

jurisdiction thereunto belonging : 

To the worshipful master of lodge-*-No.- 

held in- 

Greeting. 

Whereas your worshipful lodge has prayed us for per¬ 
mission to form a masonic procession, and attend divine 

the- 


service on 
















FORMS. 


361 


being 


’ St. John the Baptist’s day, 

St. John the Evangelist’s day, 

The day appointed for opening and consecrating 
the new lodge room, 

The day appointed by the President of the 
United States, as a day of Humiliation 
and Prayer, 

Ditto, as a day of Thanksgiving. 


Therefore, by virtue of the powers and authorities in 
us vested, we do hereby authorise you to form a masonic 
procession of the members of your lodge, and other an¬ 
cient York masons, of full standing, for the purpose afore¬ 
said, at--on -the - 

And for so doing this shall be your sufficient warrant. 

Given under our hand and seal, at-this 

-day of -in the year of our Lord, One thou¬ 
sand eight hundred and-, and of masonry, Five 

thousand eight hundred and-. 

(Seal.) G. M. 

Attest, G. Sec. 


No. 24. 

FORM OF SPECIAL ELECTION RETURNS. 

X -worshipful master of Lodge No.- 

Ancient York Masons, held-under the authority 

of the right worshipful grand lodge of-, do 

hereby certify to the said right worshipful grand lodge, 
that at an election held in virtue of a dispensation from 

the-- on the-day of -A. D. 18—, the 

following brethren were duly elected officers of the said 

31 



















362 


FORMS. 


lodge, for the remainder of the term ending on St. John’s 
day in-18 

W. M, 

S. W. 

J. W. 

s. 

T. 

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand, 
and caused the seal of the said lodge to he affixed, at 
-the-day of -A. D. 18-A. L. 

58 - 

Master of Lodge, No.- 

Attest, Secretary of Lodge, No. — 


No. 25. 

COMMISSION TO A BROTHER TO VISIT FOREIGN GRAND 
LODGES, AND LODGES. 

To the right worshipful, and worshipful, the Grand 
Lodges, and Lodges of the most ancient and honourable 
fraternity of free and accepted masons in the two hemis¬ 
pheres : 

We-grand master of masons, in and for the 

State of-and masonic jurisdiction thereunto 

belonging, 

Send Greeting, 

HEALTH, STABILITY, AND HAPPINESS. 

Whereas, it is the intention of our worthy and res¬ 
pectable brother,-of the - a member of 

Lodge No. -under our jurisdiction, and of our grand 

Lodge, to travel into,- 

We have therefore, in order to promote as far as in us 
lies, a brotherly communication with the different lodges, 
in the —-, do hereby request, and 
















FORMS. 


363 


require our said brother, - to visit the 

grand, and subordinate lodges of ancient masons in the 

different-, through which he may travel, 

and producing these, our credentials, to assure them of 
our most fraternal regards, and of our dispositions to 
cultivate a mutual correspondence, and to give to said 
grand lodge, lodges, or brethren, such information as may 
be requisite concerning the state of the craft with us, 
conceiving that it will manifestly tend to promote order, 
harmony, and reciprocal affection over the globe. Not 
doubting but, that this our brother, will meet all due at¬ 
tention wherever he shall make himself known, and 
promising all due respect and attention to foreign breth¬ 
ren, in like manner, recommended to us, we have caused 
him to sign his name in his usual signature, in the mar¬ 
gin hereof, ne variatier , and herewith we commit him to 
the protection of the Great Architect of the Universe. 

Given under our hand, and the Seal of our grand 

lodge, at-this-day of -in the year of 

our Lord, One thousand eight hundred and-and 

of masonry Five thousand eight hundred and- 

[L. S] 

[G. M.] G. M. 

Attestation, G. Sec. 


No. 26. 

DEPUTATION TO VISIT LODGES. 

We-right worshipful Grand Master of Ma¬ 
sons, in and for the State of-, and masonic ju¬ 

risdiction thereunto belonging: 

To the worshipful masters, wardens, and brethren of 
all the Lodges held in the- 

Greeting: 












364 


FORMS. 


By virtue of the powers and authorities in us vested, 
we do hereby authorise, empower, and request our faith¬ 
ful and beloved brother,-a past master 

mason, and member of Lodge No. -under the juris¬ 

diction of our It. W. Grand Lodge, in our name and be¬ 
half, to visit all the said worshipful lodges, to examine 
and inquire into their state and proceedings, and to make 
report thereon. 

Also, in our name, and on our behalf, to deliver to the 
said lodges, respectful, affectionate, and brotherly ad¬ 
dresses : recommending harmony and union amongst the 
brethren, and the strictest adherence to the true and 
acknowledged principles of ancient masonry. And also, 
for the purposes aforesaid to congregate the worshipful 
masters, wardens, and brethren of the said lodges, at 
such times and places, and within the limits of the res¬ 
pective lodges, as to him shall appear fit.—This au¬ 
thority to continue in force for the term of- 

months, from the date of these presents, and no longer. 

Given under our hand and seal, at-this_ 

day of -, in the year of our Lord, 18—. A. L. 58—. 

[L. S.] 

[G. M.] G. M. 

Attest, G. Sec. 


No. 27. 

FORM OF A COMMISSION, TO A DISTRICT DEPUTY 
GRAND MASTER. 

We-right worshipful Grand Master of Ma¬ 
sons, in and for the State of-and masonic juris¬ 

diction thereunto belonging: 

To our trusty and and well beloved brother,- 

-a past master mason, and a member of- 














FORMS. 


3C5 


-under the jurisdiction of our right worshipful 

grand Lodge : 

WISDOM. STRENGTH. FRATERNITY. 

Reposing the greatest confidence in your zeal, fervour, 
and skill in the masonic art, we do, by virtue and in pur¬ 
suance of the powers and authorities in us vested, hereby 
nominate, constitute and appoint you, our said beloved 
brother,-our district deputy grand mas¬ 
ter, in and for the masonic district of-com¬ 

prising the following counties, to wit: 

And we do hereby invest you with the rank and dig¬ 
nity of a district deputy grand master, of our said right 
worshipful grand lodge ; and we do hereby authorise and 
empower you, in the name of our said right worshipful 
grand lodge, to visit respectively all the worshipful 
lodges now constituted, or which may hereafter be con¬ 
stituted within the said district, as often as may be con¬ 
venient, or you may judge necessary; to inspect their 
labours, and examine and inquire into the state of the 
said lodges and their proceedings, and to give them all 
due masonic advice and instruction. Also, in our name 
and in our behalf to deliver to the said lodges, respectful, 
affectionate, and brotherly addresses, recommending har¬ 
mony and union among the brethren, and the strictest 
adherence to the true and acknowledged principles of 
ancient masonry. And also, for the purposes aforesaid, 
to congregate and assemble together severally the wor¬ 
shipful masters, wardens, and brethren of the said lodges, 
at their respective places of meetings, and at such times 
as to you shall appear fit. 

And we do further authorise and empower you, in the 
name of the right worshipful grand master of our said 
right worshipful grand lodge, to grant dispensations to 
enter, pass, and raise persons to the degree of master 
mason, and for passing brethren to the chair in any of the 
lodges now constituted, or hereafter to be constituted 





366 


FORMS. 


within the said district. And that you annually make 
report to our right worshipful grand lodge, your proceed¬ 
ings in the premises. This power and authority to be 
and continue in force, during our continuance in office, 
unless sooner superseded or revoked, hereby revoking all 
former commissions that may have issued from us, or any 
of our predecessors in office, to any person, or persons, 
vesting in them the like powers and authority within the 
said district. 

Given under our hand and seal, at-in- 

this-day of-in the year of our Lord, 

18-, A. L. 58-. 


G. M. 

Attest, G. Sec. 


No. 28. 

COMMISSION TO GRAND LECTURER. 

YV e-right worshipful Grand Master of Ma¬ 
sons, in and for the State of-and masonic 

jurisdiction thereunto belonging : 

To our trusty and well beloved brother,- 

a past master mason, and member of Lodge, No.- 

held in-under the jurisdiction of- 

Reposing especial confidence in your zeal, fervour, and 
skill in the masonic art, we do hereby nominate, con¬ 
stitute and appoint you grand lecturer, and we do hereby 
authorise and direct you forthwith to visit all the wor¬ 
shipful lodges now constituted within the- 

and examine and inquire into the state of the said lodges, 
and their proceedings; and to give them all due masonic 
advice and instruction, strictly adhering to the true and 
















FORMS. 


367 


acknowledged principles of ancient masonry : That you 
make report to our R. W. grand lodge, of your proceed¬ 
ings in the premises immediately on the discharge of the 
duties hereby enjoined on you; and, that then this power 
and authority cease. 

Given under our hand and seal at-this 

-day of -in the year of our Lord, 18 -. 


A. L. 58-. 


[h. S.] 
[G. M.] 


Attest, 


G. M. 
G. Sec. 



HISTORY OF FREE MASONRY 


IN 

AMERICA. 


Free Masons’ lodges in America, are of recent date. 
Upon application of a number of brethren, residing in Bos¬ 
ton, a warrant was granted by the right honourable and most 
worshipful Anthony, Lord Viscount Montague, Grand Mas¬ 
ter of Masons in England, dated 30th of April, 1733, 
appointing the right worshipful Henry Price, Grand Master 
of North America, with full power and authority to appoint 
his deputy, and other Masonic officers necessary for form¬ 
ing a Grand Lodge ; and also to constitute lodges of free 
and accepted Masons, as often as occasion should require. 

In consequence of this commission, the Grand Master 
opened a Grand Lodge in Boston,* on the 30th July, 1733, 
in due form, and appointed the right worshipful Andrew 
Belcher, Deputy Grand Master, the worshipful Thomas 
Kennedy and John Quann, Grand Wardens. 

The Grand Lodge being thus organized, under the desig¬ 
nation of St. John’s Grand Lodge , proceeded to grant 
warrants for instituting regular lodges in various parts of 
America; and from this Grand Lodge, originated the first 
lodges in Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, 
Connecticut, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Maryland, Vir¬ 
ginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Barbadoes, Antigua, 
Newfoundland, Louisburg, Nova Scotia, Quebec, Surinam, 
and St. Christopher’s. 


Sometimes called “The Grai.d Lodge of modern Masons , M 

368 


HISTORY OF FREE MASONRY. 


369 


In 1775, hostilities commenced between Great Britain 
and America. Boston became a garrison, and was aban¬ 
doned by many of its former inhabitants. The regular 
meetings of the Grand Lodges were terminated, and the 
brethren of St. John’s Grand Lodge held no assembly until 
after the re-establishment of peace. 

There was at that time also a Grand Lodge holden at 
Boston, upon the ancient establishment, under the designa¬ 
tion of “ The Massachusetts Grand Lodge,” v/hich origi¬ 
nated as follows : 

In 1755, a number of brethren residing in Boston, who 
were ancient Masons, in consequence of a petition to the 
Grand Lodge of Scotland, received a deputation, dated 
Nov. 30, 1752, from Sholto Charles Douglas, Lord Aber- 
dour , then Grand Master, constituting them a regular lodge, 
under the title of St. Andrew's Lodge , No. 82, to be 
holden at Boston. 

This establishment was discouraged and opposed by the 
St. John’s Grand Lodge, who thought their privileges in¬ 
fringed by the Grand Lodge of Scotland; they therefore 
refused to have any intercourse with St. Andrew’s Lodge 
for several years. 

The prosperous state of St. Andrew’s Lodge soon led its 
members to make great exertions for the establishment of 
an ancient Grand Lodge in America, which was soon 
effected in Boston, by the assistance of travelling lodges, 
belonging 1 to the British army, who were stationed there. 

1769, Dec. 27. The festival of the evangelists was cele¬ 
brated in due form. When the brethren were assembled, a 
commission from the right honourable and most worshipful 
George, Earl of Dalhouse, Grand Master of Masons in 
Scotland, dated the 30th of May, 1769, appointing Joseph 
Warren to be Grand Master of Masons in Boston, and 
within one hundred miles of the same, was read, and he 
was, according to ancient usage, duly installed into that 


870 


HISTORY OF FREE MASONRY. 


office. The Grand Master then appointed and installed the 
other grand officers, and the Grand Lodge was at this time 
completely organized. 

Between this period and the year 1791, this Grand Lodge 
granted warrants of constitution for lodges to be holden in 
Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Connecticut, Vermont, 
and New York. 

In the year 1773, a commission was received from the 
right honourable and most worshipful Patrick, Earl of 
Dumfries, Grand Master of Masons in Scotland, dated 
March 3, 1772, appointing the right worshipful Joseph 
Warren, Esq. Grand Master of Masons for the Continent 
of America . 

In 1775, the meetings of the Grand Lodge were sus- 
pended, by the town of Boston becoming a garrison. 

At the battle of Bunker’s Hill, on the 27th June, this 
year, Masonry and the Grand Lodge met with a heavy loss, 
in the death of Grand Master Warren, who was slain con¬ 
tending for the liberties of his country. 

Soon after the evacuation of Boston by the British army, 
and previous to any regular communication , the brethren, 
influenced by a pious regard to the memory of the late 
Grand Master, were induced to search for his body, which 
had been rudely and indiscriminately buried in the field of 
slaughter. They accordingly repaired to the place, and, by 
direction of a person who was on the ground at the time 
of his burial, a spot was found where the earth had been 
recently turned up. Upon moving the turf, and opening 
the grave, which was on the brow of a hill, and adjacent 
to a small cluster of sprigs, the remains were discovered, in 
a mangled condition, but were easily ascertained;* and 
being decently raised, were conveyed to the state house in 
Boston: from whence, by a large and respectable number 


By an artificial tooth. 


HISTORY OR FREE MASONRY. 


371 


of brethren, with the late grand officers, attending in pro* 
cession, they were carried to the stone chapel where an 
animated eulogium was delivered by brother Perez Morton. 
'Phe body was then deposited in the silent vault, “ without 
a sculptured stone to mark the spot; but, as the whole earth 
is the sepulchre of illustrious men, his fame, his glorious 
actions, are engraven on the tablet of universal remem¬ 
brance, and will survive marble monuments or local inscrip¬ 
tions.” 

1777, March 8. The brethren, who had been dispersed 
in consequence of the war, being now generally collected* 
they assembled to take into consideration the state of 
Masonry.* Being deprived of their chief by the melan¬ 
choly death of their Grand Master, as before mentioned, 
after due consideration they proceeded to the formation of 
a Grand Lodge, and elected and installed the most worship¬ 
ful Joseph Webb, their Grand Master. 

1783, January 3. A committee was appointed to draft 
resolutions explanatory of the power and authority of this 
Grand Lodge. On the 24th June following, the committee 
reported as follows, viz : 

“ The committee appointed to take into consideration the 
conduct of those brethren who assume the powers and pre¬ 
rogatives of a Grand J^odge, on the ancient establishment 
in this place, and examine the extent of their authority and 
jurisdiction, together with the powers of any other ancient 
Masonic institution within the same, beg leave to report the 
result of their examination, founded on the following facts, 
viz: 

“ That the commission from the Grand Lodge of Scot¬ 
land, granted to our late Grand Master, Joseph Warren, 
Esq., having died with him, of course his Deputy, whose 
appointment was derived from his nomination, being no 
longer in existence, they saw themselves without a head, 
and without a single grand officer; and of consequence it 


372 


HISTORY OF FUEL MASONRY. 


was evident, that not only the Grand Lodge, but all the 
particular lodges under its jurisdiction, must cease to assem¬ 
ble, the brethren be dispersed, the pennyless go unassisted, 
the craft languish, and ancient Masonry be extinct in this 
part of the world. 

“That inconsequence of a summons from the former 
Grand officers to the Masters and Wardens of all the regular 
constituted lodges, a grand communication was held, to 
consult and advise on some means to preserve the inter¬ 
course of the brethren. 

“ That the political head of this country having destroyed 
this connexion and correspondence between the subjects of 
these states and the country from which the Grand Lodge 
originally derived its commissioned authority, and the prin¬ 
ciples of the craft inculcated on its professors submission to 
the commands of the civil authority of the country they 
reside in; the brethren did assume an elective supremacy, 
and under it chose a Grand Master and Grand officers, and 
erected a Grand Lodge, with independent powers and pro¬ 
rogates, to be exercised however on principles consistent 
with, and subordinate to the regulations pointed out in the 
constitutions of ancient Masonry. 

“ That the reputation and utility of the e*aft, under 
their jurisdiction, has been more extensively diffused, by 
the flourishing state of fourteen lodges constituted by their 
authority, within a shorter period than that in which three 
only received dispensations under the former Grand Lodge. 

“ That in the history of our craft we find, that in Eng¬ 
land there are two Grand Lodges independent of each other; 
in Scotland the same; and in Ireland their Grand Lodge 
and Grand Master are independent either of England or 
Scotland. It is clear that the authority of some of their 
Grand Lodges originated in assumption ; or, otherwise, they 
would acknowledga the head from whence they derived. 

“Your committee are therefore of opinion, that the 


HISTORY OF FREE MASONRY. 


373 


doings of the present Grand Lodge were dictated by princi 
pies of the clearest necessity, founded in the highest reason, 
and warranted by precedents of the most approved autho¬ 
rity.” 

This report was accepted, and corresponding resolutions 
entered into by the Grand Lodge, and recorded. 

1791, Dec. 5.—A committee was appointed, agreeably to 
a vote of the 2d of March, 1797, “ to confer with the officers 
of St. John’s Grand Lodge, upon the subject of a complete 
Masonic union throughout this commonwealth.” 

On the 5th of March, 1792, the committee brought in. 
their report, and presented a copy of the laws and consti¬ 
tution for associating and uniting the two Grand Lodges, as 
agreed to by St. John’s Grand Lodge, which being read and 
deliberately considered, was unanimously approved of. 

1792, June 19.—The officers and members of the two 
Grand Lodges met in conjunction, agreeable to previous 
arrangements, and installed the most worshipful John Cutler 
Grand Master; and resolved, “That this Grand Lodge, 
organized as aforesaid, shall for ever hereafter be known by 
he name of The Grand Lodge of the Most Ancient and 
Honourable Society of Free and Accepted Masons for the 
Commonwealth of Massachusetts .” 

In addition to the powers vested by charter in the two 
Grand Lodges before mentioned, for instituting subordinate 
lodges, the Grand Lodge of England appointed provincial 
Grand Masters in several of the states, and invested them 
also with authority to grant warrants for holding lodges. 

The revolution which separated the American States from 
the government of the mother country, also exonerated the 
American lodges from their allegiance to foreign Grand 
Lodges; because the principles of Masonry inculcate obe¬ 
dience to the governments under which we live. The lodges 
in the several states, therefore, after the termination of the 
war, resorted to the proper and necessary means of forming 

32 


374 


HISTORY OF FREE MASONRY. 


and establishing independent Grand Lodges, for the govern 
nent of the fraternity in their respective jurisdictions. 

Free Masonry owes its introduction in Pennsylvania to 
Benjamin Franklin. On the 24th of June, 1734, a warrant 
was granted by the Grand Lodge of Massachusetts, for 
holding a lodge in Philadelphia, and appointing him the first 
Master. He cultivated Masonry with great zeal, and his 
partiality suffered no diminution during his long and illus¬ 
trious life. 

The Grand Lodge of England granted a grand warrant, 
.bearing date the 20th June, A. L. 5764, to the M. W. William 
Bell and others, authorizing them to form and hold a 

GRAND LODGE FOR THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 

The Grand officers, together with the officers and repre¬ 
sentatives of a number of regular lodges under their juris¬ 
diction, at a communication holden in the Grand Lodge 
room in the city gf Philadelphia, on the 25th day of Sep¬ 
tember, 1786, after mature and serious deliberation, unani¬ 
mously resolved, “ That it is improper that the Grand Lodge 
of Pennsylvania should remain any longer under the autho¬ 
rity of any foreign Grand Lodge.” And the said lodge did 
then close sine die. 

The grand convention thus assembled did then and there 
unanimously resolve , that the lodges under the jurisdiction 
of the Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania, aforesaid, lately 
holden as a provincial Grand Lodge, under the authority of 
the Grand Lodge of England, should, and they did, form 
themselves into a Grand Lodge, to be called “ The Grand 
Lodge of Pennsylvania and Masonic jurisdiction there¬ 
unto belonging ,” to be held in the said city of Philadelphia. 

The Grand Lodge meets on the first Monday in March, 
June, September, and December. 


HISTORY OF FREE MASONRY. 


375 


GRAND LODGE OF NEW HAMPSHIRE, 

The Grand Lodge of New Hampshire was formed on 
the 8th of July, A. L/ 5789. A number of lodges in that 
state had received warrants from Massachusetts, which 
united in the establishment of a Grand Lodge. Its meetings 
are holden at Portsmouth, in January, April, July, and 
October. 


GRAND LODGE OF MASSACHUSETTS 

Is the oldest Masonic establishment in the United States. 
The first Grand Lodge ever held on this continent was at 
Boston, on the 30th July, 1738, known by the name of 
St. John’s Grand Lodge , and descended from the Grand 
Master of England. 

The Massachusetts Grand Lodge, also holden at Boston 
was first established on the 27th December, A. L. 5769, 
and descended from the Grand Master of Scotland. 

On the 19th of June, A. L. 5792, a grand Masonic 
union was formed by the two Grand Lodges, and all dis¬ 
tinction between ancient and modern Masons abolished. 

GRAND LODGE OF RHODE ISLAND 

Was organized on the 25th of June, A. L. 5791, agree¬ 
ably to a plan previously proposed and adopted by the St. 
John’s Lodge, No. 1, Newport, and St. John’s Lodge, 
No. 2, of Providence, which were the only lodges in the 
state at that time. 

GRAND LODGE OF CONNECTICUT 

Was constituted on 8th day of July, A. L. 5789, by fifteen 
lodges, which then existed in the state. These lodges 
were instituted by virtue of charters, derived from the Grand 


376 


HISTORY OF FREE MASONRY. 


Lodges of Massachusetts and New York, but chiefly from 
he former. 

The grand communications are holden semi-annually, in 
the months of May and October. 

GRAND LODGE OF VERMONT 

Was constituted at Rutland, on the 14th day of October, 
1794. Its annual meetings are held on the Monday pre¬ 
ceding the second Thursday of October, at nine o’clock, 
A. M., at Windsor and Vergennes, alternately. 

GRAND LODGE OF NEW YORK 

W’as first constituted by a warrant from the Duke of 
Athol, dated London, September the 5th, A. L. 5781. In 
conformity to the example which had been set by the seve¬ 
ral Grand Lodges of several states, after the revolutionary 
contest, on the 5th September, A. L. 5587, the Masters 
and Wardens of the several lodges within the state, having 
been duly notified, assembled in the city of New York, and 
the late Provincial Grand Lodge having been closed sine 
die, formed and opened an independent Grand Lodge. 

GRAND LODGE OF NEW JERSEY. 

A convention of Free and Accepted Masons of the State 
of New Jersey, was holden agreeable to previous notice, 
on the 18th December, A. L. 5786, at the city of New 
Brunswick, when a Grand Lodge for the state was duly 
constituted, and the Hon. David Breasly, Esq., Chief Jus¬ 
tice of the state, was elected first Grand Master. 

GRAND LODGE OF KENTUCKY 

Was established on the 13th day of October, A. L. 5800 


HISTORY OF FREE MASONRY. 


377 


GRAND LODGE OF VIRGINIA. 

The Grand Lodge of Virginia, began its operations Octo¬ 
ber 30, A. L. 5778. It meets annually, at the city of 
Richmond, on the second Monday in December. The 
mode of address is, “ The Secretary of the Grand Lodge 
of Virginia, Richmond.” 

GRAND LODGE OF DELAWARE. 

At a grand communication of a majority of the lodges, 
established in the state of Delaware, at the Town Hall, in 
the borough of Wilmington, on Friday, June 6, A. L. 
5806, it was 

Resolved, unanimously, “That the several lodges of 
ancient Masons in the state of Delaware, here represented 
by deputies properly authorised, consider it as a matter of 
right, and for the general benefit of Masonry, that they 
ought to form a Grand Lodge within the said state ; and do 
now proceed to form and organize themselves into a Grand 
Lodge accordingly, to be known and distinguished by the 
name of The Grand Lodge of Delaware .” 

GRAND LODGE OF NORTH CAROLINA. 

The Grand Lodge of North Carolina was first consti¬ 
tuted by virtue of a charter from the Grand Lodge of Scot¬ 
land, A. L. 5771. It convened occasionally at Newbern 
and Edenton, at which latter place the records were depo¬ 
sited previous to the revolutionary war. During the con¬ 
test the records were destroyed by the British army, and the 
meetings of the Grand Lodge suspended. 

The members of the craft convened at Hillsborough, in 
this State, A. L. 5787, and compiled certain regulations for 
the government of the Grand Lodge, and again set to work 
32 * 


378 


HISTORY 01-’ I-'REE MASONRY. 


Iii the same year they appointed a committee to form a con 
stitution for their future government, which was accordingly 
done, and in the year following, the said constitution was 
formally adopted, and ratified at the city of Raleigh, at 
which place the Grand Lodge meets annually. 

GRAND LODGE OF SOUTH CAROLINA. 

The Grand Lodge of the State of South Carolina, was 
instituted and established at Charleston, on the 24th day of 
March, A. L. 5787. 

The General Grand Communication is holden in Charles¬ 
ton, annually, on St. John’s day, and the quarterly commu¬ 
nications on the last Saturday in March, June, September, 
and on the next Saturday but one preceding St. John the 
Evangelist’s day. 

GRAND LODGE OF OHIO. 

The Grand Lodge of Ohio was instituted by a conven¬ 
tion of delegates from all the lodges within the state, as- . 
eembled at Chilicothe, on the first Monday of January, 
—A. L. 5808, and elected their grand officers on the 7tt\ 
of the said month. The first communication of the Grand 
lodge was holden at Chilicothe, on Monday, the 2d day of 
Tanuary,—A. L. 5809. 

GRAND LODGE OF GEORGIA. 

The Grand Lodge of Georgia, is holden “ by virtue, and 
in pursuance of, the right of succession, legally derived 
from the most noble and most worshipful Thomas Thyne, 
lord viscount Weymouth, Grand Master of England, A. L. 
5730, by his warrant, directed to the right worshipful Roger 
Lacey; and by the renewal of the said power by Sholto 
Charles Douglas ; lord Aberdour, Grand Master of Scot- 



HISTORY OF FREE MASONRY. 


379 

land, for the years 1755 and 175G; and Grand Master of 
England for the years 1757 and 1758, as will appear in 
his warrant, directed to the right worshipful Grey Elliott.” 

On the 16th day of December, A. L. 5786, a^ conven¬ 
tion of several lodges holden in the state, assembled at Sa¬ 
vannah, when the permanent appointments which had been 
heretofore made by the Grand Master of England, were 
solemnly relinquished, by the right worshipful Samuel 
Elbert, Grand Master, and the other officers of the Grand 
Lodge ; and certain regulations adopted, by which the grand 
officers are now elected annually by the Grand Lodge. 

GRAND LODGE OF MARYLAND. 

Until the year 1783, the lodges in Maryland, which at 
that time were very numerous, derived their authority from, 
and were subordinate to, the Grand Lodge of Pennsylva¬ 
nia. On the 17th June, in the same year, a Convention 
was called to meet at Talbot court house, to take into con¬ 
sideration the propriety of establishing a statistical jurisdic¬ 
tion. 

An interesting correspondence was then opened between 
the Grand Master elect and the Grand Lodge of Pennsyl 
vania, on the subject of the separation. 

Its first meeting, under the sanction of the Grand Lodge 
of Maryland, took place at Talbot until the year 1794, when 
the Grand Lodge removed its sessions to the city of Balti¬ 
more, under which new arrangement they met in the month 
of May, in the above year, and has since continued its 
meetings semi-annually in the months of May and October. 

GRAND LODGE OF THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. 

On the 11th day of December, A. L. 5810, a convention 
was called, and delegates attended from most of the lodge* 


380 


HISTORY OF FREE MASONRY. 


in the District of Columbia. They held their session in 
the city of .Washington. 

The lodge had heretofore worked under the jurisdic¬ 
tion of the Grand Lodges of Virginia and Maryland, and on 
the 8th of January, 5811, formed themselves into a Grand 
Lodge. They meet semi-annually in January and July. 

In each of the following States there exists a Grand 
Lodge. We regret that we have it not in our power to lay 
before our readers the dates of their establishment: 

Maine, Mississippi, Missouri, Illinois, Tennessee, In¬ 
diana, Alabama, and Michigan. 




































































































































































* 





























* 

/ 

» 









* 












































« 







> I 

/ 


J 










% 


* 































l 






























* 
























LIBRARY 


OF 


CONGRESS 


































































































































































































































































































































































